For the past year, building an AI agent usually meant one thing: setting up a while loop, take a user prompt, send it to an LLM, parse a tool call, execute the tool, send the result back, and repeat. This is what we call a Shallow Agent or Agent 1.0. This architecture is fantastically simple for transactional tasks like "What's the weather in Tokyo and what should I wear?", but when asked to perfo

