Notes All timings are for a 5,000 by 5,000 pixel 8-bit RGB image in uncompressed tiled TIFF format, 128 by 128 pixel tiles. Each test was run with something like: time ./vips.sh wtc_tiled_small.tif wtc2.tif On a quiet system with the quickest real time of three runs recorded. I didn't try to clear the disc cache so the disc speed should not be a factor. The peak memory column was found by sampling