一人称
In her influential paper ʻThe First Personʼ, Elizabeth Anscombe concludes that , despite all syntactic and semantic appearances to the contrary, the first person singular pronoun is not a referring expression. She presents three main arguments. One is the argument intended to show that any account of ʻIʼ as a device of selfreference will either be insufficient or essentially involve circularity. T
現代量子力学から見たポパーの傾向性解釈
Popperʼs analysis of the conceptual problems of quantum mechanics and the propensity interpretation of probability are reviewed. Although these theories do not prove to be sufficient in resolving issues with regard to quantum mechanics, there exists a modern theory, stochastic mechanics, that validates Popperʼs framework. Two aspects of his idea in particular, are essential for stochastic mechanic
18世紀後半イギリスにおける人命救助と自殺防止
In this study, the writer has attempted to clarify the characteristics of Royal Humane Society (RHS), the first association for life-saving and suicide prevention in England, analyzing theories of its founders and endeavors. The debate on suicide was much heater than elsewhere in early modern England, and the verdict “non compos mentis” has been increased. In this stream, RHS was founded by two me
ヒュームにおける社交・会話と人間性の増幅
On Humeʼs account, the scope of the natural virtues(generosity or humanity) is limited to a personʼs family and friends(“narrow circle”). Elsewhere, however, Hume admits that the scope of the natural virtues extends beyond the “narrow circle” to strangers. How, then, does the scope of the natural virtues extend beyond the “narrow circle”? In this paper, I will inquire what expands the scope of the
ジョン・ロックの人格同一性論
In his discussion of personal identity, Locke uses “consciousness” in three ways. “Consciousness” means “self-consciousness,” “memory” and “the appropriation of past thoughts and actions.” This multiple meaning of “consciousness” makes it difficult to get the clear understanding of his consciousness theory of personal identity. This paper is an attempt to show; firstly, that the principal meaning
規範理論としてのホッブズの社会契約論
The aim of this paper is to examine Hobbesʼs social contract theory from the viewpoint of the moral theory. Hobbes, who was under the influence of skeptical relativism, used the contract theory to provide foundations for common ethical standards. The notion of the social contract expresses the liberalistic idea that all rules are made by those who are free and equal. But his social contract theory
言語行為論と政治的自由
By using J. L. Austin's speech act theory, various views on the relationship between law and liberty can be categorized into two types. Illocutionary force concerns the establishment of relationships among members, whereas perlocutionary force concerns the regulation of certain actions. Phillip Pettit's idea of freedom as discursive control, illocutionary and republican by its nature, seems to be
ロールズのJ.S.ミル解釈
In his Lectures on the History of Political Philosophy, Rawls investigates J.S. Mill's moral philosophy. In order to secure liberty and equality, Mill's utilitarianism requires secondary principles of society including the principle of liberty. Rawls argues that they have substantially the same content as the principles of justice and the idea of public reason in Rawls's “justice as fairness.” But
ヘアの普遍化可能性原理の形式性について
It is widely admitted that moral judgments are universalizable, but whether this universalizability is formal or subjective is still in controversy. In this paper, I will investigate R.M.Hare’s argument for the formality of the universalizability. It is often said that his attempt fails because he derives a subjective moral conclusion like utilitarianism from that principle. However, Hare does not
アダム・スミスにおける有用性と功利的デザイン論
Although Adam Smith did not think that utility is the main principle in moral judgment, it is a key concept in understanding the whole picture of his moral philosophy. This paper shows that his concept of utility has two levels: the level of man and the level of God. Smith thought that human nature has utility at the level of God, and that the existence of this God can be proved through the utilit
ロックの自然法について
Some commentators say that Locke late in his life finds it impossible to discover the law of nature through the reason and turns instead to the revelation which is in the opposite of the reason. In this paper I try to refute such view. Locke holds that there are three laws to judge people’s actions. They are the Divine Law,the Civil Law and the law of Opinion or Reputation (hereafter LOR). Locke t
自己存在意識の発生と崩壊
The emergence of self-awareness in the course of human development is indispensably associated with interaction between self and others in terms of Interpersonal Stimuli (Kasuga, 1987), which relates the quality of interaction per se. Self is considered as an organism of functioning system supported by six subsystems as a whole. The dysfunction of self -system as an organism is a precursor of coll
アダム・スミスにおける道徳感情の不規則性
Smith proposed an equitable maxim requiring that our moral sentiments of merit and demerit should be based on the expected consequence of the action. But in practice, these sentiments vary with the actual consequence. Smith called this ‘irregularity of moral sentiment (hereafter IS)’. In this paper I would like to suggest Smith's possible explanation and justification of IS in reference to the con
シドナムとロック
Locke owed much to his precedent and contemporary natural philosophers for the formation of his philosophical thought. His debt to Descartes, Boyle and Sydenham has been widely recognized. This paper argues that the chief influence on Locke's empiricism is from his medical mentor, Sydenham, and examines the origin of Locke's “Historical, plain Method”. Locke's early medical manuscripts and Drafts
17世紀末イングランド常備軍論争
This paper clarifies the contexts of standing army controversy. Trenchard opposed standing army from the standpoint of republicanism. Defoe and Davenant defended standing army not only in opposing republicanism but also in their recognition of the threat of French power to England. Defoe, recognizing the military-technological revolution in the Modern, consent of parliament is adequate for guarant
ロック言語論における事実と規範
Locke's theory of language is often taken to insist on the possibility of a private language of the kind that is denied by Wittgenstein, and is severely criticized on this basis. It is true that Locke's linguistic thesis appears to be in support of the possibility of a private language. However, Locke also insists on the public nature of language, and so his theory cannot be easily discounted on g
ヒュームの正義論の哲学的背景
Epistemological status of moral judgment, or the question concerning the existence of moral values, has been and still is one of the biggest issues in metaethics. Some ( especially called ‘Humean’ ) insist that the values, including moral values, are really products of ’attitudes’ projected into the world, and others argue that they are independent of the activity of the subject’s mind. We find Hu
ロックにおける「信仰問題」とは区別された「理性問題」の意義
The similarity between Locke and contemporary French thinkers is that both assert that the realm in which reason should play an active role must be distinguished from that in which things can be considered as a matter of faith. The difference between them, on the other hand, lies in their views on the traditional revelation based on the authority of the church: Locke considers the revelation to be
言語・発明・想像
So far most Bentham scholars have failed to pay enough attention to the fact that Bentham tried to address the problem of methodology of sciences in his Logic,of which the theory of language constituted a sort of philosophical foundation. In consequence, the most distinctive feature of his methodology of sciences has not been brought to light sufficiently. This paper, thus, is an attempt to clarif
ジョン・ロックの責任論
It is widely admitted that when someone is morally responsible for an action,(1) the action must be none other than her action, i.e., the action must be ascribable to her, and (2) the action must be alternative when she did it. About the first condition Locke says someone is morally responsible for an action only if it is the effect of her volition. But it is still to be asked how her volition can
リチャード･フッカーと教会統治の可変性
Richard Hooker was a leading Anglican theologian in Elizabethan England. In his books Of the Laws of the Ecclesiastical Polity, it is maintained that laws of God,nature, reason, and laws concerning doctrine are unchangeable; on the other hand,law of human and positive is mutable. According to Hooker, laws of church government and order are positive and when the necessity of exigency, episcopal ord
ジョン・オースティンの功利主義論とJ・S・ミル
This essay discusses John Stuart Mill and John Austin on the utilitarian doctrine in the 1830s. In spite of his disenchantment with Jeremy Bentham, Mill remained to be a utilitarian after the so-called Mental Crisis (1826-7). I first explain why and how Mill advocated the utilitarian doctrine, rejecting the alternatives. Second, the presumable source of his ‘new’ utilitarian theory, i.e. the argum
ヒュームにおける抽象観念論の意義
In the Treatise 1.1.7, “On Abstract Ideas”, Hume develops a significant criticism of the Lockean concept of “abstract ideas”. This paper contains three claims. The first claim is that the argument is to be read as providing a definition of Hume’s concept of “custom”. The second claim is that “resemblances” among things are not detected on the basis of any particular feature that is discovered by r
ヒューム哲学における神の信念
David Hume is renowned for his objection to the design argument. However, in his book Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion, Philo appears to believe in God although he is against the design argument. Why does Hume allow Philo to have faith? To answer this question, I think we should not resort to the concept of natural beliefs because in Hume's other writings he explains that people can believe i
ロックのデカルト批判
It is well known among Locke scholars that Locke owed much to Descartes for the development of his thought. However, the nature of the influence has not been specifically explored. This paper argues that though Locke inherited several philosophical terminologies and a sort of dualist thinking from Descartes, he altered them to serve for his philosophical project: the examination of our ideas and k
制作と二つの自然
Hobbes regarded the social order as artificial. Though most critics have argued his materialism excludes human productive capacities, this paper tries to show that his notion of nature encompasses metaphysical and epistemological preconditions that enable the mankind to be creative. In his mechanistic conception of philosophy can be found two types of nature: one as the physical world, which consi
なぜエモーティヴな意味は非認知的とされるか
According to moral sentiment theory, morals cannot be derived from reason. Therefore, if we accept moral sentiment theory, and yet still contend that moral judgments can be cognitive and rational, we have to carry out two tasks. In the first place, we should show that moral judgments based on passions, sentiments, or on something of that kind, can be, as a matter of fact, cognitive, and so have so
ロックとボイルの比較
This paper reassesses Locke's theory of ideas with that of Boyle for a background, and argues as follows. Initially, ‘cosmical quality’ is essential for Boyle's corpuscular philosophy, since it manifests radical interactions in the world. Secondly, Locke's theory of qualities in which ideas take a leading part conceals this insight, yet he accepts it. Thirdly, Boyle treats ideas as the principle o
正義と効用
Both utility and sympathy are the key concepts in Hume's and Smith's theory of justice. Whereas Hume and Smith hold the same view that the rules of justice have utility, their accounts differ in terms of the role of utility and sympathy. In this paper, after the careful analysis of Hume's and Smith's arguments, I would like to propose the following interpretation. Hume explains the evolution of th
ジョン・ロックの経済認識
For Locke, the problems of economy were closely related with the government. He thought that the economic prosperity of England was realized by ‘ordering’ trade. Trade consisted of two fields; one was manufacture, and the other navigation and commerce. And what rotated ‘the wheel’ of trade was money. It was required that landholder, broker (merchant and moneyed-man), and labor took their own part
アイザイア・バーリンの捉える反啓蒙主義思想の端緒
Berlin's studies on the history of ideas have been the focus of severe criticism recently. I argue that this is due to the lack of discussion on his “existentialist view of history.” This Crocean view mediates his study of history and his liberal political philosophy on the one hand, and implies that Berlin's books on Romanticism — especially those on J. G. Hamann — reflect his intellectual path,
意識流の存在論的位置づけ
William James's concept “stream of thought” has mainly two backgrounds to build up its original style. The first is the difference between material state and inner state of vital phenomena, and the second is the impossibility to associate plural ideas without transcendental subject. The first is influenced by an issue in the theory of evolution. That is a question, on which point in evolution the
自然と人為の対立とその政治的含意
In his ‘Evolution and Ethics’ T. H. Huxley formulates the antagonism between nature and art. In this formulation, human beings and society have in themselves both natural and artificial aspects, to which he attaches ambiguous values. This view is closely connected with his political argument in ‘The Struggle for Existence in Human Society’, which seeks the middle course between ‘Anarchic Individua
欲求の保留としての意志の自由
John Locke's argument of free-will problem in his An Essay Concernig Human Understanding has been seen to be sort of problematic. It is “a power to suspend the execution of any of its desires” and determinism of will that form the core of the problem. In this paper, I'm trying to resolve this problem from the libertarian point of view. There are some approaches to interpret Locke as libertarian, b
行為の理由の内的解釈について
In this paper, I will focus on Bernard Williams' discussion on reasons for action. He takes a position called ‘internalism’, and claims that a statement ‘A has a reason to φ' is true if and only if there is a sound deliberative route from A's subjective motivational set to A's φ-ing. I will examine the necessary connection between this ‘internal reason statement’ and an agent's motivational state,
ポーコックにおけるバーク
This paper examines J. G. A.Pocock's interpretation of Edmund Burke. Pocock's interpretation of Burke is well known among scholars of Burke's thought, but its relevance to other interpretations of Burke is not so clear. I make it clear that Pocock's interpretation can be read as a counterargument to the Namier school, who regarded Burke as an opportunist. This type of the interpretation propounded
アダム・ファーガスンの道徳哲学の方法と、スコットランド哲学の伝統
This paper intends to show that Adam Ferguson's moral philosophy has a body of theory, and that it follows the tradition of Scottish Philosophy. The tradition has 3 characteristics: 1. method of observation, 2. introspection, 3. a priori principles. Ferguson insists on the natural historian's method to find the ultimate facts, which are the superior facts that every theory must depend on. As for t
ロックの物そのもの
It has been debated whether Locke holds direct realism or representative theory of perception. This paper examines the key concept, things themselves, to help determine that Locke is really a supporter of representative theory of perception. Yolton's view of things themselves — its emphasis on natural history of the day — is criticized for not adequately dealing with another decisive feature of th
ジョン・ロックにおける実在的本質と自然種
The distinction between real and nominal essences is a very important one in Locke's Essay. With respect to substances, Locke insists that our nominal essences do not coincide with the real essences. The nominal essence is an abstract idea for which a general name stands. But his attitude towards the real essences of substances is very obscure. The problem is whether a real essence relates to a pa
ホッブズ道徳理論の諸相
We begin our pursuit of Hobbes's moral theory by considering whether he had a moral theory or not. For so many people have insisted that Hobbes did not have a moral theory, resting on the claim that he was a moral relativist or that he reduced morality to prudence. Then we examine influential modern interpretations, which have portrayed Hobbes's moral theory as either rule-egoism, moral contract t
ジェイムズ6世の政治思想
The political thought of James VI has always been associated witn the divine right of kingship. However, the theory of divine kingship is merely one feature of his thought. James primarily developed his ideas under the influence of political realism that he encounterea in his youth. He then incorporated various elements of religious reformers' views and Renaissance humanism into his thought for th
ヒュームの自然主義
メタデータをダウンロード RIS形式 (EndNote、Reference Manager、ProCite、RefWorksとの互換性あり) As every Hume scholar knows, there are two leading interpretations concerning the fundamental position of Hume's philosophy. One views Hume the philosopher as a sceptic, and the other regards Hume's moral theory as naturalistic. And as far as Hume's moral theory is concerned, the latter interpretation is now no doubt dominant.
自己所有権から自己所有へ
This article focuses on sell-ownership and articulates it. Libertarians insist that my person is my property, and I have exclusive rights to determine the course of its use and disposal, and further to enjoy full income gained by its use. But self-ownership is an obscure conception inasmuch as the very concept of person and the legal concept of property in themselves allow for varied interpretatio
ヒュームにおける「knowledge」の問題
This paper analyzes Hume's distinction between knowledge and probability in his Treatise. Many scholars believe that this distinction corresponds to the relationship between analytic and synthetic, a priori and a posteriori. However, if we direct our attintion to the concept of resemblance that Hume places in the category of knowledge, this correspondence is harder to see. The fact is, what distin
ジョン・イーヴリンと『フミフギウム』
In Restoration England, John Evelyn (1620-1706) published, corresponding to the Royal command (King Charles II), Fumifugium, or the Inconvenience of the Aer and Smoke of London Dissipated (1661), now widely appreciated as the first comprehensive monograph on the air pollution. Through his assiduous commitments towards medicine, chemistry, and horticulture, he identified systematically and appropri
ジェームス・ハリントンの「世俗性」と「権威への自由」
This paper intends to show, initially, that God as the Creator has significant functions in Harrington's preoccupations, altnough articulated differently from the religious enthusiasts amongst his contemporaries, and, then, that His relation with human beings influences to the constitutional arrangements of Harrington: the Bicameral System composed of the Senate Proposing and the Congregation Reso
エドマンド・バークにおけるconstitutionの概念について
This paper aims to articulate Edmund Burke's concept of constitution. To articulate it, I suppose that it is necessary to compare it to the concept of constitution in the thought of modern law school. Then, we understand that Edmund Burke's concept of constitution should be recognised in the context of the common law tradition. And it is important to recognise the role of Revolution of 1688. At th
信頼原理と人間の知識
Our faculties to believe are trustworthy. Thomas Reid's epistemology regards this self-confidence in the belief-faculties as metaprinciple of all the “first principles of contingent truths” (Intellectual Powers, VI. 5.) In this paper I clarify the systematic meaning of trust epistemology by reconsidering Hume's “total scepticism” (Treatise, I, IV, 1). Hume misunderstood his argument. Fallibility o
ヒュームにおける文明社会と情念
Some scholars believe that Hume used the “anatomist” method in the Treatise, and the “painter” method in the Essays. But the “painter” method in the Essays can be further separated into two methods, “allegory” and “history”. Hume regarded the historical method as a more effective way to appeal to his readers' mind than the allegoric method because the former proved to be useful for refinement of p
ヒュームの悲劇論について
In an essay, “Of Tragedy,” Hume tried to solve the problem of why disagreeable passions caused by tragedy should eventually be converted to pleasure. Some scholars interpret that Hume explained this away by the theory of the conversion of passions, instead of the theory of sympathy. This paper argues that Hume applied his principal doctrine of psychological association and his theory of sympathy i
ハリエット・テイラーとJ.S.ミルの知的協働
Harriet Taylor and J. S. Mill, in the late 1840's and early 1850's, just before and after their marriage, wrote a series of articles on injustice and cruelty, revealing their growing concern over the effects of male violence and authority sanctioned by law. Their intention was to drive legislators and judges to regard violence as a serious crime deserving severe punishment. My analytical approache
ヒューム道徳哲学における「人間愛」の生成と発展
This paper attempts to clarify the concept of “the party of humankind” by analysis of the three topics in Hume's moral philosophy. The first is the principle of sympathy and the identity as it regards the passions. The second is the general points of view and the proper point of view. The third is the speculative artifice and the philosophy of common life I intend to suggest that Hume causally exp
経験主義的知識論と社会哲学との相関性
Is it possible to regard epistemology as a discipline which is quite independent of social philosophy? This paper focuses on Hume and his precursors, and endeavours to show whether there is any correlation between their empirical theory of knowledge and their social philosophy. Regarding the theorists dealt with in this paper, I would like to submit that the empirical method which may lead to tota
ロックの市民社会とアメリカ植民地
Innately free and equal people build a free and equal civil society, though the society is the exclusive state of autonomous proprietors, especially landowners. However there is no contradiction. Because Locke offers two ways, inland improvement and outward colonization. In the former, although the poor can become managing proprietors by borrowing capital, everyone can not do so. Therefore coloniz
ホッブズの「神の自然的王国」について
In 1957, Howard Warrender published an influential and controversial work, The Political Philosopy of Hobbes, which gives so-called “religionist interpretation” of Hobbes's “natural law” theory. We critically evaluate Warrender's claim that God plays an essential role in the foundation of Hobbes's rational/natural law theory. This examination mainly deals with chapter 31 of Leviathan, “of the King
オースティンの真理論における真理の「程度」
J. L. Austin presented an elaborated correspondence theory of truth. His formulation of the truth condition of statements roughly is as follows: a statement is true when the situation to which it is correlated by the demonstrative conventions is of a type of situations with which the sentence used in making it is correlated by the descriptive conventions. Austin uniquely asserts there are various
初期ベンサムの統治構想
A great deal of effort has been made on Bentham's thought in general. What seems to be lacking, however, is a systematic analysis of Bentham's conception of government in his early times. In this paper, I intend to sketch Bentham's conception of government as the “régime of publicity”. My analytical approaches are based on the ideas in his Fragment and Introduction (IPML). I shall extract a “mutua
E.バークにおける詩画比較論とその美学的基礎
The purpose of this paper is two: One is to reveal Burke's aesthetics based upon the double character of both ‘imagination’ and ‘imitation’, giving attention to his parallel of poetry and painting. The other is to point out that ‘obscurity’ and ‘terror’ are the prime and coherent ideas closely related to the Sublime, resulting in his view of the superiority of poetry to painting. I will demonstrat
ヒュームにおける心身問題について
This paper aims to clarify some of the intentions of Hume's arguments concerning the mind-body problem in his Treatise of Human Nature, I, iv, 5. It attempts to examine three main things: (1) the features of Hume's arguments compared with those of Locke; (2) Hume's own use of the words, such as ‘notion’, ‘fiction’ or ‘feign’, and ‘imagination’ or ‘fancy’; and (3) Hume's new method of explanation
The Controversy Over Personal Identity in Recent Anglo-American Ethics
The Controversy Over Personal Identity in Recent Anglo-American Ethics
清野一治著「規制と競争の経済学」東京大学出版会,1993年,ix+371ページ,4944円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
渡辺努著「市場の予想と経済政策の有効性-国際金融政策のゲーム論的分析」東洋経済新報社,1994年,ix+229ページ,3800円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
本間正義著「農業問題の政治経済学」日本経済新聞社,1994年,vi+278ページ,2000円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
中西訓嗣著「貿易自由化の理論的分析」有斐閣,1993年,258ページ,5974円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
橘木俊詔•下野恵子著「個人貯蓄とライフサイクル-生涯収支の実証分析」日本経済新聞社,1994年,Viii+290ページ,3900円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
河合正弘著「国際金融論」東京大学出版会,1994年,xii+438ページ,4326円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
刈屋武昭著「計量経済分析法の新展開-金融分析•景気分析•予想形成」岩波書店,1994年,ix+197ページ,4500円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
金本良嗣•宮島洋編「公共セクターの効率化」東京大学出版会,1991年,vi+240ページ,3914円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
大瀧雅之著「景気循環の理論-現代日本経済の構造」東京大学出版会,1994年,viii+454ページ,4944円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
岩井克人•伊藤元重編「現代の経済理論」東京大学出版会,1994年,viii+328ページ,3914円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
長期的経済関係のエコノメトリックス
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
1980年代の所得•資産分配
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
A NOTE ON PRODUCT DIVERSITY IN SCALE ECONOMIES
This note analyses product diversity under increasing returns to scale. We employ, in a general equilibrium framework, the model of Perloff and Salop (1985), which synthesizes Hotelling-type and Chamberlin-type models. The main result in the paper provides an instance of the excess diversity of a product, and its interpretation is illustrated diagrammatically.
NOTES ON ESTIMATION OF THE TOBIT MODELS BY POWELL'S LEAST ABSOLUTE DEVIATIONS ESTIMATOR
In recent economic studies, Tobit models, in which the dependent variables cannot be negative, have been widely used. Although these models are usually estimated by the Tobit Maximum Likelihood Estimator (Tobit MLE), the Tobit MLE is not robust with respect to heteroskedasticity and non-normality of the error terms. Powell (1984) proposed a modified least absolute deviations estimator which is con
TARIFF AND TAX REFORMS-DO WORLD BANK RECOMMENDATIONS INTEGRATE REVENUE AND PROTECTION OBJECTIVES?-
This paper reports the results of a selective review intended to evaluate the extent to which an integrated “public finance” perspective, incorporating both protection and revenue concerns, has guided World Bank recommendations to member countries in the atea of tariff reform. Such a perspective suggests that tariff reforms intended to reduce protection must often be accompanied by measures to dev
ON SMALL SAMPLE PROPERTIES OF ESTIMATORS AFTER A PRELIMINARY TEST OF INDEPENDENCE IN A CONSTRAINED BIVARIATE LINEAR REGRESSION MODEL
In this paper, following Tiao, Tan and Chang (1977), we consider a constrained bivariate linear regression model and introduce two types of estimators after a preliminary test of independence of two equations. One of them is a pre-test estimator using an unrestricted estimator of covariance matrix and the other is one using a restricted estimator of covariance matrix. We derive their risks and com
BUDGET DEFICITS, TIME PREFERENCE, AND THE EXTERNAL DEFICITS
This paper studies the effects of budget deficits in a two-country OG model where the rates of time preference differ across countries. It is shown that time preference plays an important role in the determination of the effects of budget deficits on the trade and current account deficits. If the time preferences are identical, then a domestic tax-increase will unambiguously increase its trade sur
PROTECTIVE AND REVENUE RAISING TRADE TAXES: THEORY AND AN APPLICATION TO INDIA
This paper lays out an analytical framework which is general enough to encompass two prominent approaches to trade policy analysis in developing countries. These are (1) the Ramsey-Samuelson-Diamond-Mirrlees public finance tradition as applied to open economies and (2) the effective protection tradition stemming from the work of Balassa and Corden. Such a unified perspective emphasizes the critica
TARIFF REFORM AND THE UNIFORM TARIFF
The optimal design of tariff policies is considered in a simple general-equilibrium model that reflects many of the real-world constraints placed on tariff design and reform. Sufficient conditions for an uniform tariff structure to be optimal are deduced, these involve quasi-separability of the trade-expenditure function. A number of partial tariff-reform measures are considered. Determining the a
WHY AND WHY NOT OF UNIFORM TARIFFS
This paper offers an intuitive but rigorous analysis of the uniform-tariff issue under a variety of circumstances, Among the areas covered are the role of the policy objective, importance of imported inputs and the relevance of political-economy considerations. The main conclusions of the paper maybe summarized as follows. Assuming fixed endowments and no domestic taxes, optimum tariffs for raisin
REVENUE-NEUTRAL TARIFF REFORM: THEORY AND AN APPLICATION TO CAMEROON
This paper addresses the issue of revenue constrained partial tariff reform. We derive instructive formulae clarifying the optimal structure of revenue raising tariffs. We demonstrate the importance of net import demand elasticities and complementarity with untaxed export goods. We further analyze the empirically important case of revenue raising tariffs in the presence of distortionary producer t
WHY NOT SET TARIFFS UNIFORMLY RATHER THAN OPTIMALLY
Practitioners of tariff reforms have been recommending tariff reforms toward uniformity since they fear that divergences among tariff rates cause price distortions among imports. On the other hand, the optimal tax theorists have been insisting that the revenue-constrained optimum tariff structure must be non-uniform. The present paper formalizes practitioner's hunch within the framework of the opt
ASYMPTOTIC PROPERTIES OF CUMULANT SPECTRAL DENSITY ESTIMATORS
This paper examines the limiting distribution of estimates of cumulant spectral densities. The proposed estimator of the cumulant spectral density is constructed by replacing product moments with estimates of product moments according to the definition of the cumulant, followed by taking a weighted Fourier transform of these estimated cumulants. Kim (1989) showed this estimator to be consistent. U
ASSET DEMAND AND WELFARE COST OF CAPITAL INCOME TAXES IN A LIFE-CYCLE SETTING -AN APPLICATION TO JAPANESE WORKERS HOUSEHOLDS-
Using a version of two-asset optimal lifetime consumption model with human wealth, we analyze the effect of income tax on interest on portfolio selection and savings rate as compared to that of capital gains tax and the combined effect of the two taxes. We suggest a method of measuring the welfare cost of capital income taxes in this life-cycle setting and apply it to Japanese workers households c
INSIDE MONEY, OUTSIDE MONEY, AND OUTPUT
Understanding what accounts for the relationship between monetary measures and the output of the economy is one of the basic issues of macroeconomics. It has been argued that there exists a positive relationship between money and output. However, in most general equilibrium models, money is neutral in the sense that monetary measures affect price levels but not output (in the long-run or when it i
STABILITY AND ENTRY IN A DYNAMIC COURNOT MARKET
In this paper we deal with dynamic Cournot competition and explore the relationship between the stability properties of an equilibrium path and quasi-competitive behavior of the market. More precisely we show that the stability conditions introduced for the static case ensure global convergence of a unique dynamic equilibrium path towards the steady state and quasi-competitiveness of the entire eq
PROTECTION POLICY IN A GROWING MARKET WHERE THE ENTRANT IS A BIG FIRM
A big firm is aiming to enter a small and growing market. When should this entry be permitted for the benefit of the consumers and the incumbent firm? We consider this problem in the framework of continuous dynamics. The entrant is a big firm that commits to keep its large level of capital constant. Hence the large firm will have the stronger position in the market compared with the incumbent firm
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PLURALITY CORRESPONDENCE IN UNDOMINATED STRATEGIES BY A BOUNDED MECHANISM
Recently it was shown that any social choice correspondence which can be implemented in undominated strategies by a bounded mechanism satisfies an incentive-compatibilitytype condition called strategy-resistance. In this paper we show that the plurality correspondence is implemented in undominated strategies by a bounded mechanism if and only if n=2 or #A=2 (n is the number of agents and #A is the
A HEDONIC ANALYSIS OF LAND PRICES AND RENTS IN THE BUBBLE: KANAGAWA PREFECTURE IN JAPAN FOR 1986-1988
This paper presents hedonic analyses of residential land prices and rents in Kanagawa Prefecture, a typical bedtown prefecture of Tokyo, during the bubble period 1986-1988. Land characteristics explain land prices well in the bubble, but their relative imputed prices changed significantly over time. Access to Tokyo City, especially to Shinjuku Station, increased its importance in explaining land p
REASONABLENESS OF RISK PREMIA: A STUDY OF THE TERM STRUCTURE WITH RISK PREMIA IN THE GENSAKI MARKET
This paper will propose a complementary test for the hypothesis of the term structure with risk premia and make an empirical study on the Japanese Gensaki (bond repurchase) market using daily data. This complementary test employs an idea of reasonableness of risk premia. We adopt the probability that the return from an uncertain bond is greater than the return from a sure bond as a measure of the
DO PROFIT DIFFERENTIALS EXPLAIN INTERSCALE WAGE DIFFERENTIALS?
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
TIME COST OF TRANSACTIONS AND THE SUPERNEUTRALITY OF MONEY: A REFORMULATION OF THE STOCKMAN-ABEL CASH-IN-ADVANCE MODEL UNDER RECURSIVE PREFERENCES
This paper shows, under recursive preferences, that if a cash-in-advance constraint is formulated along the Baumol-Tobin transactions theory of liquidity preferences by considering leisure-transaction time tradeoffs, the Stockman-Abel cash-in-advance model becomes equivalent to the Sidrauski type money-in-the-utility-function model in its implications on the superneutrality of money. If such trade
IMPERFECT COMPETITION, INTRA-INDUSTRY TRADE AND TRADE POLICY
The following duopoly model of trade will be considered. There are two goods (0 and 1). Good 0 is produced by perfectly competitive firms and good 1 is produced with nonlinear cost functions by a domestic firm and a foreign firm, each following the Cournot behavior. The home country can consider an import tariff and/or an export subsidy as policy instru-ments. In this paper we shall consider the f
RISK SHARING BETWEEN A MAIN BANK AND BORROWING COMPANIES UNDER INDEXED CONTRACTS
This paper investigates whether there has been risk sharing between a main bank and borrowing companies in Japan. Horiuchi, et al. (1988) claim that systematic relationships indicating the existence of risk-sharing between them cannot be generally observed. However, contracts conditional on operating profits as in Horiuchi, et al. (1988) may not be feasible because of the moral hazard problem. As
LAND AND RATIONAL BUBBLES IN A SMALL OPEN ECONOMY
A positive productivity shock contemporaneously overshoots the shadow prices of land and capital, being followed by stimulated investment and higher land price inflation due to the presence of land adjustment cost. Sectoral differences in land property tax may generate bubbles under perfect foresight. It is, however, ‘super rational’ and completely consistent with agents' long-run optimization beh
DISCLOSURE AND SECRECY IN MONETARY POLICY
The role of secrecy in the implementation of monetary policy has recently not only stimulated various arguments by economists, but also greatly increased their interest in the effectiveness of the secrecy. This study is associated with the effects of secrecy on the interest rate and how social welfare is influenced. My model may suggest the possibility that the disclosure of monetary policy can bo
WELFARE PROPERTIES OF ENDOGENOUS BUSINESS CYCLES IN A TWO-COUNTRY MODEL WITH PRODUCTION
This paper analyzes the dynamic behavior and efficiency properties of a disaggregated two-country model with production. Trade occurs in consumption goods, investment goods and in equities issued by firms of both countries. However trade between the two countries is always balanced, so that no international lending and borrowing takes place and no international trade in equities is allowed. In the
WHO WILL BE CALLED PARTNER? AN IMPORTING COUNTRY'S INCENTIVE TO FORM A FREE TRADE AREA
The present paper clarifies an importing country's choice of a partner for a free trade area (FTA) formation in imperfect competition. Before FTA formation, the importing country is unable to impose the higher tariff on the imports from the exporting country with the lower marginal cost for preventing the outflow of monopoly rent under the“most favored nation”constraint of the GATT. However by cho
AN INCENTIVE COMPATIBLE TAX RULE FOR ATTAINING LINDAHL ALLOCATIONS
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
コーホート•データによる稼得収入関数の計測とライフサイクル仮説の検証
It is widely held that the life cycle hypothesis of consumption is not accepted by Japanese data. In this paper, the life cycle hypothesis of consumption is tested by using Japanese cohort data instead of cross-section data. First, the earnings function of household head is estimated, and the future stream of the earnings is predicted by the function. Then, human capital is estimated. Finally, the
大都市公営バス事業の密度の経済とサイズの経済の計測
This paper measures returns to density and size for Japanese public bus operations in metropolitan areas. When returns to density are increasing, bus operations enjoy scale economies, the route length fixed. When returns to sizes are increasing, bus operations, allowed to change the route length, enjoy scale economies. Translog cost function of bus operations is estimated, using 6 metropolitan bus
SMALL SAMPLE PROPERTIES OF <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> BASED ON THE STEIN-RULE ESTIMATOR IN A MISSPECIFIED LINEAR REGRESSION MODEL
In this paper, we examine the small sample properties of R2 based on the Stein-rule estimator of coefficients (say, R2S) when relevant regressors are omitted in a specified model. The following is shown, when the model is correctly specified, the bias of R2S is smaller than that of R2 based on the OLS estimator (say, R2S), and the mean square error (MSE) of R2S is smaller than or comparable with t
CRIME RATE AND LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS: THEORY AND TIME-SERIES EVIDENCE
The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of labor market conditions, represented by male civilian unemployment rates, on seven major categories of crime. We propose a theoretical model from which the positive macro relationship between the unemployment rate and the crime rate is explicitly derived. The solution of the proposed model shows the concurrent counter-cyclical movements of the unem
MARKET STRUCTURE AND CONDUCT: GENERALIZED INDUSTRY PERFORMANCE GRADIENT INDEXES FOR OLIGOPOLY MARKETS
This paper generalizes Dansby-Willig's industry performance gradient index so as to explicitly relate the maximal feasible welfare improvement rate in imperfectly competitive markets with the number of firms perceiving market power and the industry-wide distribution of marginal costs. Two specific examples of the proposed generalized index are fully explored to obtain two results: (i) the greater
TESTS OF THE RATIONAL EXPECTATIONS-NATURAL RATE HYPOTHESIS FOR THE JAPANESE ECONOMY: 1886-1944
Several implications, including those regarding regime change, derived from the equilibrium business cycle models, were applied to evidence from the two pre-war regimes. The neutrality hypothesis was not rejected for both regimes and a comparison of the results was in favor of the Lucas hypothesis on the slope of the Phillips curve. However, some discrepancy concerning the Sargent-Neftci hypothesi
OVERINVESTMENT AND OVERBORROWING UNDER THE DEBT CONTRACTS
In the presence of asymmetric information between a lender and a borrower with costly monitoring, we investigate a contract form and an optimal loan size are investigated. The optimal contract has the features of a standard debt contract. However, the optimal loan size does not always take the form of maximum equity participation. If per unit of return from lending is a decreasing function of the
COLLUSION VERSUS EFFICIENCY IN THE JAPANESE REGIONAL BANKING INDUSTRY
This paper uses a behavioural approach to test the hypothesis that Japan's regional banking performance is primarily the result of efficiency and is best described by the efficient structure hypothesis as opposed to the structure-conduct-performance hypothesis. Our model allows us for the first time to estimate the degree of (implicit) collusion in the Japanese regional banking industry. This pape
INDIVIDUAL WELFARE, THE VOLATILITY OF PRICES, AND RATES OF RETURN ON NOMINAL ASSETS
Within the framework of a stochastic version of the overlapping generations model a general choice theoretic portfolio approach is presented. Competitive equilibria are shown to be nonoptimal in a Pareto sense (and hence can potentially be improved by some policy action), if there exist two individuals of some generation t, such that the ratio of marginal utilities of future consumption is random.
A NOTE ON PUBLIC GOODS PROVISION AND COMMODITY TAXES
In this note, we investigated a rule for the optimal provision of public goods in a many consumerseconomy when an optimal commodity tax is available. We obtained an intuitive formulawhich demonstrates that divergence from the first best rule is based on (i) the revenue repercussioneffect, (ii) the Pigou-Harberger's dead weight loss effect, and (iii) the total distribution effectof public good prov
ESTIMATION OF EQUIVALENCE SCALE USING JAPANESE DATA
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
農家家計員の就業選択について
The objective of this paper is to investigate the mechanism of labor force participation in Japanese farm households. For the purpose of empirical study, Tobit type 2 model is applied to the Farm Household Survey Data. The marked findings is that in the labor force participation decision of male members, the family system has an important role as well as the market wage and the farmsize, and the o
日本経済における構造変化と景気変動
In this paper, I investigate structural change and economic fluctuations in Japan by estimating a structural VAR model including four macroeconomic variables, real GNP, the GNP deflator, money supply (M2+CD) and interest rate (call rate). The main results I obtain are as follows; (1) Structural change tests show that the structural change in the Japanese economy in the 1970's may have occurred bef
A TAX PROGRESSIVITY INDEX BASED UPON THE EXPECTED LIFE-CYCLE UTILITY
After tax income and consumption of each income class are cointegrated respectively, we can estimate an ideal before tax consumption from the Permanent Income Hypothesis point of view. In this paper, with this estimated before tax consumption, we calculate the before tax version of the economic inequality measure proposed by Fukushige (1989), and evaluate the tax progressivity by their rate of cha
AUSTERITY MEASURES UNDER DEBT FINANCE IN A WORLD ECONOMY WITH OVERLAPPING GENERATIONS
An increase in the foreign country's stock of debt will raise the world interest rate and may cause the world economy to begin following a divergent path which eventually leads to bankruptcy. A number of austerity measures are discussed, e.g., tax increases, public spending decreases, and institutional reforms. Each will have a different effect on the steady state equilibrium and the dynamic adjus
ON INFLATION AND GROWTH IN THE LDCs
We analyze in this study the relation between changes in the price level and in income growth in the LDCs. Based on the World Bank 1965-1980 growth rates data drawn from 66 LDCs, we found significant evidence of a positive causal relation between the money supply growth rate and the inflation rate and a negative causal relation between income growth and the inflation rate. We also found that the m
PERFORMANCE OF THE STEIN-RULE ESTIMATORS WHEN THE DISTURBANCES ARE MISSPECIFIED AS SPHERICAL
The paper investigates the effects of misspecifying the disturbances in a linear regression model as spherical on the efficiency properties of the Stein-rule estimators. Asymptotic distribution of the Stein-rule estimator based on the OLS estimator is derived when the disturbances covariance matrix is nonscalar. The effects of non-spherical disturbances on the dominance conditions of the Stein-rul
刈屋武昭著「ポートフォリオ計量分析の基礎-MTVクォンツとインシュアランス」東洋経済新報社,1990年,PP.172,3800円(本体3689円)
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DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF INTER-INDUSTRY WAGES AND PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
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THE COST STRUCTURE OF THE JAPANESE INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY
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OPTIMAL TAXATION AND PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY RECONSIDERED
This paper elucidates the question of whether production efficiency (in the weak sense) obtains in an optimally taxed economy, which is posed by the seminal paper of Diamond and Mirrlees. This paper presents a complete conclusion and a proof for that the (desirability of) production efficiency holds, except (i) a not interesting case where private production is wholly less efficient than public pr
TENURE CHOICE AND THE DEMAND FOR RENTAL HOUSING IN JAPAN
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A STUDY OF HOUSEHOLD INVESTMENT PATTERNS IN JAPAN: AN APPLICATION OF GENERALIZED TOBIT MODEL
In this paper we analyze the investment patterns of Japanese households using three kinds of generalized Tobit models. We consider the following three types of investments: (1) bank deposits, (2) long-term income-gain assets, and (3) capital-gain assets. Generalized Tobit models are called for because there are households which do not possess either or both of the last two types of assets. In our
GLOBAL WARMING AND ECONOMIC POLICY
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竹村彰通著「多変量推測統計の基礎」共立出版,1991年,xxi+286ページ,4800円
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堀内昭義•吉野直行編「現代日本の金融分析」東京大学出版会,1992年,vii+282ページ,3905円
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松浦克己•橘木俊詔編「金融機能の経済分析-公的金融と民間金融」s東洋経済新報社,1991年,viii+194ページ,3800円
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小田切宏之著「日本の企業戦略と組織-成長と競争のメカニズム」東洋経済薪報社,1992年,Xi+280ページ,2500円
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吉川洋著「日本経済とマクロ経済学」東洋経済新報社,1992年,viii+409ページ,5800円
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斎藤光雄著「国民経済計算」創文社,1991年,viii+379ページ,定価3914円
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小野善康著「貨幣経済の動学理論-ケインズの復権」東京大学出版会,1992年,ix+213ページ,3296円
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川又邦雄著「市場機構と経済厚生」創文社,1991年,xii+478ページ,5665円
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システムとしての日本企業
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JAPAN'S CHALLENGE TO CANADIAN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
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PRODUCTIVITY AND CHINA'S ECONOMIC GROWTH
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EXPLAINING JAPAN AND U.S. TFP DIFFERENCE
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INTERNATIONAL AND INTERTEMPORAL COMPARISON OF PRODUCTIVE EFFICIENCY
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PRODUCTIVITY AND INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS
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CONFERENCE ON PRODUCTIVITY AND INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS: PART I
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貸出市場における構造変化の検証
The purpose of this paper is to make a empirical analysis of the adjustment speed of the bank loan rate. The crucial changes occurred in recent Japanese loan market. The previous studies showed that the adjustment speed of the bank loan rate increased. They estimated the parameters of a linear regression system obeying different regimes. They have a problem in that the regressions arn likely to be
税率改正についての考察
This paper considers the issues of gradual reform of not only commodity tax but also factor tax. Using the two-sector model, a simple rule of tax reform is proposed, after the effects of changes of tax rates on the social welfare are examined. This rule, which is expressed in terms of observable economic variables, is applicable however tax rates may be assigned.
DESIRABLE RULES OF MONETARY COORDINATION AND INTERVENTION AMONG A LARGE NUMBER OF COUNTRIES
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the appropriate stabilization rules among a large number of countries. By decomposing the world system into one aggregate and N-1 difference systems, the paper calculates the desirable monetary rules in the N-country model. we find that the optimal monetary rule is a combination of the global monetary rule and the intervention rule. In general, the derived r
WELFARE EFFECTS OF TARIFFS IN FREE-ENTRY OLIGOPOLY UNDER INTEGRATED MARKETS
In this paper I examine the welfare effects of tariffs in international free-entry oligopolies under integrated markets in a two-country world model. I shall show that a small specific (or ad-variorum) tariff imposed by the home country exercises the same welfare effect as a small specific (or ad-variorum) tariff imposed by the foreign country in a free trade equilibrium. These unilateral specific
INCENTIVE REGULATION IN OLIGOPOLY INDUSTRY
The present paper examines the welfare effect of ex post rate-of-return regulation. Unlike the traditional rate-of-return regulation on a monopoly, the regulation is mainly for oligopolistic industries and of the ex post nature. At the end of each year, total revenue of the firms as a whole is calculated. If the revenue is greater than the revenue requirement of all firms, a portion of the excess
動学的生産要素需要システムの推定
In this paper, the dynamic factor demand system that is derived from a firm's dynamic optimization behavior in the presence of adjustment costs is estimated for the Japanese iron and steel industry. The main estimation results we obtain are as follows; (1) The data indicate that adjustment costs for labor are much less important than those for capital. (2) We find that the demands for materials, e
DIRECT SYSTEM OF ECONOMIES WITH INVERSE SYSTEM OF PRICE SPACES
An equilibrium existence theorem for the economy with infinitely many consumers and commodities is proved in a general structure of the direct system of economies. The method of proof is new and direct in the sense that the fixed point argument is applied directly to the inverse limit of price spaces without using the truncation method.
GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM IN AN ECONOMY WITH INCOMPLETE STOCK MARKETS
In an economy with incomplete markets, it is hard to define the objective each firm possesses because it is difficult to evaluate the state contingent net outputs of a firm as current values and aggregate them as the net value of the firm. In this paper, extending Radner's (1972) model of an exchange economy and viewing the relationship between firms and shareholders as noncooperative, we define a
THE SIMPLE MACROECONOMIC TIP MODEL: A WORLD OF KEYNESIAN UNEMPLOYMENT
The purpose of this paper is primarily to assess the policy effect of TIP (Tax-based Incomes Policy) both on the real wage rate and the rate of unemployment. Originally it was stressed that TIP could curb the inflationary wage bargaining process between labour and management. In the early 1980's, however, the major target which TIP pursued was to reduce the rate of unemployment rather than the rat
DUAL DECISIONS OF FIRMS, INVENTORY STOCK, AND QUANTITY EXPECTATIONS
This paper extends existing inventory literature by introducing current and future quantity constraints into a model of inventory holding behavior. It provides a framework for the analysis of the impact of future quantity expectations on current decisions, a concept that is used in the temporary equilibrium with quantity rationing literature but lacks a theoretical rationale. And it also shows tha
MULTIPLE OUTPUT MEASURES OF RETURNS TO SCALE
In a multiple output, multiple input setting, five measures of returns to scale are currently available in the literature. These measures have been useful empirical tools, but there remain some limitations regarding data availability and the choice of behavioral assumptions. To cope with these limitations, we will introduce three new measures of returns to scale and thus will close a gap in the li
ON THE PUBLIC GOOD PROVISION RULE UNDER A NONLINEAR INCOME TAX
The optimal public good provision rule under optimal nonlinear income taxation is analyzed. In this case Pigou's conjecture-the level of a public good should be reduced than the first best level when it is financed by distortionary taxes-is justified under weak conditions. Using the decomposition method in Hatta, et. al. (1988), the following proposition is also shown. The optimal public good prov
A NOTE ON SHORT RUN EFFECTS OF GROWTH ON WELFARE UNDER VARIABLE RETURNS TO SCALE
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不均衡マクロモデルにおける動学分析
The disequilibrium theory developed by Barro-Grossman (1976), Malinvaud (1985), Muellbauer-Portes (1978) etc has contributed toward elaborating the theory of unemployment. Malinvaud expanded the static version of disequilibrium theory into dynamic one. He asserts that Keynesian unemployment is lasting, whereas classical unemployment is transient by nature. His analysis of the assertion, however, i
THE COST OF BORROWED FUNDS BY FIRM SCALE IN JAPAN: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION
Much academic discussion and public policy has been directed toward the issue of the cost of borrowed funds by firm scale in Japan. The traditional wisdom has been that the cost of such funds is much greater for small firms than for large. In this paper, I account for the impact of compensating balances in calculating effective interest rates paid by firms of different size. I find that the proces
TIME-CONSISTENCY, FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET INTERVENTION, AND THE WELFARE EFFECTS OF EXOGENOUS VARIABILITY
This paper investigates a new welfare implication of foreign exchange market intervention under time-consistent monetary policy. When the monetary authority can observe nominal exchange rate instantaneously, there exists an incentive to intervene in foreign exchange market. However, the lower degree of intervention reduces the temptation for the monetary authority to generate unanticipated inflati
MISPERCEPTIONS OF INFORMATION SETS AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
In this paper we discuss the performance of the economy attainable in a situation where both the monetary authority and the public obtain full information on the exogeneous aggregate shock with the orthodox model of new classical macroeconomists like Lucas (1973). The main result of this paper is that if each economic agent interprets such information as its‘private information, ’the performance o
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONWIDE ECONOMETRIC MODEL
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UNVERIFIABLE QUALITIES AND THIRD PARTIES
This paper examines moral hazard problems where performance is unverifiable. In contrast to standard cases, traditional mechanisms fail to achieve the first best outcome if performance, the quality of the product here, is unverifiable. This paper shows that, by using a third party, high quality products can be supplied under perfectly competitive prices and the first best outcome is achieved. Furt
INDUSTRY SPECIFIC INTERESTS AND TRADE PROTECTION: A GAME THEORETIC ANALYSIS
This paper inquires into the effect of choice of protection means, tariffs or quotas, on the economy's protection level for a small country within a specific-factor model when the protection level is determined by the lobbying activities by each industry (non-cooperative game) or jointly by negotiations of all the industries concerned (cooperative game). We will see that strategic interaction amon
COOPERATION AND COMPETITION IN A HETEROGENEOUS OLIGOPOLY MODEL
We utilize a simple two-product-one-factor oligopoly model with ni identical firms in industry i(i=1, 2). Assuming the concavity of the profit functions, this paper will establish, among other things, that (a) if firms behave “more collusively” in an industry, the individual outputs and the aggregate output of the industry diminish and the price increases. In particular, this allows us to compare
THE EMERGENCE OF THE STATE: A GAME THEORETIC APPROACH TO THEORY OF SOCIAL CONTRACT
This paper discusses how a democratic state can emerge as a result of a social contract and how it evolves dynamically in a society with a public good that confronts the Prisoners' Dilemma. Individuals of the society play a game of institutional arrangements to establish a state in which there are two classes: an enforcer who collects tax and has punishing power and enforcees who pay tax. Our main
SOME PROPERTIES OF WEAK DOMINATION IN AN EXCHANGE MARKET WITH INDIVISIBLE GOODS
We investigate general properties of weak domination in the Shapley-Scarf exchange model with indivisible goods. We prove that every weakly dominated allocation is weakly dominated by some competitive allocation. Furthermore, if an allocation does not weakly dominate some other allocation, it is a weakly dominated allocation or the two allocations are indifferent. By using these results, we show t
RESALE-PROOF TRADES OF INFORMATION
This paper presents a model of a trade of information such that resales of it are freely allowed, yet no agent has the incentive to resell after he acquired it. Agents can communicate with each other in advance of the trade, and make an agreement to prevent resales; but the agreement is not binding. The information can be shared in a set of agents only if the agreement is self-enforcing, and we ca
Symposium on Game Theory and Economics
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為替市場の予想形成: G5以降円ドルレートの経験
Using survey data in the Tokyo foreign exchange market we consider the two popular hypothesis that explain the drastic appreciation of the yen after the G5. One hypothesis is that the long-term expected rate is drastically changed and the other is that the coordinated monetary policy moves the expectations of market participants. Standard tests of rational expectations do not give the affirmative
STATISTICAL INFERENCE OF THE JAPANESE <i>M</i><sub>1</sub> AND <i>M</i><sub>2</sub> MONEY DEMAND FUNCTIONS
Using a battery of specification error tests, I find several regime shifts in the Japanese money demand since early 1960's to the present in both M1 and M2CD. I conclude that the real partial adjustment model a la Goldfeld with appropriate interest rate variable, to be solid in terms of sign conditions, significance of estimated coefficients and tests of misspecifications. Estimated M2CD function
THE DETERMINANTS OF JAPAN'S SAVING RATE: THE IMPACT OF THE AGE STRUCTURE OF THE POPULATION AND OTHER FACTORS
In this paper, I analyze the determinants of saving in Japan using national income accounts data for the 1955-87 period. My results suggest that the age structure of the population is the primary determinant of both trends over time in Japan's saving rate and the high level thereof relative to the other developed countries and that Japan's saving rate can be expected to decline sharply due to the
COMPETITION IN THE PRODUCT MARKET AND MANAGERIAL INCENTIVES: THE CASE OF COURNOT EQUILIBRIUM
In this paper, we examine the effect of increasing competitiveness defined by the increase in the number of firms competing in a product market on the risk and incentive of managers of managerial firms. If the costs are perfectly correlated, Cournot competition will reduce the risk each firm must bear and enhance the level of effort of the risk-averse manager. Even in this case, however, free entr
NONLINEAR PRICE SCHEDULES AND MONETARY EQUILIBRIUM
A version of the overlapping generations model is used to analyze consumer behavior and the properties of monetary equilibria if agents are faced with a nonlinear rate-of-return schedule on saving. Optimal individual decisions depend on economic parameters in a non-standard way. Unlike money stocks may be crowded out of the economy by the competitive mechanism. In a long run rational expectations
食品の単位価格と販売単位量に関するノート
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
PRICE, UNCERTAINTY, FLEXIBLE INPUTS AND A FUTURES MARKET
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
準成長循環
This paper examines Harrodian instability by using the model in which a representative firm maximizes its own profit rate taking a subjective demand function into account. The subjective demand function considered by the firm contains the aggregate demand of economy as an important parameter. This implies that the firm would pay attention to the economic state as a whole. The analysis based on thi
THE EFFECT OF INFLATION ON JAPANESE HOMEOWNERSHIP RATES: EVIDENCE FROM TIME-SERIES
This paper develops and estimates a model of Japanese aggregate homeownership rates using annual data for 1958-78 to study the determinants of owner-occupancy rates as well as the effect of inflation on housing tenure choice. We construct the relative prices of owned and rented housing based on the Japanese system. The estimated results suggest that the capital market is imperfect and also that ch
THE CONTINUOUS-TIME APT WITH DIFFUSION FACTORS AND RATIONAL EXPECTATIONS: A SYNTHESIS
The APT is recast as a general theory of arbitrage asset valuation in a model with diffusion factors and rational expectations. Defining betas by factor elasticities of asset prices, the APT-type arbitrage-free condition is reformulated in terms of asset price function. The condition reduces to a partial differential equation with respect to the asset valuation function. The price function, as a s
MONEY SUPPLY vs NOMINAL INCOME TARGETS UNDER MONEY SUPPLY AND MULTIPLIER UNCERTAINTIES
Targeting nominal income is sometimes advocated over targeting money supply because the former is simply one step closer to the ultimate goal of the stabilization of real economic activity. The unsatisfactory records of achieving the money supply target itself are often criticized as well by the advocates of nominal income targeting. In this note, I shall show that the imprecise controllability of
MONETARY NEUTRALITY AND OPTIMALITY IN EQUILIBRIUM MODELS WITH PRIVATE INFORMATION AND A SINGLE ASSET
The neutrality and optimality of countercyclical monetary policy are examined in a representative linear economy featuring competitive equilibria in multiple markets, a single asset, a general monetary feedback rule and rational expectations based on a general representation of private information. Four propositions are developed: (1) a necessary and sufficient condition for the countercyclical ne
PARTIAL CAUSALITY IN MULTIVARIATE STATIONARY TIME SERIES
As a way of analyzing the causal relationship between two sets of vector-valued stationary time series in the presence of a third series, the concept of partial causality is introduced. Some relations between the original system and the partial causality system are shown. We give the distributed lag representation with respect to partial causality. An empirical example of application is reported f
コーホート•データによる消費のライフサイクル仮説の検証
It is widely held that the life-cycle hypothesis of consumption is not accepted by Japanese data. However, this view is not founded on firm evidence. In this paper, the life-cycle hypothesis of consumption is tested using cohort data instead of cross-section data. Consumption function of Ghez-Becker type is applied to our data. The hypothesis is proven to be accepted.
民間の情報集合が確定不可能な場合の経済政策のあり方について
There is a general view that the monetary authority can attain a better performance by using information known only to it. This paper discusses the validity of this view under the situation where the monetary authority does not know the information sets of the private sector. We conclude that while the above view still holds if the information known only to the monetary authority is released to th
DISCLOSURE AND ALLOCATIONS OF INFORMATION IN FINANCIAL MARKETS
This paper analyses, in the context of a financial market, the effects of disclosure of information by firms on information allocations that are consistent with endogenous information collection. It is shown that, as the precision of information disclosed by firms increases, all of the marketed information becomes concentrated within a smaller fraction of traders, but if the precision exceeds a ce
RISK PREMIUMS AND INTERNATIONAL ASSET PRICING
This paper analyzes international asset pricing with a one-period, two-country international asset pricing model (IAPM), and reports the results of empirical tests using a new method suggested by Gibbons and Ferson (1985). The world market portfolio, including exchange risk, plays the most important role in pricing risk of foreign exchange and risky assets. Since investors' investment opportunitie
THE JAPANESE ECONOMY AND ECONOMIC STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENTS
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
EXISTENCE OF A COMPETITIVE EQUILIBRIUM WITH MONEY
In this paper we consider the pure exchange overlapping-generations model with money. This model assumes the double infinity of consumers and commodities. Hence it is not so easy to show the existence of a competitive equilibrium in this model as to show a competitive equilibrium in the finite horizon economy. This paper claims to prove the existence theorem: Under a set of assumptions about consu
関税回避目的の直接投資
Brander and Spencer (1984a) showed the new aspect of the tariff policy in the imperfectly competitive market (rent shifting). This paper examines how welfare is affected and the policy fails when the direct investment is induced by that tariff policy. It is shown, among other things, that (a) welfare of the host country is lowered even compared to the free trade regime when entry is restricted, th
金融の国際化と最適金融政策
Deregulation of Japan's foreign exchange markets has remarkably progressed in 1980s. This paper studies how the deregulation affects the pattern of economic fluctuations and the optimal monetary policy. The monetary authority is assumed to control money supply in response to various exogenous shocks, in order to minimize the weighted average of variances of GNP and the price index. Interestingly,
WHY DO PEOPLE DEMAND LIFE INSURANCE SAVINGS?
If policyholders surrender their level-premium permanent life insurance contracts in favor of a “buy term and invest the cash value by themselves” proposal, would they be better off? In response to such a standing question in life insurance literature, so-called “separatists” recommend that saving and protection elements of life contracts should be separated. Their argument is based on the observa
END-OF-PERIOD AND BEGINNING-OF-PERIOD SPECIFICATIONS OF ASSET EQUILIBRIUM AND BALANCE SHEET IDENTITY
This paper analyzes the structures of end-of-period and beginning-of-period specifications of asset equilibrium under portfolio adjustment costs and intertemporal optimization motives, by distinguishing effective from notional asset demands and planning horizon from market period length. We show: (1) The expectations functions in discrete time converge to continuously differentiable functions of t
CHOICE OF MONETARY POLICY INSTRUMENT WHEN THE FEEDBACK RULE ON PAST DISTURBANCES IS OPTIMALLY CHOSEN
This paper investigates the optimal choice of monetary policy instrument when the feedback rule on past disturbances is optimally chosen. In the analysis, monetary feedback rule is based not only on current interest rate but also on past disturbances. In the neoclassical model where expectations are rational, the choice of monetary instrument can be redundant in stabilizing output. However, in the
HICKSIAN LAWS OF COMPARATIVE STATICS FOR THE DOMINANT DIAGONAL CASE
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
DISTRIBUTIONAL EQUITY AND THE THEORY OF TAX REFORM
This paper considers a trade-off between efficiency and equity which results from a commodity tax reform. First we derive a theoretical proposition which characterizes the efficiency effect and the equity effect brought about by a tax reform. Then, we apply the theoretical result to Japanese liquor tax structure and calculate the welfare variation caused by a tax reform.
OVERHEAD COSTS AND BARRIERS TO ENTRY IN GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS
In dealing with the existence of gains from trade due to overhead costs, Negishi (1969) and (1972) extended Bain-Sylos Labini theory of oligopolistic markets to a general equilibrium framework. In our opinion, Negishi's analysis exhibits several drawbacks which should be clearly spelled out and removed if one wants to have a satisfactory study of barriers to entry in a general equilibrium framewor
ON THE EXISTENCE OF PARETO OPTIMA AND INTEREST COMPETITIVE EQUILIBRIA IN THE GENERATION-OVERLAPPING EXCHANGE ECONOMY
In a general overlapping-generations economy, the existence of a Pareto-optimal allocation is proved by using Zorn's lemma, and the existence of a competitive equilibrium is proved, without truncation, by using Glicksberg's fixed point theorem. The assumptions such as Intertemporal Irreducibility or Intertemporal Resource-relatedness are not needed.
THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENTIAL NATIONAL SAVING RATES ON CURRENT ACCOUNTS, NET FOREIGN DEBTS, AND WELFARE OF COUNTRIES INVOLVED
In wake of the recent Black Monday stock market crash it is often argued that the twin deficits of the U.S. (government) budget and trade are the main causes for the “ailing” U.S. and world economies. It is argued within the framework of a two-country dynamic model that the persistent current account imbalance and its implied national indebtedness are a natural consequence of differential national
THE FIRST MOMENT OF AN ORDINARY LEAST SQUARES ESTIMATE FOR BIVARIATE KOYCK DISTRIBUTED LAG MODELS
A class of models generalizing Koyck distributed lag models is applied to the problem of measuring market response Yt to a communications mix Zt-s consisting of media advertising or promotional expenditures. Rewriting these models as Yt=αYt-1+βZt+error term, α: 2×2, an ordinary least squares (OLS) estimate of α is obtained and the analytical expression for the first moment of an OLS estimate is de
AN EXTENDED VERSION OF SIMS' NONCAUSALITY IN MULTIPLE TIME SERIES AND ITS TEST STATISTIC
An extended version of Sims' noncausality is presented on partitioned subvectors of multiple time series. It is shown that this is not equivalent to “generalized” Granger's noncausality in multiple time series. The necessary and sufficient condition for both Granger's instantaneous noncausality and the extended version of Sims' noncausality to be held is that block matrices of the MA representatio
資本移動のもとでの関税と輸入割当の同等性について
In a specific factor model we examined the equivalence of tariffs and quotas under capital movements. We derived three results. First, both policies become equivalent despite the presence of the foreign capital which is fixed. Second, under free capital mobility, welfare depends only on the domestic price irrespective of the kind of policies. Third, the equivalence breaks down and the quota policy
政治と経済の相互作用の計量経済学的分析
This econometric study is an attempt to build a politico-economic model of Japan. It explicitlyspecifies the interrelationship between policy decision process and economic mechanism. There seems to be a difficulty that political variables are too scarce to build an econometric model. This analysis interpolates many political data, making use of the so-called spline functions, so that our model con
A GENERALIZATION OF THE CARLSON-PARKIN METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF EXPECTED INFLATION RATE
In this article, we generalize the Carlson-Parkin (1975) method for the estimation of expected inflation rates based on qualitative surveys. An important generalization is that in our model, people's responses to the question given can be random while in the Carlson-Parkin method, they are not random. Second, alternative determinations of a threshold value are proposed. Third, the problem is treat
WHY ARE ANNUITY SYSTEMS USED TO REDISTRIBUTE INCOME?
Many people believe that it is undesirable to redistribute income through an annuity system. From an efficiency point of view, it seems to be better to use a tax system to redistribute income. This paper examines the reasons why an annuity system is used to redistribute income, even when the tax system has a redistributive role. Without myopia and capital market imperfections, redistribution throu
ON A NON-LINEAR LEONTIEF SYSTEM
The non-linear Leontief System has been built on the‘Input Function.’The objectives of this paper are to give a micro foundation of input functions in a competitive economy and to examine whether or not standard results remain true in the non-linear environments. The results obtained here are (i) that we can successfully construct an input function from the neoclassical production functions, (ii)
INTERNATIONAL TRADE WITH UNEMPLOYMENT: A NON-WALRASIAN MODEL
This paper adopts a non-Walrasian formulation of the labor market, as suggested by Arrow, Negishi, and Hahn, and constructs a general equilibrium trade model in which unemployment occurs although wage rates adjust. The purpose of the study is to examine the effectiveness of various trade policies on unemployment in different sectors and on income received by factor owners. Different assumptions ab
丸山雅祥著「流通の経済分析-情報と取引」創文社,1988年,viii+250ページ,3800円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
森口親司著「日本経済論」創文社,1988年,xvi+313ページ,2800円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
マクロ的価格変動と推測均衡モデル
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
情報制限,雇用契約,そして特殊訓練
In this paper, we build a two-period model which focuses on On-the-Job training and derive the effects of specific training on wage profiles and on dismissals. The main results we obtain are as follows: (i) Our two period wage-employment contract dominates the familiar repetitive spot contract in the environment of restricted information. (ii) In this contract, the employees are not necessarily di
預金金利の自由化とマクロ経済の安定性
This paper studies the relationship between the abolishment of a deposit interest ceiling and the stability of macroeconomy, using a simple stochastic macroeconomic model. The derived conclusions are as follows; First, the abolishment of a deposit rate ceiling will improve the effectiveness of the economic policy when the economic fluctuation is mainly attributed to the random shock of high-powere
ON THE EXCHANGE OF COST INFORMATION IN A BERTRAND-TYPE DUOPOLY MODEL
This paper deals with the welfare implications of information sharing between Bertrandtype duopolists when there is cost uncertainty. The paper distinguishes itself from the previous work in that it is not restricted to those special cases where goods are physically substitutes or costs are stochastically independent, and in that it carries out a complete analysis of the impact of information pool
ON THE TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY UNDER REGULATION: A CASE FOR THE JAPANESE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY
This paper gives an empirical examination of efficiency of the regulated firm. Rate of return regulation is a typical feature of the public utility environment. The theoretical analysis by Averch-Johnson showed the existence of a regulatory bias toward overcapitalization. We reexamine and elaborate the method of the empirical test for the Averch-Johnson proposition. And we apply it to the Japanese
CONDITIONS ON CONSISTENCY FOR TESTING HYPOTHESES UNDER RATIONAL EXPECTATION BY VECTOR AUTOREGRESSIVE MODELS AND COINTEGRATION
The method of testing the cross-equation restrictions under the rational expectation (RE) hypothesis based upon the fitted vector autoregressive (VAR) time series models has been used. It has been applied to test the cross-equation restrictions implied by the expectation hypothesis for the term structure of interest rates, the present value relation in the stock market, and the efficiency hypothes
ソースティン•ヴェブレンと現代経済学
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
GENERALIZED GROSS SUBSTITUTE SYSTEMS WITH D-STABILITY: A REFORMULATION
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
COURNOT OLIGOPOLY MODEL WITH MULTI-PRODUCT FIRMS
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
A NOTE ON THE STRUCTURE OF INDIRECT TAXATION AND ECONOMIC WELFARE
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
竹下税制改革の厚生分析
The Japanese Tax Reform Act enforced by the Takeshita Administration consists of cutting the income tax with simplification of tax rate structure and introducing the “so-called” shohi zei which is a special type of the value added tax. In general, the tax reform has great influence on the structure of tax burden among different income groups. Unfortunately, however, there have been no welfare anal
SYMPOSIUM ON THE WELFARE ECONOMICS OF TAXATION: PART II
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
BANK MARKET STRUCTURE AND PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM JAPAN
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
SOCIAL CHOICE WITHOUT COMPLETENESS
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AN EFFICIENCY EVALUATION OF THE JAPANESE TAX SYSTEM
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
TAX REFORMS IN A DEBT FINANCED ECONOMY: THE ROLE OF EXPECTATIONS
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
TAXATION OF COMPENSATING WAGE VARIATION
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WHY NOT TAX UNIFORMLY RATHER THAN OPTIMALLY?
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
THE WELFARE EFFECTS OF SHIFTING FROM AN INDIRECT TAX TO A DIRECT TAX
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
THE WELFARE EFFECTS OF INTERNATIONAL TAX HARMONIZATION
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
SYMPOSIUM ON THE WELFARE ECONOMICS OF TAXATION
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
DUALITY BETWEEN GENERALIZED LORENZ CURVES AND DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
対象•選好空間上の連続効用表現定理について
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
開放経済の在庫マクロモデル
Economists have two major stands in international monetary economics. One is the monetary approach, the other is the asset market approach. This paper trys to integrate the two approach, by introducing a goods inventory as an asset. Dornbusch (1976) analyzed an interaction between an asset and a good market by postulating that the asset market is continuously in equilibrium, while the goods market
財政赤字と資本形成
This paper analyzes the long run effects of budget deficits on capital formation and inflation using the concept of the real budget deficit. The paper shows that in the long run the real deficit has policy implications that are opposite to the traditional budget deficit adopted in previous theoretical work. Under the real deficit framework, budget deficits depress capital formation in the debt fin
石油価格変化のマクロ•インパクト
Using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of Japan that integrates real and financial sectors, this paper quantitatively evaluates impacts of oil price changes on the Japanese economy in both industrial and macro levels. The integration of real and financial sectors is a new attempt in the field of CGE studies, which makes it possible to analyze not only such real aspects of industrial pr
A SIMPLE ANALYSIS OF MUTUALLY DISADVANTAGEOUS TRADING OPPORTUNITIES
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
IMPLICIT CONTRACTS AND REPUTATIONS
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SEARCH WHILE CONSUMING
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PRODUCTIVITY AND FACTOR PRICES AS SOURCES OF DIFFERENCES IN PRODUCTION COSTS BETWEEN GERMANY, JAPAN AND THE U.S.
PRODUCTIVITY AND FACTOR PRICES AS SOURCES OF DIFFERENCES IN PRODUCTION COSTS BETWEEN GERMANY, JAPAN AND THE U.S.
ON THE DEGREE OF DEBT NEUTRALITY: SOME EVIDENCE FOR THE JAPANESE ECONOMY
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
JOINT PRODUCTION AND THE NONSUBSTITUTION THEOREM
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
AN ADAPTIVE MODEL OF OLIGOPOLY WITH MULTI-PRODUCT FIRMS
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
COMPARISON OF SINGLE EQUATION METHODS OF PREDICTION IN A SIMULTANEOUS EQUATION SYSTEM
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
AN APPLICATION OF NESTED LOGIT MODELS TO THE LABOR SUPPLY OF THE ELDERLY
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
ON THE INTERNATIONAL COORDINATION OF MACRO POLICIES
Although international coordination of macroeconomic policy-making sounds like a way to improve international relations more generally, there is a serious risk that it will have the opposite effect. An emphasis on international interdependence instead of sound domestic policies makes foreign governments the natural scapegoats for any poor economic performance. Pressing a foreign government to alte
SECOND-MOVER ADVANTAGE IN R&D INNOVATION AND IMITATION IN DYNAMIC OLIGOPOLY
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
EXPECTATIONAL COORDINATION FAILURE
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ON BIG BOSS GAMES
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ON THE NASH SOCIAL WELFARE FUNCTION AND THE CONTINUITY AXIOMS
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
Symposium on Game Theory and Economics
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RECONSTRUCTION OF THE GENERALIZED FUNDAMENTAL MARXIAN THEOREM
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CONDITIONED PREFERENCES AND THE MAXIMIN JUSTICE BETWEEN GENERATIONS
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OPTIMAL RESTRICTION ON FOREIGN TRADE AND INVESTMENT WITH A NONTRADED GOOD
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
PUBLIC PRODUCTION AND THE INCIDENCE OF A CORPORATE INCOME TAX
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
IMPERFECT MARKETS IN MACROECONOMICS
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都市間人口移動と都市交通体系の変化の評価
In this paper, we analyze the following problem, using Alonso-Wheaton type two-city model; when the change of the unit transport cost in a city affects not only the utility level of its residents but also that of the residents in the other city through inter-city migration, how should its change be evaluated? We get the following results: Under an optimal inter-city income transfer, the benefits o
資本•階級•搾取
In this paper, we have the following results. (1) In general, the correspondeces between capital and class, and capital and exploitation don't hold in our model (these relations hold in Roemer (1982)), but the correspondence between class and exploitation holds. (2) We have two examples of nonexistence of exploitation with positive profit (the counter-example of Fundamental Marxian Theorem in our
FINANCIAL LIBERALIZATION AND THE “BILLS-ONLY”DOCTRINE
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
TIME-AGGREGATED INFORMATION AND VOLATILITY OF EXCHANGE RATE
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NATURAL MONOPOLY AND THE INVISIBLE HAND
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
SPECIFIC HUMAN CAPITAL, WAGES AND QUITS IN JAPANESE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
The present paper has developed a two-period model of specific human capital incorporating the decision of the firm on the amount of investment in on-the-job training, and analyzed the effects of the specificity of the skill, formal schooling and unions on the wage and the quit rate by operating compartive statics. This attempt is valuable particularly in discussing the problem of why earnings and
GROWTH POTENTIAL IN A NONCAPITALIST ECONOMY
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
THE ESTIMATION OF A COMPLETE DEMAND SYSTEM USING THE MARGINAL RATES OF SUBSTITUTION
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
TRANSLOGARITHMIC PRODUCTION AND COST FUNCTIONS
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
STATISTICAL INFERENCE OF FUNCTIONAL FORMS FOR INCOME DISTRIBUTION
A large number of functional forms have been estimated for income distribution in Japan with an emphasis on selecting appropriate functional forms. Five estimation procedures, namely (1) Pearsonian β1 and β2 method, (2) matching moments, (3) least squares, (4) minimum chi-square, and (5) maximum likelihood. Some adjustments have been made for correcting the influence of the number of parameters in
“A Stabilization Model” AFTER TWENTY YEARS
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松田和久著「経済計算の理論」千倉書房,1986年,iv+218ページ,3000円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
THE IMPACT OF THE OPENING OF THE PORTS ON DOMESTIC JAPANESE INDUSTRY: THE CASE OF SILK AND COTTON
THE IMPACT OF THE OPENING OF THE PORTS ON DOMESTIC JAPANESE INDUSTRY: THE CASE OF SILK AND COTTON
THE ECONOMY OF CHOSHU ON THE EVE OF INDUSTRIALIZATION
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
THE TOKUGAWA LEGACY: A SURVEY
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中込正樹著「不均衡理論と経済政策」創文社,1985年,xii+172ページ,3500円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
堀江康煕著「現代日本経済の研究-家計貯蓄•消費行動の実証分析」東洋経済新報社,1985,Xiii+223ページ,3500円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
宮尾尊弘著「現代都市経済学」日本評論社,1985年,xiv+228ページ,2800円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
古川顕著「現代日本の金融分析-金融政策の理論と実証」東洋経済新報社,1985年,viii+304ページ,5500円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
丸山義浩著「企業•家計複合体の理論」創文社,1984年,vi+218ページ,3500円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
BEQUEST BEHAVIOR AND THE STEADY-STATE INTEREST RATE
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
失業と雇用保険制度
It is often asserted that the introduction of the new Employment Insurance System (EIS) in 1975 was the main cause of the notable increase in the rate of unemployment after the first oil shock in Japan. In this paper we analyze the causal relationship between the revision of the EIS and unemploy ment behavior by using gross flow data of labor force insured by the old and new insurance schemes. We
中間目標政策と金融構造
This paper puts an important strand to the discussion on the intermediate target policy for income stabilization. We explicitly introduce distinction between money supply (MS) and high-poweredmoney (HPM), a la Horiuchi (1980). MS is used as an intermediate target variable, which implies the level of fund available in the financial market is fixed. In such a case, any real disturbance affects the e
銀行•顧客関係と企業成長
This paper examines the effects of the bank-customer relationship in a corporate growth model with imperfect capital market. Repeated transactions under the customer relationship in the bank loan market are mainly caused by the efficient use of the information accumulated during their past transactions when the bank evaluates the firm's credit worthiness. Advantages from this inside information, h
予想貨幣賃金率と投資決定
Contrary to the static theories of investment, Keynes stated in the General Theory that the reduction of expected money-wage-rates in the future would reduce the investment in quantity. This assertion, however, cannot be supported by the Neo-classical theories such as Jorgenson models or adjustment models of investment. We construct his model described in the General Theory. The main character is
マクロ分配理論の動学的分析
Samuelson-Modigliani developed the dual theorem by applying the neoclassical growth model. We should now ask whether the dual theorem is intrinsic to the macro growth theory or it depends on the neoclassical growth model. This paper examines the dual theorem rather in the Keynesian world. Our model assumes an independent Robinsonian investment function and the KeynesWicksell adjustment process. Ou
池尾和人著「日本の金融市場と組織-金融のミクロ経済学」東洋経済新報社,1985年,xx+220ページ,3900円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
Shunichi Furukawa, International Input-Output Analysis Institute of Developing Economies, Tokyo, 1986, pp. xii+146, $31.00
Shunichi Furukawa, International Input-Output Analysis Institute of Developing Economies, Tokyo, 1986, pp. xii+146, $31.00
STABILITY OF THE LINEAR COURNOT OLIGOPOLY WITH MULTI-PRODUCT FIRMS
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
ON HAUSMAN'S SPECIFICATION TEST
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AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF A CAPITAL GAINS TAX ON LAND
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ESTIMATION OF STRUCTURAL CHANGE IN THE IMPORT AND EXPORT EQUATIONS: AN INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON
ESTIMATION OF STRUCTURAL CHANGE IN THE IMPORT AND EXPORT EQUATIONS: AN INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON
EXPORT-LED ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE CASE OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
MAXIMAL CONDITIONS FOR TRANSITIVITY AND MONOTONIC BINARY SOCIAL DECISION RULES
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SOCIAL SECURITY AND LIFETIME EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT
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MEASUREMENT OF TAX PROGRESSIVITY WHEN THE FORMS OF BOTH INCOME DISTRIBUTION AND TAX FUNCTION ARE GIVEN
This paper derived new measures of tax progressivity where the forms of initial income distribution and of tax function are given. We considered in particular the case in which initial income is distributed log-normally. Several forms of tax function are considered. Attention was paid to investigating whether the form of tax function is crucial in determining the degree of tax progressivity. We ex
経済の「歪み」と安定性
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A MODEL OF INVESTMENT WITH EXTERNAL ADJUSTMENT COSTS
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ON THE EXISTENCE OF FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES
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THE YEN-DOLLAR EXCHANGE RATE
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SOME EVIDENCE ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE FORWARD EXCHANGE MARKETS
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「パシネッティの利潤率決定の理論と貨幣•金融資産」: リプライ
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「パシネッティの利潤率決定の理論と貨幣•金融資産」: コメント
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分益契約とエイジェンシーの理論
Economic theories flourished which sought the determinants of, as well as efficiency implications of, different tenancy arrangements. Theoretical results are in many cases mutually inconsistent; while some assert the inefficiency of share contract due to the adverse incentive effects of output sharing, others emphasize the desirable function of sharecropping as a risk spreading device. In our view
わが国銀行の「規模最大化」行動
This paper investigates the behavioral goal of the Japanese banks have pursued. After constructing a simple model of banking behavior, it is firstly shown that the response of the scale-maximizing banks to changes in the call rate depends on their net position, while that of the profit-maximizing ones does not. Then the proposition is empirically examined by estimating the relation between the res
ON MUTUAL SHARE HOLDING BY CORPORATIONS
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
ON VARIABILITY OF EXCHANGE RATES
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NEAR-MARKETS AND MARKET GAMES
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ロッテルダム•モデルによる需要理論の検証
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季節調整と日本におけるセントルイス方程式
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ENTERPRISE UNIONISM IN THE MCDONALD-SOLOW MODEL
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MONTE CARLO STUDIES ON A LINEAR MODEL WITH AUTOCORRELATED ERROR TERMS
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CAPITAL CONTROLS AND COVERED INTEREST PARITY BETWEEN THE YEN AND THE DOLLAR
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
ECONOMIES WITH LABOR INDIVISIBILITIES
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MARX'S TRANSFORMATION PROBLEM AND SRAFFA'S STANDARD COMMODITY
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小野善康著「国際企業戦略と経済政策-対外事業と規制の経済学」東洋経済新報社,1985年,v+213ページ,4200円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
尾高煌之助著「労働市場分析-二重構造の日本的展開」岩波書店,1984年,xxviii+322ページ,5000円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
皆川正著「不均衡過程の経済理論」創文社,1983年,vi+213ページ,3000円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
翁邦雄著「期待と投機の経済分析-「バブル」現象と為替レート」東洋経済新報社,1985年,xvii+192ページ,3600円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
田口時夫著「経済分析と多次元解析-新しい計量空間の形成と展望」東洋経済新報社,v+237ページ,5800円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
山澤逸平著「日本の経済発展と国際分業」東洋経済新報社,1984年,xvii+261ページ,4800円
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
Masahiko Aoki, <i>The Cooperative Game Theory of the Firm, </i> Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984, pp. 228, £ 19. 5
Masahiko Aoki, The Cooperative Game Theory of the Firm, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984, pp. 228, £ 19. 5
STRATEGIC ASPECTS OF INTERNATIONAL FISCAL INTERDEPENDENCE
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THE EFFECTS OF COORDINATED FOREIGN EXCHANGE INTERVENTION IN AN EXCHANGE-RATE UNION
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
EFFECTS OF ANTICIPATED REAL SUPPLY SHOCKS AND COORDINATED MONETARY ACCOMMODATION
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
MONETARY POLICIES IN INTERDEPENDENT ECONOMIES: A STRATEGIC APPROACH
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
REAL EXCHANGE RATES, INTEREST RATES AND FISCAL POLICIES
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A NOTE ON QUICK STABILITY CHECKS FOR LINEAR DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
THE EFFECT OF FIRM'S CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON THE VALUATION IN FINANCIAL MARKETS
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
JOINT PRODUCTION AND A DISCONTINUOUS SWITCH ON THE WAGE-PROFIT FRONTIER
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
SOME DEMAND THEORY IN CONTINUOUS MODELS
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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WHOLESALE AND RETAIL PRICES AND SPECULATION
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
ECONOMIES WITH LABOR INDIVISIBILITIES
Online ISSN : 2185-4416 Print ISSN : 0557-109X ISSN-L : 0557-109X
MARX AND BÖHM-BAWERK
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谷口静浩著『ハイデッガーの思惟と宗教への問い―宗教と言語を巡って』
Online ISSN : 2424-1865 Print ISSN : 0289-7105 ISSN-L : 0289-7105
下田和宣著『宗教史の哲学―後期ヘーゲルの迂回路』
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松井吉康著『存在の呪縛』
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永井晋著『〈精神的〉東洋哲学―顕現しないものの現象学』
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丸山空大著『フランツ・ローゼンツヴァイク―生と啓示の哲学』
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澤井義次・鎌田繁編『井筒俊彦の東洋哲学』
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鬼頭葉子著『時間と空間の相克―後期ティリッヒ思想再考』
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田辺元の宗教哲学における個の行為の性質
It is well known that Tanabe Hajime (1885-1962) considered individuals’ praxis as a core concept of his philosophy. This paper aims to clarify the nature of individuals’ praxis especially in his philosophy of religion: “metanoetics” (1944-1953). For this purpose, we have to go back to the works before “metanoetics,” as Tanabe did not explain about praxis in detail during “metanoetics.” In other wo
田辺元『キリスト教の辯證』における終末論と社会的実践の連関についての考察
This paper aims to elucidate the content and position of the eschatology which he emphasized, and to clarify the features of Tanabe Hajime’s understanding of Christianity, based on his work “Demonstration of Christianity”. The following three points are the characteristics of Christianity considered by Tanabe; (1) Christianity is a religion that carries out social practice in its essence, (2) Chri
人間はエゴイズムを克服できるか？
Können Menschen den Egoismus überwinden? Schopenhauers Philosophie zufolge kann das nur ein mystischer „Weltüberwinder“, der sich ohne Interesse beherrscht, obzwar es sehr mühselig ist, so zu sein. Nun haben einige Forscher den Weltüberwinder als „tatenlos“ und „negativ“ kritisiert. Aber ich habe in dieser Abhandlung versucht, die Aktivität des Weltüberwinders neu zu erklären, indem ich „die büßen
戦争と狂熱
Dans sa méditation sur les mobiles de l’action, Kant mentionne l’illusion nommée « exaltation morale (moralische Schwärmerei) ». Il s’agit d’une illusion qui touche au Bien suprême, qui sert de thème capital à l’Analytique de la raison pratique et constitue la première condition du souverain Bien dont traite la Dialectique de la raison pratique. Le but de cette étude consiste à expliciter la const
宗教哲学はいま浄土教の何を問うべきか
Die Religionsphilosophie des Jōdo-Buddhismus wurde von Takeuchi Yoshinori begonnen. Er versteht den Jōdo-Buddhismus in einer scharfen Spannung zwischen Logik und Glauben. In seinen letzten Lebensjahren erforschte er im Kontext des Jōdo-Buddhismus, wie der Glaube des Menschen in der Welt der Gegenwart sein soll, und zwar ein Gespräch mit den europäischen theologischen und philosophischen Gedanken d
親鸞教学と京都学派の交流する場所
In Japan, no Buddhist sect founder is as popular as Shinran today in terms of the reach of his teachings, which has come to be accepted across all different schools. In relation to this phenomenon, the writer shall try to seek answers to two key questions: 1) why Shinran? And 2) what is the truth of “Shinran” referred to by everyone? With these questions in mind, this paper shall try to uncover a
浄土教の象徴的行為
Although the relationship between nembutsu (or true practice) and shinjin (or true entrusting) is said to constitute the center of Shinran Pure Land Buddhism, research from the modern period up to the present has focused mainly on studies of shinjin. In recent years, there have been attempts to elucidate Shinran’s concept of shinjin using a psychological perspective on the Buddha’s teachings, or t
竹村牧男著『井上円了―その哲学・思想』
Online ISSN : 2424-1865 Print ISSN : 0289-7105 ISSN-L : 0289-7105
佐藤啓介著『死者と苦しみの宗教哲学―宗教哲学の現代的可能性』
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長町裕司著『エックハルト〈と〉ドイツ神秘思想の開基―マイスター・ディートリッヒからマイスター・エックハルトへ』
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上原麻有子編 <i>Philosopher la traduction/Philosophizing Translation</i>
Online ISSN : 2424-1865 Print ISSN : 0289-7105 ISSN-L : 0289-7105
田辺元の宗教哲学における「真の個」について
Tanabe Hajime (1885-1962) started developing his philosophy of religion, which he dubbed “philosophy as metanoetics,” from late 1944 by critically reexamining his earlier idea of the “logic of species” (1934-41). Therefore, his “philosophy as metanoetics” inherited the basic scheme of the “logic of species.” Tanabe deemed the concept of “species,” which was central to his philosophy, an essential
マルティン・ブーバーの聖書解釈
This paper presents considerations on the significance of myth, evil, and imagination in the religious thought of the Jewish philosopher Martin Buber, as seen in his biblical hermeneutics. According to Claire E. Sufrin, a scholar of modern Jewish thought and theology, Buber chose the term “saga,” not “myth,” in his hermeneutics. This paper, however, clarifies that myth—not only the term but also i
ウィリアム・ジェイムズにおける宗教的な経験と実在
In his Pragmatism and The Meaning of Truth, William James accounted for and developed his own theory of truth. For James, truth is the agreement of an idea with reality and this agreement has to be verified in our actual experience. From this point of view, reality means sensible experience. These notions about truth, reality and experience are not so difficult to understand as long as we deal wit
生ける死者との交わり
In this paper I would like to pursue two questions regarding the Passio Sanctarum Perpetuae et Felicitatis. The first is why Perpetua, a noble and educated young woman in Carthago, in 203 CE chose martyrdom, being fully aware of her death. The second question concerns the relation between the historical figure of Perpetua and the Passio as a literary product. It is often said that recounts of mart
〈死者の尊厳〉の根拠
Empirically, we say of the “Dignity of the dead”, which corresponds to the dignity of human being. On the other hand, theoretically, we don’t understand why and to what degree the dead should have the dignity. This article intends to found this reason and construct the foundation for the general ethics of the dead. The strategy in this article would be called “ethics of the dead from below”, which
聖土曜日における人間
The relation of the dead and the living is examined against the background that the contemporary Christian faith is not a process of mastering the ready-made doctrines, but a personal experience of looking for the true life of Christ. Here, the most important emphasis is put on the mourning work by the living person with repentance for the absent deceased loved one. The idea of Holy Saturday in th
物語的現実としての霊
In contemporary society, people are increasingly less likely to reject spirits on the grounds that they are not scientifically verifiable. Rather, they accept the reality of spirits if narratives about them heal the narrators. This article describes this phenomenon as the rise of a “narrative reality” of spirits. In order to understand this new attitude, I refer to psychological theories about the
星川啓慈著『宗教哲学論考―ウィトゲンシュタイン・脳科学・シュッツ』
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高田信良著『宗教としての仏教』
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華園聰麿著『宗教現象学入門―人間学への視線から』
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澤井義次著『シャンカラ派の思想と信仰』
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布施圭司著『ヤスパース 交わりとしての思惟―暗号思想と交わり思想』
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チャールズ・テイラーの認識論と宗教史
In this article, we explore the point on which Charles Taylor’s two independent arguments converge. The historical account of religion in A Secular Age on the one hand and the philosophical criticism of modern epistemology in Retrieving Realism on the other have in common the insight that the body is essential for us. In A Secular Age, Taylor shows how the work of Reform and its consequent effect
超限と無限
Die vorliegende Abhandlung widmet sich dem Vorhaben, László Tengelyis Auslegung der Phänomenologie Husserls als „phänomenologische Metaphysik“ zu erklären. Tengelyi stellt im dritten Teil seines Werkes Welt und Unendlichkeit (2014) dar, dass Husserls Phänomenologie über das Unendliche zugleich eine Affinität und eine Diskrepanz mit Cantors Behandlung des Transfiniten zeigt. Die Affinität liegt dar
優美と英雄
Dans cet essai, nous nous proposons d’élucider le rôle de la « grâce » chez Ravaisson en vue de révéler le sens de sa métaphysique dans sa totalité, notamment la structure de sa téléologie et de sa théologie. La notion de « grâce » a un double sens : d’une part, celui de charme indéfinissable ; d’autre part, celui de don surnaturel que Dieu accorde aux hommes pour leur salut. La méthode philosophi
キルケゴールと世俗化
This article reconfigures Kierkegaard’s thought, focusing on four points revolving around secularization: the worldly, history, Christendom and internalization. In the middle of the 19th century Denmark, some people had already begun to transform Christianity into a worldly one. Such move may seem like a practical way to prolong the life of Christianity amid difficulties of having faith in the age
宗教研究は脳科学・認知科学の展開にどう向かいあうか
Neuroscience and cognitive science have undergone explosive advances since the 1990s, the effects of which have even been felt on religious studies. I will explore here what new perspectives these developments might generate by looking at two specific issues. The first is that of what concepts of kami (deity), imi (taboo) and kegare (pollution) exist in modern Shinto. The second is connected to re
超越的次元のゆくえ
Neuroscience is almost able to estimate and control our states of consciousness. It is close to controlling even our spiritual pain or fear of death, which has been addressed by religion. This is almost an attempt to repeat the experience of transcendence by using scientific technology. In this paper, we examine where the transcendent dimension will be, as neuroscience develops. Then, we examine t
宗教哲学にとっての脳神経科学の意義
The purpose of this paper is to rearrange the discussions about what the significance of neuroscience, which is currently rapidly developing, for philosophy of religion has and then to prospect the possibility of neuroscience in relation to philosophy of religion. First of all, our discussion begins after confirming that philosophy of religion understood in this paper includes both philosophy of r
Christopher Harding, Iwata Fumiaki, Yoshinaga Shin’ichi（eds.） <i>Religion and Psychotherapy in Modern Japan</i>
Christopher Harding, Iwata Fumiaki, Yoshinaga Shin’ichi（eds.） Religion and Psychotherapy in Modern Japan
井上克人著『〈時〉と〈鏡〉 超越的覆蔵性の哲学―道元・西田・大拙・ハイデガーの思索をめぐって』
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長谷正當著『本願とは何か―親鸞の捉えた仏教』
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薗田坦著『無底と意志-形而上学─ヤーコプ・ベーメ研究─』
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鈴木大拙における妙好人研究の位置づけ
D. T. Suzuki (1870-1966) is a philosopher of Zen Buddhism known as a person who introduced it to the West. He is known for studies not only about Zen but also Pure Land thought on Buddhism, and he was certain that there was a kind of common state between Zen and Pure Land thought. He studied about both Zen and Pure Land thought all his life, in particular, his thought achieved remarkable developme
宗教史の哲学
Das Ziel des Aufsatzes liegt darin, die philosophische Beschreibung der Religionsgeschichte von Hegel in Berliner Zeit als ›Philosophie der Religionsgeschichte‹ zu formulieren. Im Rahmen der Geistesphilosophie Hegels gilt die Entwicklung der geschichtlichen Kulturreligionen als Realisierung des Religionsbegriffs. Hier tauchen weder Gottestheorie noch Gefühlsmoment, sondern kulturelle geschichtlich
死を語る言葉をどのように聞くか
Obwohl schon immer viele Sprüche und Redewendungen unsere Sterblichkeit zum Thema hatten, hören wir ihre Worte meist nur „mit halbem Ohr“. Indem ich mich auf die „existenziale Analyse des Todes“ in Sein und Zeit, dem fruheren Hauptwerk Heideggers, beziehe, versuche ich in diesem Aufsatz, deutlich zu machen, was es heißt, dass wir die Worte eigentlich hören. In Sein und Zeit bezeichnet Heidegger de
近代日本仏教の一場面
During the turbulent times from the end of the Edo period to the early Meiji period in Japan, the influence of Buddhism had been declining due to the unceasing whirlwind of anti-Buddhist movements and the accelerating modernization by the Western Impact. Among this historic setting, Dr. Enryo Inoue, the founder of TOYO University, who was born and raised in the branch temple of Higashi-honganji-te
鈴木大拙における「禅」の発見
D. T. Suzuki (Suzuki Daisetz)'s presentation of “Zen” should be viewed as an attempt to give a prescription for illnesses caused by our modern living. In this sense, he uses the term “Zen” from a new and modern viewpoint, and so it is necessary to draw a line between his “Zen” and traditional Zen Buddhism. In this article, I examine his early work Môzô-Roku (妄想録) in order to demonstrate that he wa
宗教と哲学
Wir können aus seinem ersten Buch Shukyo Tetsugaku Gaikotsu (Skelett der Religionsphilosophie) wissen, dass Kiyozawa für das Problem „Philosophie und Religion“ ein starkes Interesse hatte. Dieser Buchtitel zeigt, von welchem Standpunkt aus er sich mit dem Problem der Religion zu beschäftigen suchte. Er wollte von dem Standpunkt der Philosophie oder der Wissenschaft aus fragen, was die Religion sei
R・L・ウィルケン 著（土井健司訳）『古代キリスト教思想の精神』
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田鍋良臣 著『始源の思索─ハイデッガーと形而上学の問題』
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岩田文昭 著『近代仏教と青年―近角常観とその時代』
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ヤン・ヴァン・ブラフト師と宗教間対話
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井筒俊彦の東洋哲学とスフラワルディー哲学
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ウィリアム・ジェイムズの多元的存在論とベルクソンの持続の存在論
It is often said that William James and Henri Bergson share a lot of ideas on philosophy: the importance of direct experience, the anti-intellectualism, the notion of reality as changing, etc. There is, however, a fundamental difference between them, which is strongly connected with the core of James’s philosophical thought as well as that of Bergson’s. The purpose of this study is to compare the
ライプニッツにおける人間の知性・情念・意志
In his epoch-making study, Bertrand Russell criticized Leibniz’s ethics as “a mass of inconsistencies.” Leibniz formally emphasizes human responsibility for his/her wrong actions, and affirms the possibility of following reason in spite of the attraction of sensible pleasure. Nevertheless, Russell insisted that Leibniz’s hidden philosophy, which he really held, necessarily concludes an extreme int
ニーチェにおけるニヒリズムと身体
Die Absicht dieses Aufsatzes ist es, die Beziehung zwischen dem Problem vom Nihilismus und Nietzsches Verständnis des menschlichen Leibes zu erörtern und die Wichtigkeit dieser Problematik für Nietzsche zu erklären. Der Nihilismus bedeutet, nach Nietzsche, zuerst eine gewisse Trennung von dem Ich und der Welt. Für das menschliche Ich sind die Werte, wie z.B. Nützlichkeit, Schönheit, Heiligkeit, us
オイゲン・ヘリゲル『弓と禅』における修行
In „Zen in der Kunst des Bogenschießens“ schildert Eugen Herrigel den von ihm durchlaufenen Lern- und Übungsprozess unter Anleitung eines Meisters, für den die Essenz des Bogenschießens im Zen liegt. Herrigel führt aus, wie er durch die Übung des Bogenschießens zur Erfahrung der „absichtslosen Ichlosigkeit“ gelangt. In dieser Arbeit wird auf der Grundlage von Herrigels Werk analysiert, wie die Tra
西田における歴史的身体と身体を越えたもの
Later Nishida found a clue about how to analyze the structure of the human being that acts in the world of historical reality within the problem of the body. Nishida noticed that the human being possesses a body and makes things outside of himself by using it as a tool. This implies, on the one hand, that he has creative freedom, which other animals do not possess. However, on the other hand it is
心身論の射程と祈りの変容
Theories of mind-body relationship can be classified into two ideal types: a mind-body separate theory and a mind-body integrative one. The former asserts that mind exists separated from body, and the latter that mind and body must be integrated into one. In modern French thought, Henri Bergson's philosophy belongs to the former, and Gabriel Marcel's philosophy the latter. Bergson affirmed that th
ジャン・ナベール 著 （杉村靖彦訳） 『悪についての試論』
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伊藤慶郎 著『シュライアマハーの対話的思考と神認識 ― もうひとつの弁証法』
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棚次正和 著『超越する実存 ― 人間の存在構造と言語宇宙』
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杉本耕一 著『西田哲学と歴史的世界 ― 宗教の問いへ』
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「フィロゾフィー・ジャポネーズ」という冒険
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知の不可能性において語る声
Dieser Aufsatz beschäftigt sich damit, Derridas Lektüre Husserls in Die Stimme und das Phänomen (1967) unter dem Leitfaden der Diskrepanz zwischen dem Erkennen, dem Meinen und dem Ausdrücken zu erklären, und dadurch zu zeigen, dass diese Lektüre den Husserl’schen uneingestandenen Verrat des Glaubens am Wissen jenseits des Wissens, in der Gestalt des Ausdrucks des Meinens ohne Erkennen, ans Licht b
否定とは別の仕方で
Dans la préface rédigée pour la réédition de son propre livre Le temps et l’autre, Levinas reconnaît « les insuffisances » de cet écrit de jeunesse : l’autre avait été, dans ce livre, désigné comme si c’était un « simple objet », et défini par des expressions négatives telles que « je ne suis pas l’Autre » ou « Autrui (…) est ce que je ne suis pas ». Mais en introduisant dans ses recherches les pr
現代キリスト教思想における動物倫理の位置付け
This article explores the status of animal ethics in contemporary Christian thought, considering traditional theological interpretations of animals. The subject of animal ethics is dominated by two different theories. In the utilitarian approach, Peter Singer argues for freeing animals from human domination (“animal liberation”), while according to Tom Regan’s imperative approach, individual anima
記憶から創造へ
Cet article a pour but de préciser le point divergent de la notion de mémoire et de celle de création dans l’itinéraire philosophique chez Bergson. Dans Matière et mémoire, il établit avec la figure des « plans de conscience » la théorie sur la mémoire, d’après laquelle nous donnons un sens à la perception en y projetant l’image-souvenir qui lui ressemble. Bergson approfondit cette théorie de la m
あの世、そして恋する身体
En partant de l’analyse phénoménologique des entretiens effectués avec les infirmières et les sages-femmes, je voudrais dégager quelques points qui touchent ce qu’on pourrait appeler « religiosité » au milieu même de notre civilisation non-religieuse. D’abord, l’infirmière recourt implicitement mais très souvent à l’« utopie », à savoir à un temps irréalisable où le patient et la famille retrouven
世俗と宗教の翻訳可能性
For last 20 years, Jürgen Habermas has been engaged in the question about religion in the public sphere. His postmetaphysical thinking from 1980s and the postsecularization theory form the premise of this argument. In the late 80s, he has already stated that religion has the source of meaning which needs to be translated for the mutual discourse. Habermas considers the relationship between the sec
横臥の思想
Oshida Shigeto was a peculiar Dominican monk who founded a unique community Takamori-sōan as an immanent self-criticism to cure the ossified Catholicism. His religious philosophy worked positively as a devil’s advocate as a result. Oshida listened intensively to what he called koto-kotoba, proto-word derived from the primordial dimension of an existence that can be found in the midst of nature ins
宗教の門の前で
As the story of the Buddha’s “Great Renunciation” suggests, it is very difficult for urban people to face aging, sickness and death. Urban culture seeks to cover up and ignore these misfortunes and many modern people in the city live without religion. Yoshimoto Takaaki, who wrote The Last Shinran, was able to disengage himself from urban culture and face death as Shinran did. However he was unable
「脱宗教」時代の「宗教」
Diagnoses of the role of religion in contemporary life are nothing new. Since the beginning of the modern era, as the plausibility of Christianity was increasingly questioned and the general concept of religion became popular, religious diagnosis of the time (Zeitdiagnose) played an important role as a narrative form and as a discursive means to re-define and re-imagine the realm of religion. Cont
岡村康夫 著『無底と戯れ―ヤーコプ・ベーメ研究』
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松原詩乃 著『シモーヌ・ヴェイユのキリスト教―善なる神への信仰』
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川口茂雄 著『表象とアルシーヴの解釈学―リクールと『記憶、歴史、忘却』』
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芦名定道・星川啓慈 編『脳科学は宗教を解明できるか？』
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レヴィナスとSSの顔
D’après Totalité et Infini, le « visage » est un mode de phénomène par lequel autrui qui commande « tu ne commettras pas de meurtre » apparaît au sujet comme un absolument faible, dépourvu de tout pouvoir. Puisque le visage se définit de cette manière, il faudrait, à la limite, que nous puissions reconnaître ce visage faible même dans un meurtrier. Certes, Levinas n’a pas explicitement développé c
護教家教父思想における神の場所の問題
Apologists preached the existence of God using the argument in the Old Testament. Because the complete New Testament was absent in the second century, the Old Testament played a great role in the Christian doctrine. However this was no match for discussion with the philosophers of the day, since it was written for the Jews thousands of years before. Consequently, they must have tried to answer opp
人間の権利について
This paper considers on human right according to Spinoza’s theory of individual thing. For that reason, mainly from two sides of Spinoza’s ontology and epistemology, we examine this problem. In the first place, to make clear the meanings of ‘individual thing’ and ‘particular thing’, we validate Spinoza’s argument. Herewith, it is revealed that individual thing expresses individual providence and u
神秘の喪失
Simone Weil was deeply concerned about the change from classical to modern science in the early 1900s. Her concern was that the notion of truth and the mystery supporting it disappeared in this change. According to her, science involves the mystery, whereby our refusal of the world by regarding it mathematically leads, strangely, to its restitution to us like a windfall. Thus the world is given at
「ドリー」と「人間園」
Ian Wilmut’s Dolly the Cloned Sheep (1977) and Peter Sloterdijk’s Regeln für den Menschenpark (1999) have combined to raise new questions about the essence of the life. The cloning technique that made the birth of Dolly possible has not yet, as far as we know, to be attempted on human beings. It does not seem that the Menschenpark (human park), a society in which our lives are controlled totally b
「いのち」をめぐるバイオエシックス
Bioethics was established in the U.S. in the late 1960s and 1970s. It has an aspect of a social movement in that it ‘protects lives’ of subjects and patients in a vulnerable position. Organized medical crime, inhuman army medical research, and human experiments during World War II conducted by Nazi Germany were among the important incidents that contributed to the establishment of the core concept
医学概論・医療思想（史）からみた生命倫理問題
This paper shows 1) the ‘specific etiology’ (as the basic principle of contemporary medicine) divides people’s lives into two categories; ‘normal’/healthy or ‘abnormal’/ill or ‘disabled’; and 2) particularly by the very medicine those who are classified seriously ill or challenged(or ‘disabled’) have been usually stigmatized and treated as ‘carriers’ (with HIV, leprosy, ‘genetic disorders’, ‘psych
いのちへの問いと生命倫理
The field called ‘bioethics’ emerged in 1960s as a response to the new ethical problems given rise to by advances in medical technology. Though such medical technology has made us possible to control our life and enlarge our choice, it also has imposed us to question the essence of human existence: What is life, what is death, what are human beings? The mainstream of bioethics as a discipline, how
伊原木大祐 著『レヴィナス 犠牲の身体』
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茂 牧人 著『ハイデガーと神学』
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安藤泰至 編『「いのち」の思想を掘り起こす―生命倫理の再生に向けて』
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星川啓慈 著『宗教と〈他〉なるもの―言語とリアリティをめぐる考察』
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落合仁司 著『数理神学を学ぶ人のために』 、『カントル 神学的数学の原型』
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ヤスパースの良心論
In der Geschichte der Philosophie wird die Frage des Gewissens auf verschiedene Weisen behandelt. Das Wort Gewissen besteht aus der Vorsilbe „ge“ in der Bedeutung „mit“ und dem Verbum „wissen“. Das Gewissen als „Mit-Wissen“ hat verschiedene Formen. In diesem Beitrag behandeln wir „das autonome Gewissen“, das von Heidegger und Jaspers gründlich erörtert wurde. In der modernen Philosophie ist Heideg
神話・自然・詩作
Das Denken Heideggers in seinen späteren Jahren wird oft als „mythisch“ gekennzeichnet. Ein gutes Beispiel dafür ist sein Begriff „Geviert“, der sich auf den Wohnraum des Menschen bezieht. Es scheint eine mythische Weltanschauung zu sein, wenn er behauptet, dass der Begriff „Geviert“ aus den Vier Erde, Himmel, die Göttlichen und die Sterblichen besteht. Diese Konzeption ist auf seine Hölderlinfors
後期へルマン・コーエンの宗教哲学とメシアニズム
Hermann Cohen is one of the best known German philosophers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He developed a highly idealistic system of philosophy, which he believed provided a basis for all science. In his later years, he began to write about religion. Although he tried to argue the theme within his system of philosophy, the system could not hold the argument because of Cohen’s special a
田辺元における対他関係の問題
Nach Auffassung von Tanabe Hajime ist die Logik der Spezies eins der besonders wichtigen und interessanten Themen. Die Verbindungen mit anderen, die Tanabe in seinen Gedanken über die Logik der Spezies erörtert, haben einen anderen Charakter als Tanabes Gedanken in späteren Jahren. In seinen Gedanken über die Logik der Spezies charakterisiert Tanabe die Verbindungen eines Individuums mit einem and
レヴィナス、アンリ、反宇宙的二元論
Malgré l’impropriété de l’épithète «théologique», Le tournant théologique de la phénoménologie française de Dominique Janicaud avait raison de faire remarquer que les pensées des phénoménologues d’inspiration religieuse, tels E. Levinas, J.-L. Marion et M. Henry, marquaient un tournant ou une mutation dans l’histoire de la phénoménologie française. De fait, elles rompent avec la phénoménologie ort
レヴィナスの草稿A群と講演「メタファー」における隠喩論
Malgré sa condamnation de la rhétorique dans Totalité et infini (1961), Levinas écrit de nombreuses notes concernant la métaphore entre 1960 et 1972, et fait une conférence intitulée «La Métaphore» au Collège Philosophique en 1962. Cet article a pour objet de clarifier, par une étude détaillée de ces matériaux, sa déclaration suivante : «La métaphore par excellence est Dieu». Nous commençons par r
現象学の〈神学的転回〉
«Tournant théologique de la phénoménologie» est un événement qui apporte la transformation radicale à la phénoménologie ainsi qu’à la théologie par rapport à celles «classiques». Dans l’article qui suit, nous essayons d’interpréter les trois modalités de l’expérience de Dieu dans les trois monothéismes : Incarnation dans le christianisme, Herméneutique du Texte-Saint dans la mystique juive et Imag
他性と神
Exista-t-il vraiment «le tournant théologique de la phénoménologie française» au sens d’une déviation de la phénoménologie, comme le soutient D. Janicaud? Nous chercherons à y répondre négativement, examinant la relation entre la transcendance divine et la phénoménologie chez Marion, Lévinas et Henry, et cela en considérant le rapport entre l’altérité d’autrui et celle de Dieu, celui-ci étant pens
細谷昌志著『根源的構想力の論理』
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松田美佳著『マイスター・エックハルトの生の教説』
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仲原孝著『ハイデガーの根本洞察―「時間と存在」の挫折と超克』
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氣多雅子著『西田幾多郎『善の研究』』
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希望を知ることによる自由
本研究の目的は、ポール・リクールの論文「希望による自由」（1969）で提示された、「根元悪」をめぐる解釈の独自性を示すことにある。われわれはまず、リクールが採用する方法的態度としての「哲学者のアプローチ」という観点から、論文全体の構成を示し、次に、この論文に固有の問題系を、根元悪という問題を軸として明らかにする。 根元悪をめぐるリクール的解釈の独自性は、通常、『実践理性批判』の分析論との関係で理解される根元悪という概念を、『純粋理性批判』および『実践理性批判』の弁証論との関係で理解する点にある。それによって、最高善の実現を要求する実践的主体が不可避的に陥る倒錯を、人間の理性が不可避的に陥る超越論的仮象の一環として、いわば、カント的批判の遂行動機に立ち返って理解しようとする点にある。この根深い仮象にまつわるさらなる倒錯を、リクールは、根元悪と呼ぶのである。リクール的意味における根元悪という問
レヴィナスにおける主体の脱領域化
Den Begriff der Religion als Reife der Vernunft darstellend, beschreibt Levinas den Glauben als das, was durch das Wissen angetrieben wird. Indem er andererseits versucht, den Begriff der Religion von allen Arten der Mystifikation zu befreien, betrachtet er ihn als „Beziehung ohne Beziehung“, die über die Glaubensfähigkeit des Subjekts hinausgeht und sich dadurch jenseits von allem möglichen Wisse
ジャンニ・ヴァッティモの宗教論
Gianni Vattimo, who is an Italian contemporary philosopher, regards the process of secularisation as a neccesary event of the history of Being. For, interpreting Heideggerian Being with Verwindung, Vattimo thinks Being itself derives from its presence. This proccess of Being’s derivation has affinity with Christianity. The God in Christianity has incarnated into the human Christ, and Vattimo inter
鈴木大拙の浄土思想
In general, Suzuki Daisetsu is known well as a man of Zen Buddhism. However, he had also deep concern and understanding about Shin Buddhism, and taught us much of it. The aim of this paper is inquiring into his thought of the Land of Purity. For that, we approached this matter from the following three points of view: First in the section 1, we inquired into how Daisetsu saw Teaching of the Land of
近代仏教史における鈴木大拙
The writings of Suzuki Daisetsu (1870-1966) sometimes cause misunderstanding and unnecessary criticism because they often depended on their historical contexts. It seems necessary to examine his biography to understand his writings. In this lecture I pick up the few years between Suzuki’s entering the University of Tokyo (1892) and leaving for America (1897) , and show the relationship between Suz
鈴木大拙先生との出会い
When I first met D. T. Suzuki to ask if I might study Buddhism under his instruction, he told me all I needed to do was become Namuamidabutsu itself. Looking back over the twenty-eight months I spent with him, I realised for the very first time the other day, a good forty-five years after his death, that for all those months, through the kindness of his deeds and actions, he had been leading me to
村田充八著『宗教の発見―日本社会のエートスとキリスト教』
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京都学派の「宗教／哲学」
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ユダヤの宗教哲学について
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宗教学的宗教哲学の試み
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「キリスト教の哲学」は可能か
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宗教と生命倫理をめぐる日本の議論の現状と課題
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リクールにおける正義の逆説と赦し
A partir des années 80, le thème de la justice apparaît au premier plan des considérations philosophiques de Paul Ricœur. Pour lui, la réflexion concernant la justice a été guidée par le motif de s'interroger sur le social. Or, quand Ricœur considère le problème de la justice, il traite cette question simultanément avec les concepts de l'amour ou du pardon, concepts qui ont souvent une implication
プロティノスの流出論における意識の展開
Selon Plotin, l’émanation de l’Un est à la fois la procession de l’être et celle de la conscience. Le but de cet article est de réfléchir sur notre consciense religieuse en reconstruisant l’émanation plotinienne comme déroulement de la conscience. L’Un transcende la cognition, mais il n’est pas ce qui est inconscient. Il a une “simple intuition de soi” qui ne l'objective pas lui-même. L’Intellect
ユダヤ思想と二種類の名前
Since the time of Aristobulus and Philo of Alexandria, through the age of Moses Maimonides and Judah Halevy, Jewish thought has always developed within both sympathies and antipathies with Greek philosophy. This paper will argue that the ambivalent postures of Jewish thought to Greek philosophy has not only cultural motives but also a logical base in Jewish understanding of human language, which t
宗教哲学と宗教進化論
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スピノザ思想と自殺の問題
This paper considers the problem of life and death in Spinoza’s thought. It seems to me that a topic of suicide helps to elucidate this problem. Spinoza states that suicide is caused by external causes. But based on our common sense, it is the outcome of an action that is decided by a person’s will. Unlike accidents, the person who committed it must have known its result beforehand. In other words
レヴィナスにおけるsignificationと他性
Signification se conçoit, en général, en tant que l’acception d’un mot. Il en est de même pour les traductions japonaises des œuvres de Levinas dans lesquelles cette notion est traduite par imi ou imi-sayou (acception ou sa fonction). Mais pour Levinas qui affirme que « l'essence du langage est la relation avec Autrui », le fait de signifier n’est pas la fonction du signe saussurien mais le fait d
十字架の神学と一般位相
Theology of Simone Weil is part of the revival of theology of the cross in 20th century. Theology of the cross argues the main kerygma of christianity is God’s compassion with suffering beings. God suffers with our suffering like He suffered with Jesus’s suffering on the cross. However has God the infinite power so able to create the world? One suffers because of the bound of one’s power. Why does
根源的構想力の論理
Nach Kant ist die Einbildungskraft als „Grundvermögen der menschlichen Seele“ eine unentbehrliche „Funktion“ zur Erkenntnis und wird dadurch gekennzeichnet, ein „Bild“ frei zu produzieren. Seit Jahrhunderten nennt man die Einbildungskraft, welche die „Fähigkeit“ zum sinnlichen Wahrnehmen ist, sensus communis. In der vorhandenen Arbeit wird versucht, „die Fähigkeit des sinnlichen Wahrnehmens“ oder
ベルクソン宗教哲学への一つの根本契機
Cet article met en lumière une évolution dans la philosophie bergsonienne à la religion. Pour ce but, nous remarquons son idée d’affranchissement de l’opposition dichotomique. Bergson prétend que l’opposition dichotomique naît de la structure du langage, et qu’elle empêche l’être humain de saisir l’aspect immédiat des choses telles qu’elles sont. D’après Bergson, elle relève non seulement des conf
ウィリアム・ジェイムズの宗教的行為
William James confesses, in a letter to his friend Frances R. Morse, when writing The Varieties of Religious Experience, that it is his own religious act to attempt to make it credible that （1） religious life is based on privately felt experience, not general views of philosophy; and that （2） religious life is mankind’s most important function. That is, his religious philosophy is, in some way, so
レヴィナスにおける超越と倫理
Le concept de la transcendance est un concept qui désigne l’au-delà de l’expérience et de la connaissance humaine. Dans cet article, en faisant l’attention à la transcendance chez Lévinas, nous essayons de clarifier qu’elle joue un rôle central dans les arguments lévinasiens concernant le dehors, ou l’extériorité, et est à la base des idées lévinasiennes qu’expriment l’extériorité. Autrui en tant
近代的思考の此岸
La théologie scolastique moderne du XVIe siècle a développé progressivement une notion anthropologique qui prendrait forme dans la deuxième moitié du siècle, notamment chez F. Suarez : il s’agit de la notion du status purae naturae. En proposant cet état comme pur de n’importe quel élément surajouté au naturel, le doctor eximius met en relief d’une part, l’autonomie de l’ordre naturel vis-à-vis de
神学は神学を越えて神について語ることができるのか
It was Ludwig Feuerbach’s criticism of religion that urged reconsideration in historical study of modern Protestant theology. Theology since then has been aware of the problem in some way or another, “what can theology talk about God after Feuerbach’s criticism of religion?”. Theological confrontation with Feuerbach can be summarised into the following three types. The first type is “psychological
心茶会と久松先生のこと
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長谷正當先生への問い
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無限責任による覚醒
Cet article a pour but d’éclairer l’originalité du concept de responsabilité chez Lévinas. La notion de responsabilité infinie pour autrui nous enseigne jusqu’à quel point Lévinas prend conscience du thème de la réponse. Notre philosophe commence à penser la responsabilité quand sa responsabilité elle-même se met à prendre une dimension problématique dès l’entrée en jeu d’un tiers. Plus exactement
表現としての飲酒
In this article, we examine an important transmission of consciousness between two alcoholics at the birth of A.A., a self-help group for alcoholics. In 1935, a hopeless alcoholic named Bill transmitted his realization of the meaning of alcoholism (powerlessness over alcohol), which he had come to understand following his dramatic conversion, to another alcoholic named Bob. At the time, Bill took,
トマスとハイデガー
In diesem Artikel versuche ich zuerst die Interpretation Nagakuras, dass ‘ipsum esse’ von Thomas und ‘abusolutes Nichts’ Nishidas der Ausdruck derselben Sache sei, zu überprüfen. Dann wollte ich herausfinden, dass auch Heidegger einen Einblick in dieselbe Sache hatte, indem er die Sprachanalyse von Thomas treu verfolgt hatte. So wird mein Thema zur Auseinandersetzung Heideggers mit Thomas. Heidegg
モダニティの再帰性と宗教哲学的思索の地平
Die Religionsphilosophie, die im achtzehnten Jahrhundert entstanden ist, hat sich sehr der Entwicklung der Moderne entsprechend verändert. Der Zweck dieser Abhandlung ist, die jetzt erforderliche Veränderung der Art und Weise der Betrachtung der Religionsphilosophie zu erklären. Anthony Giddens betont, dass es drei Elemente sind, die die extreme Dynamik der Moderne hervorriefen. Das eine Element i
『存在と時間』おける自己の問題
„Wer ist Dasein? “ In Sein und Zeit ist diese Frage jeweilig mit dem „Selbst“ geantwortet. Das Selbst ist zunächst und zumeist für das Ich oder das Subjekt gehalten. Das „Wer“ wird also im Allgemeinen als etwas Identisches im Wechsel der Verhaltungen und Erlebnisse bestimmt. In der Geschichte der Ontologie ist diese Bestimmung nichts anderes als Charakteristik von der Substanz (oder dem Subjectum)
ユングにおける霊と魂と信仰の関係
Das Ziel dieses Artikels ist, die Beziehung von zwei Aspekten des Geistbegriffes, nämlich „den bösen Geist“, „den heiligen Geist“ und „pistis“, eine Art des Glaubens, in den Gedanken Jungs einfach darzustellen. Der Geist ist einer der Begriffe in den Gedanken Jungs, die am schwierigsten zu verstehen sind. Folglich ist es unmöglich, sich mit diesem Begriff am Anfang des Studiums von Jungs Schriften
宗教と啓蒙主義
The Enlightenment criticizes traditional religions and authorities under the light of reason. But this doesn’t mean that the Enlightenment is necessarily opposed to religion. In addition to the secular Enlightenment, we must notice the stream of the religious Enlightenment. The religious Enlightenment tries to harmonize traditional beliefs with modern philosophy and science. The Jewish Enlightenme
死はいつかの出来事であるか
In Sein und Zeit charakterisiert Heidegger die äußerste Seinsmöglichkeit des Menschen, d. h. den Tod, als die »unbestimmte« Möglichkeit. Diese Unbestimmtheit meint zwar die Unbestimmbarkeit des „Wann“ des Todes, besagt aber nie, daß der Tod „zu jeder Zeit“ kommen könne und keiner von uns jemals um das zeitliche „Wann“ seines Kommens wüßte. Der Tod im Sinne Heideggers ist überhaupt kein „jederzeiti
人間愛と終末論
In this paper I examine Gregory of Nyssaʼs thought of salvation of the pauper by considering his Homilies on the Beatitudes (Oration V) and his three sermons, i. e. “Against Usury”, “On Good Works”, and “On the Saying, ʼWhoever Has Done It to One of These Has Done It to Me’ ”. His thought of salvation of the pauper is founded upon his thought of philanthropy (philanthropia) and the eschatology. Hi
田辺哲学と「時」の弁証法
In seinem letzten Werk Notitz über Mallarmé entwickelte Tanabe anhand der symbolistischen Dichtung die „Todesphilosophie“ an seinem Lebensabend. Nach seiner Meinung heiße das Symbol das „Sein im Nichts“, und ein symbolistisches Gedicht sei eine Praxis der Dialektik als „absolute Umkehrbarkeit des Nichts“. Außerdem interessiert ihn das zufällige, ontologische Problem in Mallarmés Poesien. Es zeigt
Rethinking Reason, Faith, and Practice
In an earlier essay I argued that, for the Kyoto School, the relation between “philosophy” and “religion” is neither that of a modern subjection of religion to the judgment of a purportedly pure reason, nor is it that of a medieval subjugation of philosophy to the role of handmaid to theology. Rather, in the Kyoto School we find a provocative and indeed productive ambivalence ——a relation of mutua
エックハルトにおける恩寵 (gratia) と自然本性 (natura) の問題
Nach der dominikanischen Tradition versteht Eckhart die Seligkeit als Erkennen der göttlichen Natur. Er betont einerseits, daß die natürliche Vernunft beim Erkennen der göttlichen Natur die göttliche Gnade braucht. Aber er dehnt andererseits die natürliche Vernunft auf alle christlichen Wahrheiten aus, zudem betrachtet Gottessohn als das, was der Mensch von Natur ist. Dieser Aufsatz versucht das V
沈黙をして語らしめよ
Cet article a pour but de clarifier la signification de l’expression dans la Phénoménologie de la perception de Merleau-Ponty. Le problème de l’expression occupe une place centrale dans sa pensée, dans la mesure où ce terme désigne l’opération la plus fondamentale par laquelle le Sens peut s’intensifier, même au sein du Non-Sens, autour de la vie charnelle. D’abord, nous abordons ce que Merleau-Po
「直接知」の深まりとしてのハイデッガーの「真理(アレーテイア)」論
Keiji Nishitani unterscheidet in seiner späteren Zeit zwischen zwei Typen von Denken. Das eine ist das Denken, das, von der gegebenen Tatsache ausgehend, ein logisches Verständnis dieser Tatsache entwickelt, wie Hegels Denken. Das andere ist das Denken, das das direkte Wissen dieser Tatsache selbst, so wie sie ist, vertieft, wie es in Kunst und Religion geschieht. Man könnte Heideggers Denkweg als
チャールズ・パースの「アガペー主義」
Charles Peirce developed his cosmological system in the series of articles published in The Monist from 1891 to 1893. Peirce constructed his system on the foundation of the three doctrines of “Tychism”, “Synechism” and “Agapism”. Of these three doctrines the least known theory is “Agapism”. In this paper, I try to present the material necessary for the understanding of this doctrine. Peirce’s agap
シモーヌ・ヴェイユにおける善の欲望
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ラシュリエ『パスカルの賭けについての覚書き』と賭けの成立可能性の問題
Le pari de Pascal est-il logiquement irréprochable? N’y a-t-il pas un 《sophisme》 caché dans des données du calcul? Dans le pari pascalien, différent des autres jeux ordinaires et raisonnables, le sacrifice du gage est irrévocable : le paradis de Pascal ne nous rendra pas les plaisirs auxquels nous aurons renoncé ici-bas : il donnera plus et mieux sans doute, mais il donnera autre chose. La difficu
「苦しむ神」の問題と宗教間対話の可能性
Der leidende Gott ist eine seit dem 19. Jahrhundert häufig diskutierte Position des Gottesbegriffs. Dieser Begriff übt nicht nur auf die protestantische Theologie, sondern auch auf die katholische Theologie sowie auf die jüdische Religionsphilosophie Einfluss aus. Der Hintergrund der verstärkten Thematisierung dieser Position ist die Theodizee-Frage. Im weiteren Sinne kann man diesen Gottesbegriff
デリダ法哲学と宗教論における約束と信
Depuis la moitié des années 1980, Jacques Derrida aborde de front des problèmes juridico-éthico-politiques. Après ce qu’on appelle 《le tournant éthico-politique》, il semble qu’il défend la déconstruction contre le nihilisme. Autrement dit, il s’agit de surmonter l’absence de règles, de normes et de critères transcendants que la déconstruction, dans son impossibilité même à marquer la limite des op
大拙とスウェーデンボルグ
In the late 19th century America, Swedenborgianism and Buddhism was not an exceptional combination among some esoteric thinkers. Philangi Dasa, who published the first Buddhist journal in America, was a Swedenborgian and wrote a book titled Swedenborg the Buddhist. Albert J. Edmunds, who co-authored a book on Buddhism and Christianity with Anesaki Masaharu, let Suzuki know Swedenborgianism while t
イスラーム神学にみる原子論的宇宙論
The Sunnite atomistic cosmology which worked to prove God to be a Creator is often regarded one of the remarkable features in the Islamic theology, however, it is still vague who was the founder of this ontology, and by whom it was introduced into the Islamic theology and how it was developed among the Sunnite Kalām. As al-Ash‘arī inherited the cosmology of his former Mu‘tazilite master, al-Jubbā’
自由と悪
Keiji Nishitani hat einmal in seiner früheren Schrift „Geschichte der mystischen Gedanken“ (1932) versucht, die eigenartigen Grundzüge und Bedeutungen der philosophischen Mystik im Abendland ins klare zu bringen und danach die mystischen Gedanken von Plotin, Augustin, Meister Eckhart und Jacob Böhme als ihre vier typischen Vorbilder je ausführlich und eindringend zu erörertern. Dabei hat er merkwü
《仏教》の凄みに触れ
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「経験と自覚と場所」
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『非神秘主義 ― エックハルトと禅』
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西田幾多郎の「行為的直観」と歴史性の問題
Nishida’s philosophy has often been criticized for overlooking the problem of history. In particular, his fundamental notion of “acting intuition” is often accused of lacking any element of historicity. The term “acting intuition” may lead one to imagine a kind of religious or aesthetic intuition that transcends the historical world in a mystical way. However, I believe that this sort of interpret
作品の倫理
On a eu souvent tendance à insister sur la place privilégiée qu’occupe la question du visage d’autrui dans la pensée de Lévinas, au détriment de la fécondité de ses concepts économiques (la maison, la possession, le travail, l’activité, ...etc.). Certes, Lévinas n’a cessé de souligner l’extériorité absolue du visage d’autrui ; cela ne nous permettra cependant pas de considérer l’économie essentiel
和辻倫理学における信頼と個性
In the system of Watsuji’s Ethics, totality is given priority over individuality. Yet individuality is highly valued in his essays on fine arts and culture. Although Kyubun TANAKA and Sumihiko KUMANO have each tried to revive Watsuji’s Ethics as a theory of cultural pluralism, they ended up criticizing Watsuji. After discussing these two contemporary interpretations, I attempt in this article to c
トランス・デサンダンスとしての超越
When it comes to pinpointing the key concept that guides Takeuchi Yoshinori’s thought and gives it its direction, we can say, I think, that it is the idea of trans- descendence. Takeuchi’s research covers Shinran’s Kyogyōshinshō, Early Buddhism, Philosophy of Religion, Phenomenology of Religion, etc., and the idea of trans-descendence resonates, while changing its form, in all these fields, as it
悪や不幸をどのように説明するか
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「殺す文化／食べる文化」再考
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ニーチェ哲学における良心という問題
Das Problem des Gewissens ist eines der zentralen Themen in Nietzsches Philosophie. Er erwähnt das Gewissen immer wieder und kritisiert das gemeine Gewissen. Dieses ist heteronom, denn als Sittlichkeit gehorcht es der Sitte. Nietzsche nennt dies das “Herdengewissen.” Er stellt dagegen das “intellektuelle Gewissen.” Es ist ein Gewissen gegen das Herdengewissen. Es sagt: “warum gehorchst du deinem G
ジェイムズの世界観における信の位置づけについて
‘Radical empiricism’, as James calls his own philosophic attitude, suggests that he never ignores any facts that are experienced in this world. But what interests us is that at the same time the element ‘faith’ plays an essential role in his thought. This appears to make a great contrast, for accepting the facts thoroughly means accepting all the worldly contradictions, with which our faith seems
シモーヌ・ヴェイユのキリスト教
L’idée de Rédemption chez Simone Weil est fort différente de celle de la théologie chrétienne traditionnelle. Weil ne considère jamais la Croix du Christ comme fondement du salut décidé de manière providentielle. Pour elle, ce qui importe n’est pas la mort glorieuse de Jésus elle-même. Jésus n’était qu’un repris de justice inconnu qui a été injustement torturé et mis à mort. C’est seulement pour s
ハイデガーにおける「存在の問い」と「倫理の問い」
Es ist immer wieder kritisiert worden, daß es Heideggers Philosophie an der Ethik fehlt. Zwar geht es ihm ausschließlich um “Sein”, und er thematisiert in seinen Werken die Ethik nicht, aber in Sein und Zeit versucht Heidegger, Theorie und Praxis zu einigen, und dabei sagt er, daß “die praktische Seite” nicht als “beigefügte” 》Ethik《 “ergänzt” werden darf. Das bedeutet m. E., daß er sich in Sein u
宗教への問いと言語
Wir werden von “der Dimension der Transzendenz” angesprochen, obwohl wir dessen zunächst und zumeist nicht inne werden. Wenn dieses Ansprechen von dem Menschen gehört wird, öffnet sich die religiöse Dimension für den Menschen. Da das aus der Transzendenz kommende Ansprechen die menschliche Sprache übersteigt, beansprucht dieses Ansprechen die Propheten. Das Ansprechen des Transzendenten kommt zur
脱会者の研究をめぐって
The focus of the psychology of religion is on conversion from the beginning of its history. The theme of “defection” was not focused on until recently. This theme concerns not only psychological change or disillusionment, but also the loss of a social identity and disaffiliation from a religious community. Formerly it was common that scholars of religion regarded defectors as sources of trouble fo
ユングにおけるヌミノースムへの態度について
Jung hat gesagt: “Das Numinosum ist eine Bedingung des Subjekts”. Das Numinosum ist “unheimlich und zugleich faszinierend”, und weist darauf hin, daß Jedes verstrickt ist in die Beziehung, die das eigene Subjekt an etwas Unheimliches bindet. Die Psychologie C. G. Jungs entfaltet sich anläßlich dieser inneren Spannung. Einem Standpunkt, das die Psychologie Jungs nur als von Bildern abhängige Psycho
存在の風景
Da Parmenides zuallererst die Frage, ob ist oder nicht ist, stellt, diskutieren viele Forscher die Frage, was denn das Subjekt dieses Seins sei. Diese Fragestellung ist bei Parmenides aber völlig irreführend, da für ihn das Sein überhaupt kein Subjekt akzeptiert. Das Sein ist für ihn nur das Nicht-Nichts. Kein bestimmtes Ding kann also Subjekt des Seins werden, weil es nie ganz nichts wird, auch w
それ（es）について
In dieser Abhandlung will ich das reine Es erörtern. Um das reine Es als solches sachgemäß zu bestimmen, bedarf es der seltsamen Wendung “es es-t”. Das “es- t” meint hier die dritte Person Singular des Verbs “es-en”, welches es nicht in der deutschen Sprache gibt. Mit dem innerhalb der wirklichen Sprache unmöglichen Ausdruck will ich das Wesentliche des reinen Es bestimmen, weil das reine Es weder
ユングの転移観における宗教的次元
Jung has an ambivalent attitude toward “transference,” because it involves problems which are multilayered and full of paradoxes, like any other phenomenon of the soul. But “transference” is essential for individuation, since an internal and subjective process of integration is inseparable from the process of developing objective relationships. These ideas fit together with his fundamental point o
現前と不在
How is the term “mysticism” used today? Does this term remain scientifically or philosophically significant? Michel de Certeau’s works on the mysticism （la mystique） are provocative attempts to confront this problem. In this paper I recapitulate Certeau’s concept of mysticism, by examining (in chronological order) his important texts on the subject. Though his manner of writing and methodological
〈non-aliud〉について
Für Nikolaus Cusanus war das Gottesproblem nicht nur der Ausgangspunkt seines philosophisch-theologischen Denkens, sondern machte in einem gewissen Sinne auch das immerwährende Grundproblem in seinen Gedankenentwicklungen das ganze Leben hindurch aus. Es scheint aber die Art, an Gott zu denken und auf ihn zuzugehen, sich bei ihm je nach der Gedankenperiode zu verändern und daraus verschiedene Gott
武内先生とキリスト教
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武内先生の宗教哲学と宗教学
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明治後半期における理想主義的人格実現説の成立について
During the Meiji period there were three types of ethics in Japan: utilitarian evolutionary theory, the theory of nationalistic self-realization, and the theory of idealistic self-realization. In this article I will elucidate the characteristics and transitions of the theory of idealistic self-realization. Advocates of the theory of idealistic self-realization were Hajime Onishi and Ryosen Tsunaji
ミルチャ・エリアーデにおける聖の解釈学と《新しいヒューマニズム》
Here we try to elucidate New Humanism in Mircea Eliade. This concept is considered as the creative hermeneutics, which points a new plane of a humanbeing’s knowledge. Although Eliade doesn’t determine this humanism clearly, he suggests that the phenomenology of religions should be a primary discipline for making it realized. Therefore, we at first take his methodology as the hermeneutics of the sa
存在認識と良心
In Sein und Zeit vollzieht M. Heidegger die existenziale Interpretation vom Phänomen Gewissensruf. Dabei betrachtet er es aber nur aus der fundamentalontologischen, nicht moralphilosophischen Perspektive. Diese Interpretation scheint uns weit entfernt von unserer alltäglichen Gewissenserfahrung und -auslegung zu sein, die Heidegger 《vulgäre》 Auslegung nennt. Er behauptet, der Ruf sage nichts, d. h
ハイデッガーにおける「四方界（Geviert）」の思想の可能性と限界を巡って
In diesem Aufsatz geht es um den Gedanken von “Geviert”, über den 1949 in dem Vortragzyklus《Einblick in das was ist》in Bremen von Heidegger gesprochen wurde. In ihm bezeichnet Heidegger unsere Zeit als das Zeitalter der Herrschaft der Technik, deren Wesen “Ge-stell” genannt wird. Und in dem Wesen des “Ge-stell”, in der “Gefahr”, ereignen sich Verwahrlosung des Dinges und Verweigerung von Welt. And
「平等底」の宗教哲学
Nishida Kitaro (1870-1945) discussed the terms “invers-correspondence” (gyaku taio) and “ordinariness” (byojo tei) in his last essay: “Bashoteki ronri to shukyoteki sekaikan” (The Logic of Place and Religious World-view). Nishida’s concept of ordinariness is one key to understanding the goal of his religious philosophy. The word “ordinariness” first appears in the recorded sayings of Chinese Chan
超越の諸相
Toute la pensée de Levinas se concentre sur la question de rapport entre le Même et l’Autre. Mais pour Levinas, la différence entre le Même et l’Autre ne se réduit pas à celle des attributs. Si Autrui est 《absolument》 autre, c’est que cette différence ne dépend jamais de qualités quelconques. Dans cet article, en faisant remarquer l’idée de transcendance chez Levinas, nous essayons d’éclairer que
カント倫理学における理性的存在者の問題について
In der Grundlegung der Metaphysik der Sitten (GMS) drückt Kant das Gemeinwesen vernünftiger Wesen als ein Reich der Zwecke aus. Bei der Entstehung des Reichs der Zwecke, sagt Kant, abstrahiert man von dem persönlichen Unterschied vernünftiger Wesen, imgleichen allem Inhalt ihrer Privatzwecke. Darum wird aus dieser Äußerung zu Kants Vernunftwesen gern eingewendet, die Verschiedenheit zwischen den V
ヤスパースの宗教批判をめぐって
Man sagt, Jaspers’ Philosophie sei religiös, denn ein Zentralbegriff in seinem Denken ist der des “philosophischen Glaubens”. Dieser philosophische Glaube ist aber vom religiösen unterschieden. Jaspers sieht zwischen Philosophie und Religion eine absolute Spannung. Und er als Philosoph kritisiert Religion. In diesem Aufsatz versuchen wir den Gehalt der seinen Religionskritik zu erklären. Der Gegen
シモーヌ・ヴェイユにおける美と神秘
La “finalité sans fin”, idée d’origine de l’esthétique kantienne, joue un rôle important dans la pensée de Simone Weil. Pour elle, il ne s’agit pas en effet simplement de l’expérience de la beauté, mais aussi de l’expérience du “malheur” qui sera de plus en plus centrale dans les derniers écrits de ce penseur. Le sentiment de la beauté nous permet de saisir une “distance” entre nous et quelque cho
シュライエルマッハーにおける「宇宙」、「神と世界」
Es gibt zwei Kritiken an Schleiermachers Verstäntnis für die Religion. Die eine deutet es als Immanenzphilosophie, die die Religion nur auf dem Gemüt der Menschen zurückführt. Die andere zeigt, daß sein Verstäntnis im Zusammenhang nicht mit der Welt, sondern nur mit Gott steht. In diesem Aufsatz will ich diese Kritiken für unrecht erklären. Das Universum ist der wichtigste Begriff in Reden. Es ent
別の思惟
Um das Sein zu denken, fordert Heidegger “ein anderes, das Subjekt verlassendes Denken”. Aber dieses andere Denken, das sich von dem normalen vorstellenden und rechnenden unterscheidet, sucht auch Eckhart, den Heidegger seinen Begleiter als Lese- und Lebemeister nennt. Obwohl zwischen ihren Gedanken eine große Verwandtschaft besteht, ist auch der Unterschied groß. Während Eckhart nach der Gelassen
「性起」について
“Ereignis” ist der Grundgedanke von Heidegger seit seiner mittleren Periode. Er hat diesen Gedanken in seinem 1989 aus dem Nachlaß veröffentlichten Werk Beiträge zur Philosophie thematisiert, wie es die wesentliche Überschrift Vom Ereignis zeigt. Um diesen Grundgedanken zu erhellen, betrachte ich hier zuerst den eigenen Zusammenhang zwischen dem Ereignis als der Wesung des Seyns und dem von ihm se
生と表現
Es war Kitaro Nishida, der zum ersten Mal in Japan der Kunstphilosophie Konrad Fiedlers Aufmerksamkeit schenkte und sie in Japan bekannt machte. Seine Kunstlehre selbst wurde dadurch viel bereichert. Er hatte sich aber vor dieser Rezeption auch von Diltheys Philosophie Anregungen gehabt. Er verstand mit Dilthey das Gefühl als das, was sich tief unter dem Bewußtsein befinde und unsere geistige Täti
講演：禅への橋頭堡としてのデリダ哲学
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理念と存在
L’éthique de Levinas se fonde sur le primat de l’idée de l’infini par rapport à celle de la totalité. Selon lui, ces deux idées sont différentes par ce que la totalité est théorétique et l’infini est morale. Ce qui me semble important, c’est que ces deux idées non pas s’opposent mais se posent d’une manière différente. Tous les deux signifient ce qui transcende les donnés partiels. Pourtant l’idée
ティリッヒにおける宗教間対話の問題
In this essay I attempt to show Tillich’s tendency towards the interreligious dialogue and its significance. Tillich was aware of the significance of interreligious dialogue very early. On the assumption of a dialogue between representatives of two different religions, Tillich points out four presuppositions. ① Both should acknowledge the value of the other’s religious conviction. ② Each of them s
エリアーデにおける象徴と救済
Here we analyse the 《hierophany》 and symbols. They are Mircea Eliade’s main concepts. And then, we will try to elucidate, in his theory, his unique soteriology. He doesn’t define a religion a priori, but treats a religious phenomenon as it is. The nature of religion is intuited as the sacred, and every religious phenomenon is generalized as a hierophany. The sacred is a concept irreducible to the
自由な本性
Cet article a pour objet de dévoiler deux idées différentes de la nature humaine, sur lesquelles les théologiens catholiques, tels que Suarez et Jansénius, ont construit leurs propres idées de la grâce et de la liberté humaine dans les controverses sur la grâce au début des temps modernes. D’une part, en précisant son idée de la liberté d’indifférence, Suarez, théologien jésuite, insiste sur l’aut
宗教と行為
Les deux orientations du spiritualisme français culminent dans la philosophie de la religion, d’un côté chez H. Bergson et de l’autre côté chez M. Blondel. Dans cet article, nous essayons d’éclaircir chacune sa vision sur la liberté, en vue de dégager deux types distincts et idéaux de la philosophie de la religion dans cette école. D’abord, nous considérons deux manières d’envisager la pensée chré
「逆対応」について
One of the most important words in the last work of Nishida Kitaro is “inverse correspondence (gyaku taio)”. He makes use of the word 24 times there. However, its notion is not distinctly defined. That makes us face a problem of a right understanding of its meanings and functions. At the same time it causes some difficulties, when we try to position his designed “philosophy of religion” in the who
後期ハイデッガーの死の思索
In den Bremer Vorträgen 1949 stellt Heidegger eine These auf: der Tod ist das Gebirg des Seyns. “Das Gebirg des Seyns” ist das Leitwort des Denkens vom Tod beim späten Heidegger. Dieser Aufsatz versucht, Heideggers Denken vom Tod zu klären durch eine ausführliche Auslegung des rätselhaften Wortes “das Gebirg des Seyns” aufgrund der erst letztlich veröffentlichten ganzen Bremer Vorträgen, besonders
エックハルトの「マリアとマルタ」論
Dieser Aufsatz ist ein Versuch, die Predigt Meister Eckharts über Maria und Martha mit den Erörterungen von Thomas von Aquin über das aktive Leben und das kontemplative Leben in der Summa Theologiae zu vergleichen. Wie andere traditionelle Interpreten der Maria-Martha-Perikope findet Thomas den Beleg für den allgemeinen Vorrang des kontemplativen Lebens in dem Wort Christi, “Maria hat das gute Tei
後期西田哲学における生命論とJ. S. ホールデン
In “Philosophical Essays” Kitaro Nishida has so wide a concern beyond his field of specialization that he deals with not only philosophy but also such disciplines as natural science. It is conceivable that his thinking with regard to science enfolds much that deserves more attention today. This paper will clarify the relationship between his and J. S. Haldane’s position as a former stage of elucid
告白の現象学
Les méditations de Ricœur et Nabert autour du “sujet” humain témoignent que cette notion a pu survivre aux critiques radicales que la pensée contemporaine lui a adressées. Ces deux philosophes qui prennent l’expérience du mal au sérieux, considèrent la mise en cause de l’être humain par lui-même, constitutive de cette expérience, comme le fond d’où provient l’acte de “réflexion”. C’est ainsi que R
癒しの思想と人間観
The objective of this paper is to elucidate Katsumi Takizawa’s view of healing and the human by referring to his last manuscript, which was published after his death under the title Medical treatment and Religion in the Modern Times. The attempt here is part of our project to analyze the basic traits borne by the modern view of healing and the human. Takizawa suffered from serious eye-disease in t
罪と自由
What is evil and where does it come from? Augustine is much concerned with the problem of origin of evil. Manicheism teaches that there are two principles, good and evil, from the beginning. This world is the fighting place of these two principles. Good principle makes a man do good and evil principle does the opposite. Man does good or evil by compulsion of these principles, so cannot expect to e
C. J. ボストレームの宗教哲学
C. J. Boström (1797 ― 1866. Prof. von praktischen Philosophie in Uppsala) gilt als der bedeutendste Philosoph Schwedens und anregender akademischer Lehrer, und einflußreicher Urheber der sogenannten Uppsala-Schule (des Boströmianismus). Boströms Philosophie läßt sich am besten charakterisieren als Persönlichkeits -Idealismus, welchen Boström selbst doch rationelles oder absolutes Idealismus nennt.
書評：大峯顕著『宗教と詩の源泉』
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現と言葉
Für die Seinsfrage Heideggers ist das Denken von der Sprache wesentlich. Dieser Aufsatz versucht, den Grund deutlich zu machen, und zwar am Leitfaden des Denkens in Sein und Zeit, warum die Seinsfrage nach dem Wesen der Sprache fragen muß. Heidegger bestmmt den Menschen als Dasein. „Da“ des Daseins bedeutet hier die Stätte der Erschlossenheit des Seins. Zu diesem durch die Erschlosseheit bestimmte
アフリカにおけるイスラーム的回心をめぐる三理論
La conversion islamique en Afrique sub-saharienne offre des cas de conversions dynamiques et compliquées en raison de son histoire très longue qui commença dès le 8ème siècle avec le développement des commerces à longue distance transsahariens et connut la formation de nombreux Etats islamiques et villes islamiques commerciales. Selon la théorie classique de S. Trimingham à ce propos, l’islamisati
両義性の構造
In dieser Abhandlung versuche ich zuerst, Heidegger’s Phänomenologie mit dem Studium seiner frühen Freiburger Vorlesungen ins klare zu bringen. Heidegger als Liebling der Phänomenologie kritisierte die damaligen anderen Philosophien. Durch die Auseinandersetzung mit diesen Philosophien arbeitete er seine Phänomenologie heraus. Er fand die Struktur (Er-und Ent-Struktur) in und aus der faktischen Le
マルティン・ハイデッガーと宗教現象学
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書評:Hannah Arendt, <i>Was ist Existenz-Philosophie?</i>
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講演:和辻哲郎の人生
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前期ハイデッガーにおけるロゴスと語り（Rede）の問題
Heideggers Besinnung auf Sprache (λόγος) und Sein, seinem Bekenntnis in seiner späteren Zeit nach, bestimmt seinen Denkweg von früh an, aber seine Erörterung der Sprache in ihrem Bezug zum Sein bleibt im Hintergrund in Sein und Zeit. Dieser Aufsatz versucht, das ontologische Problem von Sprache und λόγος in seiner früheren Zeit, besonders in Sein und Zeit, im Hintergrund aufzuspüren und deutlich z
ジェイムズの宗教思想におけるプラグマティズム
James’ religious reflexions are articulated in his two works: The Varieties of Religious Experience and Pragmatism. Both works, seemingly different, share the same basic framework of his religious thought. This paper will clarify the framework and reconsider the meaning of James’ pragmatism. First, in The Varieties of Religious Experience, James maintains that the religious experience is realized
プロティノスにおける「発出」の意味について
Plotinus’ system has been called ‘emanation’, for he often illustrates it by similes such as the sun and the light flowing out from it. But insisting that such similes should not be interpreted literally, H. F. Müller denies that his philosophy is emanation system. The aim of this paper is to elucidate what this concept means for Plotinus himself. We consider the question from two points. The firs
恩寵の時間
Cet article met en lumière l’originalité de l’analyse pascalienne de la notion théologique de pouvoir prochain et montre sur quoi se fonde cette originalité. Introduite dans la problématique de la question sur la grâce à la fin du XVIe siècle par un thomiste, cette notion est, en fait, d’origine scolastique. Lorsqu’ont surgi entre jansénistes et molinistes les conflits théologiques autour des inte
フロイトのアルケオロジー
Sigmund Freud often compared the work of psychoanalysis to that of archeology. He was fully aware of the coessentiality between his aspiration for the investigation into the depth of psyche and his personal addiction to archeology. In this paper we grasp Freud’s hermeneutics as an “archeology”, so the comparison of psychoanalysis to archeology turns out to be essential rather than expedient for hi
宗教の「出で来る所」
Einen Anlaß für diese Abhandlung fand ich im Problem von Gehirntod und Organtransplantation. In diesem mindestens bei uns nicht einfach zu lösenden Problem liegen zwei wichtige Elemente ; zuerst : wieweit sollte sich die heutige Medizin, ein Frucht der Entwicklung der Naturwissenschaft und Technik, in den Tod des Menschen einmischen? Und dann : was ist eigentlich für uns der Tod? Ereignet sich nic
自由と運命
Wir versuchen Hegels Der Geist des Christentums und sein Schicksal aus dem Gesichtspunkt der religiösen Handlungen Jesu Christi als der schönen Seele auszulegen. Es sind dann zwei wichtige Begriffe, die in unsere Betrachtung eintreten ; der eine ist der der höchsten Freiheit, der andre ist der des vollständigsten Schicksals ; der eine ist nach unserer Meinung der Zettel, der andre der Einschlag de
自覚の構造
The concept of Jikaku remains ambiguous. It is, I suspect, because two kinds of Jikaku have not been clearly distinguished. The one is Jikaku as self-consciousness, and the other is Jikaku in a true sense. The former works on the level of consciousness, which is like such a stubborn wall that only the latter can break through. The true Jikaku arises at the moment of the breakthrough and is united
Zur Philosophie der religiösen Erfahrung
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Eckharts ‘ohne Warum’ im Zusammenhang mit der thomanischen Teleologie
‘Leben und Wirken ohne Warum’ in den deutschen Werken Meister Eckharts beruht auf dem Begriff des Lebens und dem des freiwilligen Werks in den lateinischen Werken. Diese beiden Begriffe ihrerseits stammen vermutlich von Thomas von Aquin. Eckhart bezeichnet jene Werke als lebendig und freiwillig, die von innerlichem Ursprung (principium, grunt) bewegt werden. Bei Eckhart also enthalten beide dieser
レヴィナス『全体性と無限』における存在と倫理
Dans Totalité et Infini E. Levinas représente la relation éthique entre le moi et l’Autrui en utilisant “le langege ontologique”. Cette terminologie rend difficile l’interprétation de cet ouvrage ; car il conteste, d’autre part, l’ontologie, qui, d’après lui, subordonne la justice à la liberté violente. Nous essaierons d’éclaircir cet enchevêtrement. Il décrit le Moi et l’Autrui comme êtres en déf
自己存在と行為
Jaspers erhellt Existenz in Rücksicht auf dem Handeln, in dem Existenz sich selbst auf der eigenen Freiheit verwirklicht. Dabei spielt das “innere Handeln” eine wichtige Rolle. In diesem Aufsatz versuchen wir den Begriff “inneres Handeln” als den Kernpunkt der Philosophie Jaspers zu verstehen und die Bedeutung dieses Begriffs zu seiner Philosophie zu erforschen. Zunächst betrachten wir, wie das Ha
W.v.フンボルトの言語論と解釈学
In dieser Abhandlung wird gezeigt, daß die Hermeneutik als gegenwärtige Philosophie auf die Sprachphilosophie Wilhelm von Humboldts (1767-1835) Bezug hat. Sein Gedanke über die Sprachlichkeit des menschlichen Weltverhältnis und “eine wahre Welt” der Sprache ist eine wichtige Basis für die Hermeneutik. Die Hermeneutik mußte notwendigerweise mit der “Perspektivität” des menschlichen Wissens konfront
ハイデガーの思想における存在と無の同一性
›Das reine Sein und das reine Nichts ist also dasselbe‹. Dieser Satz aus ›Wissenschaft der Logik‹ Hegels ist zugleich das Grundwort des heideggerschen Denkens. Dieser Aufsatz versucht den Grund zu zeigen, warum Heidegger das Sein und das Nichts für identisch halten konnte, obwohl beide einander widerstreiten und verneinen. Nach ihm sind Sein und Nichts nicht identisch, insofern sie unterschiedslos
形而上学とニヒリズム
Man kann sagen, daß das Motiv, vermittelst der Erhebung zur ewigen Welt aus der vergänglichen und nichtigen herauszutreten, die Metaphysik, wie sie in der Philosophie Platons typisch aufgetreten ist, durchzieht. Aber, wie man weiß, hat Nietzsche in diesem Motiv den Willen zum Nichts gesehen. Dadurch ist auf das Ganze der europäischen Metaphysik einschließlich der sinnlichen und übersinnlichen Welt
宗教間の対話について
Today we often hear the word “inter-religious dialogue” (or “dialogue of religions”). The combination of these two words ―religion and dialogue― does not seem strange, since dialogue between persons is a very important way of seeking for the religious truth. However, inter-religious dialogue is a dialogue between religions as social entities: they have verbally expressed systems of teaching and cl
非有と無
In the West such positive principles as being, life, and the good have ontological priority over negative principles such as non-being, death, and evil. In this sense, negative principles are always apprehended as something secondary. By contrast, in the East, especially in Taoism and Buddhism, negative principles are not secondary but co-equal to the positive principles and even may be said to be
書評：氣多雅子『宗教経験の哲学―浄土教世界の解明』
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直観とイマージュ
En 1903, Bergson fonde sa méthode sur le concept d’ ‟Intuition”, qu’il articule avec la ‟durée”，qui avait été le point de départ de sa philosophie. Or, nous donne-t-il une vision métaphysique capable à exprimer tout l’univers avec l’extensif, alors que la ‟dureé” n’a rien d’extensif par définition ? Dans le but d’éclaircir plusieurs possibilités de cette métaphysique, nous essayons de poursuivre n
ヘーゲル論理学とキリスト教
Hegel hielt den Gott des Christentums vor allem für einen Gott des Dreieinigen, denn sein Gott ist „actus purus (ein reiner Akt)”，d. h. nichts anderes als ein absolutes Tun. Seine „Wissenschaft der Logik” dient vor allem dazu, dieses Tun zu klären. Besonders im Teil : „Lehre vom Begriff” wird auf die immanente Trinitätslehre Bezug genommen, indem die drei Momente des Begriffes : das Allgemeine, da
詩の解釈学
In dieser Abhandlung versuche ich das Manyōshū mit der Methode der phänomenologischen Auslegung zu forschen. Bei der Analyse des menschlichen Seins weist Heidegger die Zweideutigkeit der ,Erscheinung‘ hin. Das wahre Sein ist meistens verborgen. Es ist die innere, gründliche Erfahrung, die diese Verborgenheit durchbricht, und das ist die methodische Eigentümlichkeit der phänomenologischen Auslegung
土塊（つちくれ）考
Nikolaus von Kues sagte in seiner Schrift „De non aliud“ (Kap. 23) : Visus se ipse non videt …“ Meiner Meinung nach bedeutet dieses kurze Zitat, daß das Sehen eben darum sieht und nichts anderes als das Sehen ist, weil das Sehen sich selbst nicht sieht. Dieses „Sich selbst“, das das Sehen nicht sehen kann, heißt die des Sehens Wurzel, woraus das Sehen wirklich als das Sehen besteht. Die nicht zu s
展望：近年のパスカル研究瞥見（フランス）
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展望：第四回国際仏教キリスト教対話大会
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心理学と有神論
In Chapter XXVI of The Principles of Psychology，William James tries to argue for the existence of “will” using a physiological concept of the reflexive action. His argument of “will” seems to consist of the two seemingly conflicting standpoints, of which one is a physiological psychology and the other is an introspective psychology. The former enables him to discard the dualism of mind and matter
千年王国運動への視点
“Millenarianism” is a term originally employed by medieval and early modern European historians, but has been referred to in various studies of many cultural, religious and nativistic movement outside the western world, such as the Prophetism in Africa, the Ghost Dance in North America, and the Cargo Cults in Melanesia. There is no consistent use of terminology among historians and cultural anthro
西谷宗教哲学と「直接性」
For Nishitani Keiji, “Directness or 直接性” of the Reality was one of the most fundamental issues in his whole system of philosophy of religion. Although procedure of his thought life has shown the three clear-cut stages, as he recalled in his later life by using such terms as “pre-philosophical”，“philosophical” and “post-philosophical”，there lies his consistent interest in the “Directness” of the Re
西谷宗教哲学におけるキリスト教
Nisnitani’s philosophy of religion originates in the problem of “I am”. “I am” is not an abstract idea, but a concrete and historical fact. This intrinsically historical character of his philosophy leads him to take interest in Christianity. His interest in Christianity，therefore, has an essentially historical character. First, a brief investigation is made into how and to what extent Christianity
西谷宗教哲学と浄土教
K. Nishitani’s treaties on Pure Land Buddhism are not so much in comparison with those of Zen Buddhism, but there are very important understandings in them. For instance, in “Religion and Nothingness” (translated by J. v. Bragt) Nishitani says, “In religion, however, faith comes about only on a horizon where this field has been overstepped and the framework of the ‘ego’ has been broken through.”（p
書評：T. Unno(ed.)：<i>The Religious Philosophy of Nishitani Keiji</i>
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プロティノスに於ける英知的素材と英知の直知作用について
Intelligible Matter, which derives from Plato’s Indefinite Dyad, is adopted and developed by Plotinus. But it is not clear what position it has in his whole system, whose ‘pivot’ is the theory of Spiritual Intuition or Contemplation. This paper will throw light on what it is and how related to the Spiritual Intuition of Intelligence. There are two reasons Plotinus supposes Intelligible Matter in t
エックハルト・ラテン語著作における存在と義
Im “Prologus in opus propositionum” unterscheidet Echkhart das “esse” vom “esse huius et huius.” In der vorliegenden Abhandlung möchte ich feststellen, daß diese Unterscheidung in Eckharts Gedanken grundlegend ist. Eckhart schreibt dem Einzelnen neben dem “esse huius et huis” auch das “esse” zu, das dem “hoc et hoc” nicht gehört, und das deswegen ständig von Gott her empfangen werden muß. Dasselbe
リクールにおける「欲望」の問題
Le but de cet article est d’éclaircir le thème du désir dans la philosophie de Paul Ricoeur entre 1950 et 1969, période qui va de “la philosophie de la volonté” à sa réflexion sur l’herméneutique des symboles. Le problème du désir possède dans la pensée de Paul Ricoeur une importance cachée, car, en étant liée à l’idée de réflexion comme appropriation d’un “désir d’être,” d’un “effort pour exister
ブーバーの「日常の聖化」の思想とその背景
Buber believed that the sickness of western society, which gave rise to the horrors of two world wars, had its roots in the separation of the holy from everyday life. He saw the possibility of healing in the Hasidic idea of hallowing every act and relationship by dedicating all of life to God. Although he used various modes of expression to transmit this message, his consistent emphasis on true mu
ティリッヒ神学に於ける信仰の意味
The position of P. Tillich’s theology is symbolically shown by the expression “on the boundary.” His theological thought gains its depth and width, in his standing on the several boundaries between ‘theology and philosophy,’ ‘church and society,’ and ‘religion and culture,’ etc. According to his book Dynamics of Faith (1957), faith is defined as the ultimate concern. Faith should not be considered
老いをめぐる一試論
Es scheint mir, daß die Frage, was das Alter ist, bisher in der Religionsphilosophie geringgeschätzt wurde, obwohl der Tod das zentrale Problem ist. Platon definiert das Alter als „den Verfall der Lebewesen, der aus dem Verlauf der Zeit hervorgeht“. Das bedeutet die körperliche Schwäche. Kierkegaard hält es für wichtiger, daß ein Mensch in der Bedeutung der Ewigkeit älter wird, das heißt, daß er a
ペンテコスタリズムの一考察
In the religious world today, there are two global movements of enormous vitality. One is conservative Islam, the other conservative Protestantism, notably Pentecostalism. Since Iranian revolution a good deal of attention has been paid to the former, but the latter remains ignored even by the people in Europe and in North America. The explosion of Pentecostalism in Latin America, especially in Bra
書評：西谷啓治・八木誠一著『直接経験』
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展望：感覚がめざすもの
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自己限定の哲学
》Bestimmen《 spielt eine große Rolle in Fichtes Jenaer Philosophie. Er wollte alles daraus erklären. Nun ist der Anfang alles Bestimmens die Selbstbestimmung. Daher muß die Philosophie sie zum Prinzip machen, was in der „Wissenschaftslehre nova methodo“ geschieht. Was hat die Philosophie mit dem Prinzip der Selbstbestimmung gewonnen? Ich möchte dieses Problem hauptsächlich im Vergleich mit Kant erö
有と歴史
Die Seinsfrage, die sich durch den gesamten Denkweg Heideggers zieht, ist von Anfang an mit dem Problem der Geschichte untrennbar verknüpft. Meine Absicht liegt darin, den Zusammenhang zwischen Sein und Geschichte im Denken Heideggers von 1927 bis 1949 zu untersuchen, wobei das Wort „Geschehen“ (Geschehnis, geschehen) als der Anhaltspunkt dienen soll. Das Wort „Geschehen“, dessen etymologische Ver
前期ハイデッガーの哲学的立場
Was Heideggers Denken in seinen früheren Schriften im Grunde bestimmte, war die Grunderfahrung des Nichts, m. a. W. die Angst. Wir versuchen seinen Begriff der Angst nachzuforschen, um seine Grundeinstellung zu konstatieren und kritisieren. Er erklärt durch die Analyse der Angst „die Zeitlichkeit“ als Grundgeschehen des Daseins und gibt der Zukunft den Vorrang, die erst den Tod erschließt. Diese Z
『有と時』の根本問題
In dieser kleinen Abhandlung wird das Grundproblem vom 《Sem und Zeit》 erörtert. Das „Grundproblem von 《SuZ》“ finde ich in der Beziehung zwischen 〈Daseinsanalytik〉 und 〈Seinsfrage〉. Um diese Beziehung zu denken, forsche ich zuerst der 〈Daseinsanalyse〉 nach. Schon in seiner Früh-Freiburger Zeit hat Heideggers Denken einen eigentümlichen Charakter und man kann ihn so formulieren, daß philosophisches
シャリーアの救済論的意味
The literal meaning of the Sharî‘ah, usually rendered as Islamic law, is the Path which God ordained for believers. This spiritual Path became highly articulated into various rules, such as ritual, moral and even legal rules, in the course of the early Islamic history. This article intends to elucidate the soteriological meaning of the Sharî‘ah in Islam. This is primarily clarified in relation to
『ドイツ神学』における地獄（２）
(1) Das ,Leben Christi‘ stellt das Grundthema der „Deutschen Theologie“ dar. In unsrer ganzen Abhandlung—(l) und (2)—soll es nun geklärt werden, welchen Sinn die Hölle fürs oder im ,Leben Christi‘ hat. Nach einer Erwähnung davon, wie Eckhart und Tauler in ihren Predigten von der Hölle handeln, erklären wir den Grund der Höllenauffassung bei der „Deutschen Theologie“, warum diese in des Menschen ei
田辺と宗教と哲学
This article is a reworked version of a talk given at the yearly Meeting in Commemoration of Nishida and Tanabe, on June 2,1990. It centers on the reactions to the ideas of the “Kyoto School of Philosophy, which have recently been forthcoming from Western scholars. After a brief investigation of the way Tanabe’s ideas on God and salvation are received by Pure Land Buddhists and Christians respecti
書評：石田慶和・薗田 坦編『宗教学を学ぶ人のために』
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展望：懺悔道シンポジウムに出席して
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展望：ヨーロッパ世界に於けるキリスト教のエキュメニズム
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マイスター・エックハルトにおける「根底」について
Eckhart erwähnt in seiner berühmten Predigt die Identität des Gottesgrundes und 〈meines ( = jeder Seele)〉 Grundes. Einerseits ist dieser der Grund 〈meiner〉 unendlichen Selbsterkenntnis, die von der “eigenschaft” frei ist. Deshalb ist er der Ort, in dem die Schöpfung sich ereignet, d. h. alles Sein zustande kommt. Weil der Gottesgrund andererseits “Gott als Sein” in sich umfaßt, ist der Grund das a
ウィリアム・ジェイムズの心霊研究
As is often mentioned in his biographical studies, William James was greatly attracted to spiritual phenomena and continued psychical research to his last days. He conducted experiments with a trance medium, Mrs. Piper, whose mediumship was so strong that he was convinced of the genuineness of the phenomena. Although he arrived at no conclusive view on the spiritual matter, his thinking was greatl
メーヌ・ド・ビランにおける「自我」の問題
Maine de Biran n’est pas spiritualiste comme Ravaisson ou Bergson. Il est cartésien en tant qu’il pose le Moi comme premier principe de la philosophie. Pourtant, Biran transforme le Moi de Descartes en lui donnant une nouvelle dimension. 1) Biran insiste sur l’activité du Moi, et refuse le Moi-Substance. Pour lui, le Moi n’est que le vouloir. 2) Son Moi est ouvert partiellement au corps. En résumé
滝沢克己のインマヌエル論批判
Takizawa has asserted that both Christianity and Buddhism are based on the same soteriological ground called “Original Reality of Immanuel”. This paper, examines its validity as Christianity by making clear the differences between K. Barth’s theology and that of Takizawa. Though it is widely recognized that Takizawa’s theology is somewhat different from the ordinary Christian faith, no specific co
後期シェリングとベーメ
Böhmes theosophischer Gedanke hatte für den späten Schelling eine entscheidende Bedeutung. Schellings 》Kehre《 und seine spätere Entwicklung waren ohne Böhmes Einfluß überhaupt nicht denkbar. Schellings Begegnung mit Böhme war nicht zufällig. Wir können sie einerseits als das Ergebnis seiner eigenen philosophischen Entwicklung, aber andererseits als das von Hegels Kritik an ihn denken. Er mußte aus
宗教と政治
Le but de cet article consiste à dégager l’horizon commun à la religion et au politique plutôt que de les considérer dans un aspect d’opposition. Il s’agit de celui d’actions et pratiques dont il faut distinctivement saisir les traits en contraste avec l’horizon de connaissances : le premier est celui de valeur et subjectivité, le dernier celui de vérité et objectivité. Or, la religion correspond
日本の宗教哲学・序説
Es gibt viele buddhistische Schriften in Japan von alters her, die das Wesen der Religion klar machten. Diese Schriften haben zwar das religionsphilosophische Wahrheitsmoment in sich, aber wir können nicht sagen, daß sie wissenschaftlich zu dem Gebiet der Religions-philosophie gehören. Die Religions-philosophie in Japan im strengen Sinne des Wortes ist durch der Anstrengungen der Buddihisten und d
存在と自覚
Dieser Aufsatz versucht Kants Gedanken des “synthetischen Urteils a priori” auf das Problem des Zusammenhangs von Sein und Selbstbewußtsein hin zu interpretieren. Er besteht aus folgenden vier Kapitel. 1. Jedes “synthetische” Urteil bedarf eines Grundes, der nicht etwas Begriffliches ist. Eine Erläuterung des Charakters solches Urteils (im Vergleich zu der “analytischen Urteilstheorie” Leibnizens)
パスカルの回心論
À la veille de sa conversion définitive, Pascal prit conscience du péché qui habitait en lui, comme Paul dans l’Épître aux Romains (Ⅶ). La conception des 《contrariétés》dans l’Entretien de Pascal avec Saci est l’expression philosophique de cette conscience et la conception de la《confusion》dans son traité : Sur la conversion du pécheur est l’expression psychologique de cette même conscience. Selon P
田辺哲学に於ける宗教と国家の問題
“Philosophy as Metanoetics” made an epoch in the development of Tanabe’s philosophical thought. In this “philosophy that is not a philosophy” a human being is considered to be essentially related to the transcendental Absolute (i. e. absolute Nothingness) and to be converted by its action (i. e. Other-power or tariki). Thinking that Tanabe insisted on the autonomy of the reason (i. e. human being’
「空」の哲学
Die in der Gegenwart herrschende extrem fortgeschrittene Naturwissenschaft beeinflußt uns nicht nur stark im positiven, sondern auch im negativen Sinne. Im Zeitalter, in dem die Naturwissenschaft dominiert, kann die Religion weder von der Naturwissenschaft isoliert sein, noch sich rein in der Dimension des Sakralen und getrennt von der Dimension des Humanen befinden. Die Religion muß heute so umfa
二重世界内存在
In dem In-der-Welt-sein ist die Welt als umfassender Sinnraum des Daseins wegen ihrer Struktur des Bedeutungszusammenhangs be-grenzt. Be-grenzt heißt dabei: vom Jenseits der Grenze, d. h. vom Un-begrenzten be-grenzt und eben an der Grenze vom Un-begrenzten umgriffen. Das Dasein wohnt in der wesenhaft be-grenzten Welt, die ihrerseits von der un-begrenzten, un-endlichen Offenheit umgriffen und durch
Wandlung der Logik in den Frühschriften Nishidas
In diesem Aufsatz geht es darum, die Strukturwandlung der Logik Kitaro Nishidas (1870-1945) in Relation zur Wandlung seines Denkens von der Zeit der “reinen Erfahrung (jap.: Junsuikeiken)” bis zu der des “Selbstbewußtseins (jap.: Jikaku)” zu erhellen. Dabei soll darauf aufmerksam gemacht werden, daß Nishida zu Beginn seines Denkens hauptsächlich den Satz der Identität, aber zugleich auch den des W
知覚に於る経験と抽象
In his mature theory of perception, Whitehead acknowledges three modes of perception: perception in the mode of causal efficacy, perception in the mode of presentational immediacy, and perception in the mixed mode of symbolic reference. While presentational immediacy is the mode which is developed from the traditional lines of arguments, especially Hume’s, the mode of causal efficacy is defined to
ハイデガーにおける「言葉」の問題
Der Denkweg Heideggers wird von der Anstrengung geleitet, die Wahrheit des Seins zu sagen. In diesem Aufsatz geht es um die “Sprache” bei Heidegger. Zuerst wird der Denkweg Heideggers verfolgt. Seine “Sprache” des Denkens öffnet sich der Sprache des Dichtens, indem das Denken des Seins die Metaphysik “verwindet”. Sodann wird die Sache des Denkens betrachtet, die Heidegger auf seinem Denkweg gehen
個体化における他者と世界の問題
The “individuation” is the process of breaking away from “participation mystique.” The participation mystique is based on “identity,” an a priori oneness of subject and object, which can be thought of as the ‘unconscious’ itself. The process of individuation is, finally, the separation of subject from object. Then the problem is whether the identity between subject and object disappears when one r
新プラトン主義と中世ドイツ神秘思想に於ける「一性」の問題
Im neuplatonischen Denken wird alles als Resultat der Entfaltung des Einen, der ersten Hypostase, angesehen. Das Eine, welches in keinem Sinne Differenz und Andersheit enthält, ist für alles Seiende einschließlich der menschlichen Seele sowohl der Ursprung wie auch Ziel, zu dem die Seele über den Geist, d. h. über die in sich durch Differenz relationale Einheit, zurückkehren soll. Die Einheit des
日常性理解のために
Vom Standpunkt der Religionsphilosophie aus betrachtet, soll die Frage nach der Alltäglichkeit diejenige Sache behandeln, die in der gründlichen Frage, wo die Religion sich realisiert, thematisiert wird. Aber es ist sehr schwierig, die Alltäglichkeit thematisch zu behandeln, ohne ihre lebendige Seinsweise zu beschädigen, weil es als wesentlich angesehen werden muß, daß alles (also auch die Alltägl
茶道と宗教
Joãn Rodoriguez Tçuzu, der als Priester von der Gesellschaft Jesu 1577 Japan besuchte und 1610 dort verließ, notiert in seiner Schrift《Historia da Igreja du Japão》（Die Geschichte der Kirche in Japan) zwei Sorten von Chanoyu d. h. japanische Teezeremonie : nämlich einmal Higashiyamadono-chanoyu und zum anderen Suky-chanoyu. In der erstgenannten Sorte ist Higashiyamadono aus dem ersten Rufnamen von
天童遊戯
Warum wird der japanische Märchenerzähler und Dichter, Kenji Miyazawa (1896-1933), “Tendō” (wörtlich heißt es ‘Knabe im Himmelreich’，aber es hat noch eine andere Bedeutung, nämlich ‘Bodhisattva’）genannt ? Weil ich denke, daß man den Helden in seinem Märchen “Kari no dōji (Knabe, der in Wildgans verwandelt wurde)” als Abbild seines eigenen Selbst ansehen kann. Obwohl dieser Held einen gandharischen
展望：西田幾多郎によるヘーゲル哲学の受容と批判
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展望：倉田百三晩年の体験と西田哲学場所の論理
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ハイデッガーにおける「死」の問題
In dieser Abhandlung wird der Denkweg Heideggers im Hinblick auf den TOD, d.h. die GRUNDERFAHRUNG DES TODES betrachtet. Die Grunderfahrung des Todes, aus der sich das Denken von Sein und Zeit ergibt, war in ihrem Wesen “unterwegs zur Wahrheit des Seins”，wurde aber als Sein zum Tode innerhalb der metaphysischen Methodik behandelt. Nach dem sog. Abbruch von Sein und Zeit ging Heidegger auf den “Holz
和解
Hegel schätzte nicht nur die griechische Tragödie, sondern auch Shakespeares Hamlet. Aber er sah in Hamlet nicht den leidenden, wie Goethe sah, sondern vor der Handlung um Gewißheit ringenden und zweifelnden Hamlet, und konnte so in Hamlet die Versöhnung von Geist und Wirklichkeit finden. In dieser Sicht Hamlets glaubte er auch die Entzweiung zwischen Goethe, der gegen den kranken Königssohn (Haml
1801年のヘーゲル
Der größte Teil der Schriften Hegels vor dem Jahre 1800 ist theologisch, während die Schriften nach dem Jahre 1801 philosophisch sind. Das Jahr 1801 kann als Wendepunkt Hegels “von der Religion zur Philosophie” gesehen werden. Doch ist dieser Schritt keine Abwendung von der Religion, sondern die Vollendung der “wahrhaften Religion.” Aber diese Vollendung ist nicht der gerade Weg von der “schönen R
パスカルにおける哲学とキリスト教
En analysant l’《Entretien》，on peut découvrir le schéma suivant de transcendance. A cause de l’apparition de la grâce, la philosophie de Montaigne (pyrrhonisme) est surmontée par celle d’Epictète (panthéisme). Mais, celle-ci est aussi détruite par celle-là à cause de la disparition de la grâce, et ainsi toutes les deux tombent dans les contrariétés où se brise la raison. Ici le christianisme, dont
クザーヌスにおける〈人間〉の問題
Die Frage nach dem “Menschen” bei Nikolaus von Cues wird hauptsächlich in zwei verschiedenen Hinsichten in seinen theologisch-philosophischen Schriften gestellt, nämlich einmal im dritten Buch der “De docta ignorantia” (1440) und zum anderen in der Schrift “Idiota de mente” （1450). In der erstgenannten Schrift wird der Mensch grundsätzlich im metaphysischen Zusammenhang mit Gott (maximum absolutum
展望：黒人イスラムの世界からみたイスラム教倫理の一側面
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展望：宗教学的な宗教哲学の可能性
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ニーチェにおける「ましな人間（der höhere Mensch）」と肯定の問題
Higher Men are insufficient because they do not realize the nature of affirmation― for true affirmation is inseparable from that negation which negates those negative values which are created by the “will to nothing”. Therefore the affirmation conceived by them is merely an abstract image of true affirmation. True affirmation finds its power in the affirmability of life itself revealed in the expe
宗教と犠牲
What is the essence, the origin and the function of religion? To this important question in science of religion René Girard gave a very simple and clear reply in recent years. According to him, all religions come from sacrifice, and all sacrifices, after all, can be reduced to redemptive victims. The origin of the redemptive victims lies in human sacrifice, and animal sacrifice is the mere mimesis
キェルケゴールにおける殉教のキリスト教
It was on Dec. 18, 1854 that Kierkegaard’s discourse on the late Bishop Mynster appeared in a newspaper. It was the beginning of his attack upon “Christendom”. This treatise deals with the background and the development of this conflict. The relation between Kierkegaad and Mynster is considered first. Kierkegaard came into conflict with “Christendom” through the opposition to Mynster. Second, I de
ハイデッガー『有と時』における現象学の問題点
Heidegger nimmt die Phänomenologie als die eine einzige Methode für die Ontologie an und sagt, “Ontologie ist nur als Phänomenologie möglich”. Diese Phänomenologie in “Sein und Zeit” ist, meines Erachtens, nur für die Daseinsanalytik in diesem Buch gültig. Denn die Phänomenologie als “apophainesthai ta phainomena” hat in ihrer Wesensstruktur den “apo” -Charakter, der sich als “krinein logo (mit de
人間の生と身体
Die vollkommene Einheit von Leib und Geist erreignet sich nicht andres, in diesem Aufsatz versuche ich, als darin, das menschlichen Leben als Existenz entstehen zu lassen. Was der lebendige Mensch existiert, muß es so recht gleich zu sein, wie die Vereinigung beider steht. Das leistet einen guten Dienst dem unverträglich hintergelassenen Probleme bei Descrates, der einerseits die Sachlage zwischen
展望：マールブルク滞在報告―フィリップ大学附属宗教資料館について
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キェルケゴールにおける実存と時間
Die Auffassung der Zeit ist für jede menschliche Existenz entscheidend. Im Verhältnis zur Zeit entwickelt sich die Existenz von dem ästhetischen zu dem ethischen, religiösen und christlichen Stadium. Dieser Aufsatz versucht das Verhältnis jeder Existenz zur Zeit deutlich zu machen. 1. Das ästhetische Dasein lebt in dem Augenblick als der abstrakten Gegenwart, die nicht in der Sukzession der Zeit i
神無き実存の宗教性
In diesem Aufsatz versuche ich, so etwas wie Religiosität der gottlosen Existenz bei Nietzsche auf dem Wege der Erörterung seiner eigenen Existenz zu beleuchten. Auf die Existenzverwandlung in Nietzsches Lehre von den drei Existenzstufen hinblickend, soll der “Ewige-Wiederkunfts-Gedanke”, den er auch “Religion der Religionen” nennt, und der Gedanke des mit den griechischen Göttern gleichgesetzten
神話の問題
Nichts scheint auf den ersten Blick disparater als Wahrheit und Mythologie. Wir haben uns gewöhnt, unter Mythos eine Kunde zu verstehen, die im wörtlichen Sinne nicht wahr sein kann. Aber Schelling behauptet: Der Mythologie eignet Objektivität, Notwendigkeit und Wahrheit. Mit dieser These setzt Schelling sich allen bisherigen Theorien der Mythologie entgegen, die im äußersten Fall die Mythologie a
書評：<i>The Heart of Buddhism</i>
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書評：『宗教とは何か』の翻訳に当たって
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「言霊」試論
In this essay, we take the position that we should consider “kotodama” not as a primitive faith, but as a primitive fact, by which all other facts are possible. “Kotodama” is etymologically composed of koto (language) and tama (spirit). The moment of koto is concerned not only with the fields of linguistics in the narrow sense, but widely with the dimension of epistemological articulation, includi
ハイデガーにおける「間」と「途中」
In dieser Abhandlung wird der Denkweg Heideggers im Hinblick auf das “Zwischen”, d. h.das Da-sein betrachtet. Dieses Da des Daseins bedeutet einen Bereich, in den der Mensch als Ek-sistenz hinaussteht. Dieses Da ist aber primär die Lichtung des Seins. Also steht der Mensch als Ek-sistenz das Dasein als das geworfene aus. Nun soll die Erfahrung in diesem Da-sein gefragt werden. Heidegger nennt sie
理念と経験
Der Inbegriff aller Gegenstände, worauf Bergriffe bezogen werden, kann nach dem dazu erforderlichen Erkenntnisvermögen in drei Horizonte d. i. Feld, Boden und Gebiet, eingeteilt werden. Es scheint nun mir, daß der Kerngedanke in Kants Philosophie im ganzen das Problem der Idee und der Erfahrung ist. So erstens betrachten wir hauptsächlich die Idee überhaupt in Feld. In Boden ziehen wir, zweitens,
宗教的言語の特性
L’essence du langage religieux réside dans son role médiatrice de la transcendance, c’est-à-dire qu’il fait sortir le lecteur du monde quotidien rendu routenier pour le conduire vers un monde où il peut entreprendre sa possibilité la plus propre. En ce sens le langage religieux posséde la qualité de provoquer ce mouvement en agissant sur l’imagination. Car l’essence du celui-ci consiste aussi à co
宗教的作用の四類型
The four ideal types of the religious act may also be considered as the four stages of religious awakening. In this essay, the religious act is viewed from the side of the existential subjectivity as well as from the side of social objectivity. In my view, these two aspects are united in active religiosity. The content of this article was originally destined to be the introductory part of a series
新たな技術と国際法の適用可能性
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安全保障上の脅威をもたらす第三国船舶に対する公海における自衛の可否
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領域国の同意に基づく武力行使の今日的展開
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国家の「侵略行為」を前提とする「侵略犯罪」の主体
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連盟期国際法学における社会法モデル
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武力紛争法と人道化逆説
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国際司法裁判所判決の国内法秩序における効力
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国際司法裁判所における救済方法と紛争解決
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国際司法裁判所における原告適格拡大の論理構造
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条約解釈プロセスと国際司法裁判所規程63条に基づく訴訟参加
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紛争解決方式の1つとしての国際裁判
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グローバル・ジャスティスにおける「開発の国際法」の意義
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移民・難民法における正義論批判
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国連憲章第7章の措置によるグローバル・ジャスティス実現の道程
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体制移行期に求められるジャスティス
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国際法の課題としての世界正義
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国際法におけるグローバルな正義
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世界貿易機関 (WTO) と国際法の「立憲化」
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先住民族の事前の自由なインフォームド・コンセントを得る義務
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国連安全保障理事会と国際法の「立憲化」
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「立憲化」にとっての分権化と集権化
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国際立憲主義批判と批判的国際立憲主義
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国際人道システムの発展と東日本大震災
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原子力損害賠償条約と日本の対応
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厳格・拘束的かつ普遍的な原子力安全基準の設定と実効的遵守管理に向けて
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原子力災害と国際環境法
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自然災害と国際法の理論
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文民保護と武力紛争法
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近隣国における避難民の流出とEUの対応
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「保護する責任」と「保護される権利」
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グローバリゼーションの時代における『世界政府の思想』
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世界銀行の開発政策と「立憲化」
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国連事務局の機能変化
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見果てぬ夢, 国連常設軍
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ヨーロッパ人権裁判所の判例にみる人権と多文化主義との相克
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自由権規約委員会の規約解釈の法的意義
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国際人権法の現代的意義
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国際連合と地域的機構の関係
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国際法から「世界法」への架橋?
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国際社会の共通利益の実現のための規範と国際裁判手続
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国際刑事裁判所における規程非締約国の取扱い
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国際法秩序の断片化問題と統合への理論課題
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国連平和活動と国際人権法・国際人道法
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海洋漁業資源ガバナンスの現状と課題
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欧州庇護政策の現状と課題
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WTO体制下における「グローバリゼーション」の意味
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武力不行使原則の定立と治安確保型自衛権の位置づけ
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非国家主体に対する軍縮・不拡散
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テロリストによる核の脅威への法的対応
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環境保護における予防原則の意義と問題点
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感染症と災害の新たな脅威
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安全保障概念の歴史的展開
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国連安全保障理事会による国際法の「立法」
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国際刑事法の解釈・適用の実際と課題
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国際人権法における人権条約実施措置の今日的展開
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国際法における欠缺補充の法理
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締約国会議における国際法定立活動
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現代世界における紛争処理のダイナミックス
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グローバリゼーションの国際法秩序形成に及ぼす影響
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グローバリゼーションと刑事司法
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米国国家環境政策法 (NEPA) に基づく差止訴訟の検討
Online ISSN : 2185-9086 Print ISSN : 0917-0421 ISSN-L : 0917-0421
WTO体制におけるダンピング防止税の位置
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グローバリゼーションと国際社会の組織化
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グローバリゼーションの何が問題か
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多国間主義と法の支配
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国連による紛争処理システムの構造と課題
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グローバル化の進む世界と国連
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二一世紀の国連を考える
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批判法学の国際法ディスクール
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国際関係論の成立と国際法学
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条約解釈の神話と現実
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国際法学における実証主義の史的系譜
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国際人権法における個人の申立権の一考察
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NGOの役割の拡大と国際法上の地位
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国際法上の個人責任の拡大とその意義
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「民族紛争」と自決権の変容
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企業間合意の国際法上の意義と限界
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トランスナショナル・ローの現代的意義
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世界公共圏の構築としての「国際法の重層化」
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ソビエト国際法の挑戦と挫折
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ハーシュ・ラウターパクトが残したもの
Online ISSN : 2185-9086 Print ISSN : 0917-0421 ISSN-L : 0917-0421
「国家の二重機能」と現代国際法
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国際責任法理論と戦争法・武力紛争法
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国際紛争の平和的処理と強制的処理との関係
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いわゆる「無差別戦争観」と戦争の違法化
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ガブチコヴォ・ナジュマロシュ計画事件判決の国際法における意義
Online ISSN : 2185-9086 Print ISSN : 0917-0421 ISSN-L : 0917-0421
地球環境保護条約における履行確保の制度
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南極における環境保護の制度 (1)
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国連気候変動枠組条約制度の発展と締約国会議決定
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国際環境レジームの法的側面
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核兵器をめぐる法と戦略の交錯
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核実験の国際的規制の展開
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NPT・IAEA体制の新展開
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排他的経済水域と大陸棚のレジーム形成とその相関関係についての考察
Online ISSN : 2185-9086 Print ISSN : 0917-0421 ISSN-L : 0917-0421
直線基線の最近の傾向
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国際海洋法秩序の50年
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Regional Security System in the Asia-Pacific
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RECENT GLOBAL TRENDS IN REGIONALISM AND APEC
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地域人権機構とアジア太平洋
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アジア太平洋経済協力の制度化にみられる特徴
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国際法委員会の国際刑事裁判所規程について
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「人道に対する罪」処罰の今日的展開
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南極制度における人類利益と機能主義
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国連海洋法条約第11部実施協定の採択
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世界政府論の提起するもの
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世界連邦運動からみた国際連合
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人権保障の国際化と国際連合
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集団安全保障と安全保障理事会の役割
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国連の普遍化と総会の役割
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国際司法裁判所の役割
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国際紛争解決システムにおける司法的解決の意義
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リージョナルな共通利益と領域管轄権
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地球生命系の保全に関する法制度
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海洋環境の国際的保護に関する法制度
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ロメ協力における環境問題
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開発の国際法における「規範の多重性」論
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アジア・太平洋地域の場合
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アフリカ統一機構を中心とするアフリカ
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米州機構の現状と課題
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欧州秩序再編と下位地域
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EC市場統合の法的性格と現段階
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イラク・クウェート紛争と国際連合の平和保障機能
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国際連合総会の意思決定手続
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地球気候変動と国際機構
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国際機構の特権免除と国家主権
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国連の諸活動と国家主権
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「新たなビジョン・明日の国連」について
Online ISSN : 2185-9086 Print ISSN : 0917-0421 ISSN-L : 0917-0421
国連の平和維持活動と日本
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経済・社会協力と国連機構
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平和維持と国際連合のあり方
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田畑茂二郎先生に聞く-世界法の理念について
Online ISSN : 2185-9086 Print ISSN : 0917-0421 ISSN-L : 0917-0421
海上経済戦における中立法規の適用について
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世界法の概念について
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世界法研究会-世界法学会発足の頃
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国際法における新兵器の取扱い
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国際人道法の世界法的側面
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国際機構と国際社会の組織化
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平和維持活動の「ガイドライン」について
Online ISSN : 2185-9086 Print ISSN : 0917-0421 ISSN-L : 0917-0421
幕末期における蒸気船運転と蒸気機関 : 加賀藩の発機丸を事例に
The author will clarify the engine operation and its specifications of Hakki-Maru of Kaga clan that was the steamship introduced to Japan at the end of the Tokugawa period. Hakki-Maru was propelled by sails and a steam engine on Japanʼs coastline. The engine operation was relatively smooth under the calm weather, but some steam leaks of the boiler occurred mainly at the stormy weather. Though the
日本の宇宙電波天文学研究が世界水準に達した経緯 : 野辺山観測所における科学目標設定と装置開発
In the 1960s, radio astronomy research in Japan was at a developing stage in comparison with that of leading countries. However, in the following decades the situation improved dramatically, and Japan gained a competitive position in this research field. This was achieved largely through the construction of the Nobeyama Radio Observatory (NRO). This paper describes the NROʼs construction history b
アゴラ 地球惑星科学の科学論研究をどのように進めたらよいか? : 日本地球惑星科学連合2019年大会の報告と12年間の活動をふり返る
アゴラ 地球惑星科学の科学論研究をどのように進めたらよいか? : 日本地球惑星科学連合2019年大会の報告と12年間の活動をふり返る
共同利用研究所における自治の相克
Inter-University Research Institutes (IURIs) are supposed to be shared properties of the researchers of corresponding disciplines. The Institute of Nuclear Study (INS) affiliated to the University of Tokyo was the first IURI equipped with large scientific facilities. A newly found set of records, collected and archived by Hiroo Kumagai, a former professor of INS, gives us new insights and interpre
岩橋家によって製作された3点の小型一閑張望遠鏡の発見
The purpose of this paper is to identify who fabricated the three small Ikkanbari (一閑張) telescopes discovered by the author, and to estimate when these telescopes were fabricated from a historical perspective. Zenbei IWAHASHI (1756–1811) was one of the most famous Japanese telescope makers of the Edo period and fabricated many high-performance telescopes. After Zenbeiʼs death, his successors inher
東海発電所の安全審査をめぐる論争 : 原子力災害を中心に
This paper examines controversy during the safety examination of the first commercial nuclear power plant (NPP) in Japan, the Tokai Nuclear Power Plant, focusing on the issue of major accidents. Politicians, bureaucrats, business leaders, and engineers generally pushed for the plantʼs construction, while scientists̶mainly physicists̶opposed it. At the time, nuclear power technology was a rapidly g
明治初期大阪におけるアメリカ人医療宣教師と医学教育
In 1859, some American Protestant denominations started medical missions in Japan. The medical missionaries tried to eliminate the Japanese people’s prejudice against Christianity by offering medical care and education to the local communities. In the 1870s, several young medical students and ambitious medical practitioners asked the American medical missionaries for instruction about Western medi
戦間期ウィーンの「創造的優生学」 : パウル・カンメラーの優生思想
This paper discusses the eugenics of Paul Kammerer (1880–1926), an Austrian biologist active from the early 20th century to the interwar period, in context of chance, population, and causality in science. After World War I, selective eugenics permeated Western society. Kammerer, however, asserted that creating good characteristics was more important than eliminating bad characteristics. Kammerer g
原子爆弾と戦争廃絶・放棄論1945~1946
The "Russell-Einstein Manifesto" issued in 1955, a year after the Bikini incident, called upon the world for the abolition of nuclear weapons and war. It is well known that a similar assertion was made in a journal article in 1946 by Yoshio Nishina, one of Japanʼs prominent nuclear physicists who officially studied the damage of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. This paper shows that
日本陸軍による液体塩素工業の育成 : 化学兵器を事例とした軍産関係とデュアルユースの考察
The Japanese Imperial Army worked on the production of liquid chlorine when it began research and development of chemical weapons that appeared in the WWI. The objective was to have liquid chlorine produced by commercial companies and delivered to the army. However, this project failed because of the high costs and lack of demand for the product in the civilian sector. Subsequently, the Japanese I
核融合専門部会によるB計画の立案と先送り
Japanese researchers who initiated fusion research were of the common view that “fusion research should start from basic research.” However, the A-plan (“developing and realizing new ideas”) and the B-plan (“building medium-sized devices”) proposed in March 1959 by Kakuyugo Senmonbukai (the Special Panel on Nuclear Fusion Research, established in 1958) of the Japan Atomic Energy Commission under t
ジョン・ハリス『レクシコン・テクニクム・マグナム』(1702年)にみる百科事典の編纂と出版計画
John Harris (ca. 1666-1719) was a fellow of the Royal Society of London. He is known for his masterpiece, Lexicon technicum (1704). As the first encyclopedia written in English, his work enjoyed considerable success and was frequently reprinted through the eighteenth century. My article examines Harrisʼs compilation method and publishing strategy. I aim to account for his success within its histor
米国初期動力炉開発過程における炉型評価 : 動力炉デモンストレーション・プログラムと軽水炉の浮上
In early 1950s USAEC launched the strategic step of R&D named “Power Reactor Demonstration Program” in the nuclear power reactors development. The purpose of the program was to enlist private resources to demonstrate the technical and economic feasibility of power reactors. In this program, the light water reactors established a basic design concept in a short development period, but it was econom
『天経或問』の刊本と写本
The Tianjing huowen 天経或問 of You Yi 游藝 (fl. 17C.) is a book on natural philosophy, composed under strong influence from the scholarly circle led by Fang Yizhi 方以智 (1611-1671) in the Jiangnan region. Although this book is known to have been more widely distributed in Japan than in China, no extensive survey of its textual exemplars has so far been carried out. Based on a survey of existing printed e
竹内時男と人工放射性食塩事件 : 1940年代初めの科学スキャンダル
This paper examines one of the most publicized scientific scandals in Japan before the end of WWII, Takeuchi Tokioʼs alleged discovery of artificially induced radioactivity in common salt. In 1936, Takeuchi, then an associate professor at Tokyo Institute of Technology, claimed a discovery of a new way to produce a radioactive substance. According to his paper, he could induce radioactivity in comm
13世紀イスラームの医学擁護 : クトゥブッディーン・シーラーズィーの伝統的議論
The astronomer, physician, philosopher, Quṭb al-Dīn al-Shīrāzī (d. 1311), known as the author of Commentary on the Canon of Medicine by Ibn Sīnā (d. 1037), wrote a short treatise on medical ethics, Explanation of the Need for Medicine and Physicians. In this article, I elucidate how Shīrāzī explained the need for medicine, and point out the characteristic of his argument. In Chapter One of the wor
工部大学校の終焉と帝国大学への移行をめぐる評価
The Imperial College of Engineering (ICE, or Kōbu-Daigakkō) in Tokyo, founded in 1873 under the auspices of the Ministry of Public Works, was one of the most prominent modern institutions of engineering education in early Meiji Japan. The college offered seven (later eight) courses in engineering. A total of 211 students graduated from ICE in seven times commencements during 13 years of operation
木村駿吉の四元数理解と「万国四元法協会」の提案
Shunkichi Kimura (1866-1938) studied quaternions during his stay in the U.S. from 1893 to 1896. In particular he deepened and widened his understanding of quaternions. Kimura was first introduced quaternions by one of Scottish teachers who were working in early Meiji Japan. These teachers were former students of Peter Guthrie Tait (1831-1901) at Edinburgh University. Tait had developed quaternions
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Edmund Burke and the Common Law Tradition Reconsidered
スコットランド啓蒙
21世紀の生物学の哲学
G.E.ムアと自然主義の誤謬
イギリス「帝国」研究の現在
イギリス保守主義
ミル研究の現在
近世スコットランド史の研究動向
啓蒙、共和主義、経済学
ロック没後300年学会―オックスフォード便り
第31回ヒューム学会年次大会（東京）への道
第１回イギリス理想主義研究会報告
因果性批判と懐疑論
倫理学（2）現代
倫理学（1）倫理思想史
J.S.ミルの正義論
美学
英国経験論との対比から見たカントとポパーの哲学
特別寄稿 初期近代自然法の意義
第二回国際リード・シンポジウムおよびリード・プロジェクト
トマス・リード研究の動向
リード哲学の研究動向
19世紀フランスへのスコットランド哲学の流入
ヒューム研究の動向（2）―社会哲学
ヒューム研究の動向（1）―知識論
フランシス・ベイコン研究の現在
回顧と展望 ―日本イギリス哲学会創立二〇周年によせて―
功利主義者いうのはほんまに魔女やろか
アバディーン啓蒙のニュートン主義
徳・自由・寛容
ジョージ・グロートのソクラテス論
公正の条件
契約主義と平等の理念
選好功利主義と普遍化可能性
バークリのフラクション法批判
十九世紀前半のイギリスにおける政治改革と教育文化に関する一試論
アーノルド『教養と無秩序』の生成と構造
バークリの空間・運動について
アリスンの観念連合主義美学
ロバート・ファーガソンの政治思想
モアとベイコンの政治観
過去概念の源泉としての再認
スミス倫理学の展開に関する一考察
アイザイア・バーリンの自由論における政治観
自然的徳と人為的徳
ジョン・ロックのプロパティ概念
ハーシェルとミル
ヒュームにおける政治学の構想
研究余滴 J・ロックの寛容論にみられる現代的意義について
ロバート・ハーレの政治理念
ジョン・トーランド『キリスト教は神秘ならず』の一つの背景―反三位一体論争
ホッブズにおける善の観念
研究余滴 維新前夜の日本におけるイギリスとフランス
ジョン・ロックにおける仮説的方法
シャフツベリの「モラル・センス」
北方ルネサンスニつの最善政体論
ヒューム道徳哲学における実践とコンヴェンションの概念
J・S・ミル政治思想の社会学的前提
スミスとビュフォン
ベンタムにおける『立法者問題』
スミス学問論の思想的発展
英学復興
ジョン・ロックの宗教的寛容の精神
ヒュームの幾何学思想
Is Hare's Fanatic Possible?
ヒュームと同一性の問題
ピューリタン革命期の千年王国論
粒子仮説とロックの第一・第二性質論
ヒュームにおける自然法と契約説の転換
J・S・ミル『功利主義論』における快の質的区別の意味
E・バーク『イギリス史略』の一考察
「功績・罪過の感覚」の原理について
トマス・モアにおける職業としての政治
J・S・ミルとコールリッジ
ボリンブルクの議会政治観
E・バーク『崇高と美』の課題
ジョン・ロックにおける“同意”論の意味
所有の労働理論に対するカントの批判
初期モアの社会諸観念
同感論における『人間本性論』と『道徳原理研究』
ジョン・ロックの学問論
正義論におけるヒュームとスミス
イギリス革命期の民衆運動の人間像
ジョン・ロック『寛容にかんする書簡』の一考察
明治の文明開化のさきがけ
ヒュームにおける「歴史」
D・ヒュームの政治社会論における契約説批判の意義
ヒューム因果論または「事実」に関する知識の根拠についての一考察
科学と想像力の役割
神と国家
ヒュームと内省の問題
S・アレグザンダーとA・N・ホワイトヘッド
F・ベイコン思想に於ける善について
ロックの認識批判における自然法の基礎づけ
パズルは解けたか
ホッブズ機械論的自然像の形成過程
日米安保条約は「冷戦の産物」 中国が日米首脳会談に反発
ON A CORLETT-HAGUE RULE IN AN ECONOMY WITH PURE PROFIT
PROTECTION, FOREIGN CAPITAL AND NATIONAL WELFARE IN THE PRESENCE OF UNEMPLOYMENT
動学的貿易モデル
内生的経済成長理論
PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS AND AUSTRALIA'S ECONOMIC PROSPECTS
不完全情報,金融仲介,経済発展
PRODUCTIVITY AND INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS IN JAPAN AND THE UNITED STATES, 1960-1985
情報開示の強制と企業のインセンティヴ
A PRICE ADJUSTMENT PROCESS FOR AN ECONOMY WITH INCREASING RETURNS
THE PRODUCTION RESPONSES OF THE COMPETITIVE FIRM TO INCREASES IN OUTPUT-PRICE RISK, AND IN OUTPUT-PRICE DOWNSIDE RISK: A SYNTHESIS
OPTIMAL MONETARY POLICY WITH FINITE LIFETIMES
MARKET STRUCTURE AND QUALITY REGULATION
ON EQUITY CRITERIA WHICH ARE COMPATIBLE WITH LINDAHL'S EQUILIBRIUM CONCEPT
A GRADUAL SWITCHING REGRESSION AND ITS APPLICATION TO TESTING THE STABILITY OF MONEY DEMAND FUNCTIONS IN U.S., CANADA, AND JAPAN
COMPETITIVE STRATEGIES IN A DYNAMIC DUOPOLY OVER A BUSINESS CYCLE
PRODUCTION POSSIBILITIES AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE WITH PUBLIC INTERMEDIATE GOOD: A FURTHER GENERALIZATION
NOTES ON PROF. UEKAWA'S SUFFICIENT CONDITIONS FOR THE EXISTENCE OF THE WORLD PRODUCTION POSSIBILITY FRONTIER
THE MEASUREMENT OF WASTE WITH INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALES
MULTILATERAL TAX AND TARIFF REFORM
TESTING EQUALITY BETWEEN SETS OF COEFFICIENTS IN TWO LINEAR REGRESSIONS WHEN ERROR TERMS ARE AUTOCORRELATED
THE CONVENTIONALLY STABLE SETS IN NONCOOPERATIVE GAMES WITH LIMITED OBSERVATIONS: AN APPLICATION TO MONOPOLY AND OLIGOPOLY
THE EXISTENCE, UNIQUENESS AND GLOBAL STABILITY OF COMPETITIVE EQUILIBRIUM UNDER GROSS SUBSTITUTABILITY: A DIFFERENCE EQUATION APPROACH
THE DETERMINANTS OF INTERNATIONAL SPECIALIZATION IN MANUFACTURED GOODS, 1965-1980
REVERSE SENIORITY RULES AND THE RESPONSIVENESS OF WAGES AND EMPLOYMENT TO EXTERNAL SHOCKS: A NOTE ON THE JAPANESE EXPERIENCE
DID THE GASOLINE PRICE INCREASES CHANGE CONSUMER EVALUATIONS OF CARS IN JAPAN DURING 1970-83?
TRADITIONAL TECHNOLOGY AND ITS IMPACT ON JAPAN'S INDUSTRY DURING THE EARLY PERIOD OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
HOW WELL DID THE JAPANESE LIVE IN THE TOKUGAWA PERIOD? A HISTORIAN'S REAPPRAISAL
Takeshi Amemiya, ADVANCED ECONOMETRICS Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1985, pp. 521, $39.50
HEDONIC PRICE INDEXES OF JAPANESE PASSENGER CARS OVER 1970-83: A NOTE
HIGHER DIMENSIONAL ISSUES IN THE RYBCZYNSKI THEOREM WITH NONTRADED GOODS AND INTERINDUSTRY FLOWS
ON THE OPTIMAL SHORT-RUN MONEY SUPPLY MANAGEMENT UNDER THE MONETARIST LONG-RUN MONEY SUPPLY RULE
THE PRESENT POSITION OF MACROECONOMICS
THE COMPATIBILITY BOUNDS TEST IN MIXED REGRESSION
鈴木亨の「存在者逆接空」の哲学とその射程
岡村康夫著『シェリング哲学の躓き―『世界時代』の構想の挫折とその超克』
親鸞における「臨終来迎」
土井健司著『救貧看護とフィランスロピア―古代キリスト教におけるフィランスロピア論の生成』
ベルクソンにおける努力と創造
松丸壽雄 著『直接知の探究―西田・西谷・ハイデッガー・大拙』
理解と対話
鈴木大拙の禅思想に寄せて
質疑応答
三木清と武内義範
質疑応答
宗教哲学の問い
応答と超越
質疑応答
無限とイマージュ
透明化する媒介
「宗教と生命倫理」とはいかなる事柄か
武内先生のこと
Le sens et le langage
近代日本における宗教経験をめぐる言説
質疑応答
経験の自己理解
討論
熊が神になる時
展望:宗教倫理学会
ロゴセラピーと宗教
討論
宗教哲学と心理療法
表現と自己
展望：『京都哲学』発掘
論争：宗教と言葉
カントにおける意志の自由と自然の問題
キェルケゴールにおける宗教性Ｂの構造
書評：Donald W. Mitchell: Spirituality and Emptiness ― The Dynamics of Spiritual Life in Buddhism and Christianity
書評：Cobb and Ives(ed.)：<i>The Emptying God: A Buddhist-Jewish-Christian conversation</i>
神の安息をめぐる比喩的解釈と字義的解釈
キェルケゴールにおける倫理の問題
親鸞の非僧非俗をめぐって
展望：枯淡について
宗教と性的二元性
ライプニッツにおける個性と超越
海洋法における正義
災害と法と課題
原子力災害と人権
無国籍者の難民性
「保護される権利」
断片化問題の応答としての個人基底的立憲主義
紛争処理と平和維持に関わる安保理の動向
国際法とジェンダー
過程としての国際法
国際環境法とNG
紛争解決
接続水域
内陸国と海洋
問題提起
軍縮と国際機構
戦後日本と国際連合
世界法学会の思い出
小特集 今日の科学史リテラシーとは : ヒストリオグラフィーと教授戦略
小特集 日独中における産業IoTの展開と科学技術体制
ハイム・ガルベル(1903-1937)の技術論 : 消された、もうひとつのマルクス主義技術論
アゴラ ワイマルンと共に研究した岩瀬栄一 : 原子力に関して戦前から戦後にかけて携わる
科学史入門 古星図・星表の新しい年代推定法 : キトラ古墳天文図を手掛かりに
科学史入門 ヴィクトリア時代の医学と医療について
科学史入門 科学史における図像の製作と利用について
国立研究所の光学ガラスの研究と高松亭
科学普及活動家ルイ・フィギエと死後の魂をめぐる問題
科学史入門 イギリスにおける煤煙問題
シンポジウム 科学史研究の成果をどのように科学教育に生かすか
ブループラーク・ロンドン Blue Plaque（青の記念盤）
原子力"平和"利用と20世紀社会主義
科学史入門 日本軍の航空戦略と技術開発
シンポジウム 150年を迎えた科学・理科・実業教育の史的新実相を求めて : 「理科」誕生期前後の新知見とその現代的再構成
小特集 仮説実験授業の実際とその根底にあるもの
日本科学史学会75周年記念事業特集
シンポジウム 放射線影響評価の国際機関(UNSCEAR)の歴史と現在 : 東電福島原発事故の健康影響をめぐる日本の論争を理解するために
小特集 日本における黎明期の科学史研究と戦後の復興
科学者による特攻兵器の研究・開発
中心差にみる重修大明暦と授時暦の類似性
科学史入門 喜多源逸と化学の京都学派
シンポジウム 帝国大学における研究者の知的基盤に関する研究
アスベストに代わる建材の開発・高橋輝
シンポジウム 板倉聖宣の科学史研究と仮説実験授業
齊藤孝祐(著)『軍備の政治学』を読む
明治40年代「名和靖日記」
シンポジウム 吉岡斉追悼シンポジウム : 吉岡斉の現代科学技術史研究とその可能性
科学史入門 なぜ石原純か
科学史入門 体外受精-胚移植の導入と日本の不妊医療研究
シンポジウム 全相運先生追悼シンポジウム : 「韓国」科学技術史を再考する
アゴラ 2018年地球惑星科学連合大会における科学論セッションの報告
朝鮮医学史研究の近年の動向について