Michael McConnell: Top doesn't display CPU usage of ipchains or ipvsadm. vmstat doesn't display CPU usage of ipchains or ipvsadm. Joe ipchains and ipvsadm are user tools that configure the kernel. After you've run them, they go away and the kernel does it's new thing (which you'll see in "system"). Unfortunately for some reason that no-one has explained to me "top/system" doesn't see everything. I