法律のデータ構造と検索
デジタル庁は、法令標準 XML スキーマに準拠した、現行の法令データをe-Gov法令検索というサイト上で公開しています[1]。今回、この法令XMLをパースするPythonライブラリ ja-law-parser をつくり、法令データの全文検索をしてみました。 この記事では、日本の法令とそのデータ構造、法令XMLパーサについて解説し、最後に、それらを使った法令データの全文検索システムを実装する方法をご紹介します。法令検索の実装についても、GitHubリポジトリで公開しています。 この記事は、情報検索・検索技術 Advent Calendar 2023の16日目の記事です。 法律と法令 法律とは 法律の制定と公布 法律と法令の違い 法律の改正 法令のデータ構造 e-Govの法令データ 法令標準XMLスキーマ 法令番号と法令ID 題名 本則と附則 条・項・号 編・章・節・款・目 法令XMLパーサ：
【Python 3.12】型ヒント機能がいつの間にか進化していたので、慌ててキャッチアップする - ABEJA Tech Blog
ABEJA でプロダクト開発を行っている平原です。 先日、バックエンドで使っているGo言語のお勉強しようと「go言語 100Tips ありがちなミスを把握し、実装を最適化する」を読んでいました。その中でinterfaceは（パッケージを公開する側ではなく）受け側で定義するべきという記述を見つけてPythonでも同じことできないかと調べていると（PythonではProtocolを使うとうまくいきそうです。）、どうやら型ヒント機能がかなりアップデートされていることに気づき慌てて再入門しました。（3.7, 3.8あたりで止まってました。。） この記事では、公式ドキュメントを見ながら適当にコードを書き散らし、どの機能はどこまで使えるのか試してみたことをまとめてみました。 docs.python.org 環境 Python: 3.12.1 エディタ: Visual Studio Code Pylan
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) K. Davis Request for Comments: 9562 Cisco Systems Obsoletes: 4122 B. Peabody Category: Standards Track Uncloud ISSN: 2070-1721 P. Leach University of Washington May 2024 Universally Unique IDentifiers (UUIDs) Abstract This specification defines UUIDs (Universally Unique IDentifiers) -- also known as GUIDs (Globally Unique IDentifiers) -- and a Uniform Resou
Update 1.69.1: The update addresses these issues. Update 1.69.2: The update addresses these issues. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welcome to the June 2022 release of Visual Studio Code. There are many updates in this version that we hope you'll like, some of the key highlights include: 3-way merge editor - Resolve merge conflicts wit
Join a VS Code Dev Days event near you to learn about AI-assisted development in VS Code. Update 1.67.1: The update addresses this security issue. Update 1.67.2: The update addresses these issues. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welcome to the April 2022 release of Visual Studio Code. There are many updates in this version that we hope
In 2013, I had an idea: "what if I were to build my programming language?". Back then my idea came down to "an interpreted language that mixes elements from Ruby and Smalltalk", and not much more. Between 2013 and 2015 I spent time on and off trying different languages (C, C++, D and various others I can't remember) to see which one I would use to build my language in. While this didn't help me fi
Coroutines and effects
For the past few months I’ve been mulling over some things that Russell Johnston made me realize about the relationship between effect systems and coroutines. You can read more of his thoughts on this subject here, but he made me realize that effect systems (like that found in Koka) and coroutines (like Rust’s async functions or generators) are in some ways isomorphic to one another. I’ve been pon
Beyond the 70%: Maximizing the human 30% of AI-assisted coding
Beyond the 70%: Maximizing the human 30% of AI-assisted codingWhy durable human skills matter in the age of AI-assisted coding This is a follow-up to my article “The 70% problem: Hard truths about AI-assisted coding” AI coding assistants like Cursor, Cline, Copilot and WindSurf have transformed how software is built, shouldering much of the grunt work and boilerplate. Yet, as experienced developer
Real-world gen AI use cases from the world's leading organizations | Google Cloud Blog
AI is here, AI is everywhere: Top companies, governments, researchers, and startups are already enhancing their work with Google's AI solutions. Published April 12, 2024; last updated October 9, 2025. Automotive & Logistics Business & Professional Services Financial Services Healthcare & Life Sciences Hospitality & Travel Manufacturing, Industrial & Electronics Media, Marketing & Gaming Public Sec
This article is a translation, the original version is available here. I started using the OCaml language regularly around 2012, and since then, my interest and enthusiasm for this language have only grown. It has become my preferred choice for almost all my personal projects, and it has also influenced my professional choices. Since 2014, I have been actively participating in public conferences d
An AI-native software engineer is one who deeply integrates AI into their daily workflow, treating it as a partner to amplify their abilities. This requires a fundamental mindset shift. Instead of thinking “AI might replace me” an AI-native engineer asks for every task: “Could AI help me do this faster, better, or differently?”. The mindset is optimistic and proactive - you see AI as a multiplier
I find blockchain fascinating because it extends open source software development to open source + state. This seems to be a genuine/exciting innovation in computing paradigms; We don’t just get to share code, we get to share a running computer, and anyone anywhere can use it in an open and permissionless manner. The seeds of this revolution arguably began with Bitcoin, so I became curious to dril
LambdaLisp - A Lisp Interpreter That Runs on Lambda Calculus
LambdaLisp is a Lisp interpreter written as an untyped lambda calculus term. The input and output text is encoded into closed lambda terms using the Mogensen-Scott encoding, so the entire computation process solely consists of the beta-reduction of lambda calculus terms. When run on a lambda calculus interpreter that runs on the terminal, it presents a REPL where you can interactively define and e
Update 1.90.2: The update addresses these issues. Update 1.90.1: The update addresses these issues. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welcome to the May 2024 release of Visual Studio Code. There are many updates in this version that we hope you'll like, some of the key highlights include: Editor tabs multi-select - Select and perform act
Tree Sitter and the Complications of Parsing Languages
Tree Sitter and the Complications of Parsing Languages I talk about tree sitter, CEDET, and Combobulate – my "paredit-style" package that's designed to work with most programming languages. You might be surprised to hear when you visit a file in Emacs that the syntax highlighting you are shown on your screen is – most likely – a potpourri of regular expressions with a dash of functions and syntax
Python Interview Questions
Here is a list of common Python interview questions with detailed answers to help you prepare for the interview as a Python developer. Python, with its versatile use cases and straightforward syntax, has seen its popularity growing continuously in software development, data science, artificial intelligence, and many other fields. As such, interviews for Python-related positions are designed not on
Sketch of a Post-ORM
I’ve been writing a lot of database access code as of late. It’s frustrating that in 2023, my choices are still to either write all of the boilerplate by hand, or hand all database access over to some inscrutable “agile” ORM that will become a crippling liability in the 2-3y timescale. This post is about how I want to use databases, from the perspective of an application server developer—not a DBA
Performance of Python programs has been a major focus of development for the language over the last five years or so; the Faster CPython project has been a big part of that effort. One of its subprojects is to add an experimental just-in-time (JIT) compiler to the language; at last year's PyCon US, project member Brandt Bucher gave an introduction to the copy-and-patch JIT compiler. At PyCon US 20
[Simon Tatham, initial version 2023-09-01, last updated 2025-03-25] [Coroutines trilogy: C preprocessor | C++20 native | general philosophy ] Introduction Why I’m so enthusiastic about coroutines The objective view: what makes them useful? Versus explicit state machines Versus conventional threads The subjective view: why do I like them so much? “Teach the student when the student is ready” They s
In Data Science, we primarily use Python as a programming language to perform operations on the available datasets. This article will discuss concepts and details for using Pythons to simplify data operations in data science. Pros and Cons of Python for Data OperationsEven though the pros outweigh the cons, it is crucial to look at both aspects. So, let’s have a look at the advantages and limitati
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RFC 9562: Universally Unique IDentifiers (UUIDs)
June 2022 (version 1.69)
April 2022 (version 1.67)
A decade of developing a programming language
xvw.lol - Why I chose OCaml as my primary language
The AI-Native Software Engineer
A from-scratch tour of Bitcoin in Python
May 2024 (version 1.90)
Following up on the Python JIT
Philosophy of coroutines
Using Python to Simplify Data Operations in Data Science