環境 Python 3.11.2 pandas 2.0.2 起きたこと pandas.DataFrameにkeyがtupleであるdictを渡すと、MultiIndexな列を持つDataFrameを生成できます。 In [94]: data = {("japan","male"):[1,2,3], ("japan","female"):[11,12,13], ("u.s.","male"):[2,3,4]} In [94]: data Out[95]: {('japan', 'male'): [1, 2, 3], ('japan', 'female'): [11, 12, 13], ('u.s.', 'male'): [2, 3, 4]} In [96]: df1 = pandas.DataFrame(data) In [97]: df1 Out[97]: japan u.s. male