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What is NUMA ? Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) means that memory accessing times of a program running on a CPU depends on the relative distance between that CPU and that memory. In fact, most of the NUMA systems are built in such a way that processors have their local memory, on which they can operate very fast. On the other hand, getting and storing data from and on remote memory (that is, memor
CentOS 5.1以降ではXen対応カーネルが供給されていますのでそれほど重要ではないのですが、LinuxカーネルにはXen用のPVドライバ(ParaVirtual Driver)が提供されています。 PVドライバを利用すると、IAアーキテクチャ向けのカーネルをXenの上で実行しつつ、最大のボトルネックであるディスクI/OやネットワークI/Oだけを仮想化しパフォーマンスを確保することができます。 ・ /etc/modules.conf の修正 ・ 初期RAMディスクの再生成 ・ /etc/fstabの修正 ・ /etc/modules.conf の修正 ・ 仮想マシン定義ファイルの修正 ・ 再起動、動作確認 ・ 初期RAMディスクをもう一回再生成 ● /etc/modules.confの修正 Xen PVドライバを適用するため、HVMドメインにインストールされたCentOSの /etc/
Xen Project PVHVM drivers for Linux HVM guests This page lists some resources about using optimized paravirtualized PVHVM drivers (also called PV-on-HVM drivers) with Xen Project fully virtualized HVM guests running (unmodified) Linux kernels. Xen Project PVHVM drivers completely bypass the Qemu emulation and provide much faster disk and network IO performance. Note that Xen Project PV (paravirtua
This time, it's not a news about Xen Orchestra, but a benchmark of virtualization modes: PVHVM vs PV. When I saw the numbers from Rackspace, well... I choose to do my own tests here, despite it's in other context (small test lab). We'll (re)explain concepts first, then our test protocol and at least the results. PV, HVM and PVHVM PV (Paravirtualization) is an original Xen concept, allowing running
This page contains answers to some common problems and questions about Xen. This list contains the most frequently asked questions. You may also want to check out the articles in Category:FAQ. Each section in this document links to further questions in other FAQ documents. General I'd like to contribute to the Xen Project wiki pages, I have something to add/edit/fix, how can I do it? Contributions
Best Practices for Xen Project This wiki page lists various best practices for running Xen Project hypervisor. Information here applies to opensource Xen Project software from XenProject.org, not necessarily to XenServer or XCP. Paravirtualization (PV) or (hardware-assisted virtualization) HVM Paravirtualization used to be the recommended choice, because it required no hardware support and less em
Tuning your Xen installation: recommended settings Storage options There are several choices for storage, however it is important to understand that the IO performance inside of the guest depends greatly on the storage option used: LVM: this is probably the simplest way for obtaining good storage IO performance on Linux without much hassle. ZFS ZVOLS: this is a more advanced configuration, and sho
Introduction This page evaluates the performance of the Xen VCPU schedulers with different parameters/patches and under different guest loads. The motivation was the observation that a configuration where dom0 vcpus were pinned to a set of pcpus in the host using dom0_vcpus_pin and the guests were prevented from running on the dom0 pcpus (here called "exclusively-pinned dom0 vcpus", or xpin) cause
EC2 における仮想化方式や kernel の扱いにはいくつか種類があって、 カスタマイズ (パフォーマンスチューニングなど) をする上で必要になることがあります。 C3 インスタンスや I2 インスタンスの登場で、それらがより重要になってきた感があるので一度まとめてみます。 * この記事は基本的に Linux についてまとめています 大前提 世に出ている仮想化基盤はいくつかありますが EC2 に使われているのは Xen です。 ただし ハードウェアサポートの追加、インスタンスタイプに応じた各 VM リソースの割り当て方、 ネットワークの扱いなど、 Xen そのものに相当なカスタマイズが行われていることは想像に難くないと思います。 (とか言って API から上だけで実現されていたらそれはそれで面白いですね) 仮想化方式 PV (paravirtual) EC2 ではサービス開始当初から P
The information in this page is out-dated. It doesn't reflect the latest performance of Xen network drivers. Please have a look at https://events.linuxfoundation.org/sites/events/files/slides/zoltan_kiss_xensummit2014_network_perf.pdf for latest information. Overview This page discusses the performance of an implementation of multiple transmit and receive queues (multiple shared rings) for xen-net
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