Born in Lisbon in 1967, Rafael Toral belongs to a generation of artists – Kevin Drumm, Jim O’Rourke, Christian Fennesz, Peter Rehberg, Mika Vainio, Christoph Heemann, Otomo Yoshihide, Oren Ambarchi, etc. – who emerged onto the global experimental music scene during the 1990s, pioneering a new form of electronic music that often drew in equal parts from rock, jazz, ambient music, and minimalism. It

