Don't write clean code, write CRISP code — Bitfield Consulting
I’m sure we’re all in favour of “clean code”, but it’s one of those motherhood-and-apple-pie things that no one can reasonably disagree with. Who wants to write dirty code, unless maybe it’s for a porn site? The problem, of course, is that few of us can agree on what “clean code” means, and how to get there. A rule like “methods should only do one thing”, looks great on a T-shirt, but it’s not so
Developers are increasingly relying on AI coding assistants to accelerate our daily workflows. These tools can autocomplete functions, suggest bug fixes, and even generate entire modules or MVPs. Yet, as many of us have learned, the quality of the AI’s output depends largely on the quality of the prompt you provide. In other words, prompt engineering has become an essential skill. A poorly phrased
A few months ago, I set myself the challenge of writing a C compiler in 500 lines of Python1, after writing my SDF donut post. How hard could it be? The answer was, pretty hard, even when dropping quite a few features. But it was also pretty interesting, and the result is surprisingly functional and not too hard to understand! There's too much code for me to comprehensively cover in a single blog
LogLog Games
The article is also available in Chinese. Disclaimer: This post is a very long collection of thoughts and problems I've had over the years, and also addresses some of the arguments I've been repeatedly told. This post expresses my opinion the has been formed over using Rust for gamedev for many thousands of hours over many years, and multiple finished games. This isn't meant to brag or indicate su
Programming is an iterative process - as much as we would like to come up with the perfect solution from the start, it rarely works that way. Good programs often start as quick prototypes. The bad ones stay prototypes, but the best ones evolve into production code. Whether you’re writing games, CLI tools, or designing library APIs, prototyping helps tremendously in finding the best approach before
Happy New Year everyone! In late December 2023 (Christmas Day to be precise), CPython core developer Brandt Bucher submitted a little pull-request to the Python 3.13 branch adding a JIT compiler. This change, once accepted would be one of the biggest changes to the CPython Interpreter since the Specializing Adaptive Interpreter added in Python 3.11 (which was also from Brandt along with Mark Shann
31st December 2024 A lot has happened in the world of Large Language Models over the course of 2024. Here’s a review of things we figured out about the field in the past twelve months, plus my attempt at identifying key themes and pivotal moments. This is a sequel to my review of 2023. In this article: The GPT-4 barrier was comprehensively broken Some of those GPT-4 models run on my laptop LLM pri
4 Pandas Anti-Patterns to Avoid and How to Fix Them
pandas is a powerful data analysis library with a rich API that offers multiple ways to perform any given data manipulation task. Some of these approaches are better than others, and pandas users often learn suboptimal coding practices that become their default workflows. This post highlights four common pandas anti-patterns and outlines a complementary set of techniques that you should use instea
Gamedev in Lisp. Part 1: ECS and Metalinguistic Abstraction - cl-fast-ecs by Andrew
Gamedev in Lisp. Part 1: ECS and Metalinguistic Abstraction In this series of tutorials, we will delve into creating simple 2D games in Common Lisp. The result of the first part will be a development environment setup and a basic simulation displaying a 2D scene with a large number of physical objects. It is assumed that the reader is familiar with some high-level programming language, has a gener
Weird Lexical Syntax
I just learned 42 programming languages this month to build a new syntax highlighter for llamafile. I feel like I'm up to my eyeballs in programming languages right now. Now that it's halloween, I thought I'd share some of the spookiest most surprising syntax I've seen. The languages I decided to support are Ada, Assembly, BASIC, C, C#, C++, COBOL, CSS, D, FORTH, FORTRAN, Go, Haskell, HTML, Java,
CUPID: for joyful coding
What started as lighthearted iconoclasm, poking at the bear of SOLID, has developed into something more concrete and tangible. If I do not think the SOLID principles are useful these days, then what would I replace them with? Can any set of principles hold for all software? What do we even mean by principles? I believe that there are properties or characteristics of software that make it a joy to
Golang Mini Reference 2022: A Quick Guide to the Modern Go Programming Language (REVIEW COPY)
Golang Mini Reference 2022 A Quick Guide to the Modern Go Programming Language (REVIEW COPY) Harry Yoon Version 0.9.0, 2022-08-24 REVIEW COPY This is review copy, not to be shared or distributed to others. Please forward any feedback or comments to the author. • feedback@codingbookspress.com The book is tentatively scheduled to be published on September 14th, 2022. We hope that when the release da
Parsing SQL - Strumenta
The code for this tutorial is on GitHub: parsing-sql SQL is a language to handle data in a relational database. If you worked with data you have probably worked with SQL. In this article we will talk about parsing SQL. It is in the same league of HTML: maybe you never learned it formally but you kind of know how to use it. That is great because if you know SQL, you know how to handle data. However
Masato Hagiwara Open in Recto Pad Google Colab Github Recto Pad TL;DR Recto is a 2D programming language that uses nested rectangles as its core syntax, encoding structure and recursion directly in space instead of a linear stream of text. Recto explores new ways to write, parse, and reason about code—and even natural language—spatially. Introduction Open in Recto Pad Virtually all the languages w
I thought it would be fun to go outside of my comfort zone of web development topics and write about something completely different and new, something I have never written about before. So today, I'm going to show you how to implement a programming language! The project will parse and execute programs written in a simple language I called my (I know it's a lame name, but hey, it is "my" language).
Show navigation A recent article on WebAssembly Garbage Collection (WasmGC) explains at a high level how the Garbage Collection (GC) proposal aims to better support GC languages in Wasm, which is very important given their popularity. In this article, we will get into the technical details of how GC languages such as Java, Kotlin, Dart, Python, and C# can be ported to Wasm. There are in fact two m
Over the course of my Spring 2020 semester at Harvey Mudd College, I developed a self-hosting compiler entirely from scratch. This article walks through many interesting parts of the project. It’s laid out so you can just read from beginning to end, but if you’re more interested in a particular topic, feel free to jump there. Or, take a look at the project on GitHub. Table of contents What the pro
This post is an account of why I prefer using the attrs library over Pydantic. I'm writing it since I am often asked this question and I want to have something concrete to link to. This is not meant to be an objective comparison of attrs and Pydantic; I'm not interested in comparing bullet points of features, nor can I be unbiased since I'm a major contributor to attrs (at time of writing, second
The OpenSSL punycode vulnerability (CVE-2022-3602): Overview, detection, exploitation, and remediation | Datadog Security Labs
emerging threats and vulnerabilities The OpenSSL punycode vulnerability (CVE-2022-3602): Overview, detection, exploitation, and remediation November 1, 2022 emerging vulnerability On November 1, 2022, the OpenSSL Project released a security advisory detailing a high-severity vulnerability in the OpenSSL library. Deployments of OpenSSL from 3.0.0 to 3.0.6 (included) are vulnerable and are fixed in
htmy
Source code: https://github.com/volfpeter/htmy Documentation and examples: https://volfpeter.github.io/htmy htmy Async, pure-Python server-side rendering engine. Unleash your creativity with the full power and Python, without the hassle of learning a new templating language or dealing with its limitations! Key features Async-first, to let you make the best use of modern async tools. Powerful, Reac
I first learned Kubernetes ("k8s" for short) in 2018, when my manager sat me down and said "Cloudflare is migrating to Kubernetes, and you're handling our team's migration." This was slightly terrifying to me, because I was a good programmer and a mediocre engineer. I knew how to write code, but I didn't know how to deploy it, or monitor it in production. My computer science degree had taught me a
World’s First MIDI Shellcode Jan 2025 · 45 min read I gained remote code execution via MIDI messages to trick my synth into playing Bad Apple on its LCD. This blog post is about my journey with this reverse engineering project. Final iteration of Bad Apple The beginning I’ve had this Yamaha PSR-E433 synth for a very long time, and a couple of years ago I decided to open it up — partly because it w
Tier 4 Support § Support for these targets is entirely experimental. If this target is provided by LLVM, LLVM may have the target as an experimental target, which means that you need to use Zig-provided binaries for the target to be available, or build LLVM from source with special configure flags. zig targets will display the target if it is available. This target may be considered deprecated by
It is December. That means annoying Christmas things are everywhere, including but not limited to the annual programming semi-competition known as Advent of Code. The problem with Advent of Code is that it is a waste of time. Most of the puzzles are in the realm of either string processing (somewhat applicable to programming), logic puzzles (not really applicable to most programming), or stupid go
I want to write a post about Pitchfork, explaining where it comes from, why it is like it is, and how I see its future. But before I can get to that, I think I need to share my mental model on a few things, in this case, Ruby’s GVL. For quite a long time, it has been said that Rails applications are mostly IO-bound, hence Ruby’s GVL isn’t that big of a deal and that has influenced the design of so
The Go Programming Language and Environment – Communications of the ACM
Go is a programming language created at Google in late 2007 and released as open source in November 2009. Since then, it has operated as a public project, with contributions from thousands of individuals and dozens of companies. Go has become a popular language for building cloud infrastructure: Docker, a Linux container manager, and Kubernetes, a container deployment system, are core cloud techno
My thoughts on writing a Minecraft server from scratch (in Bash) For the past year or so, I've been thinking about writing a Minecraft server in Bash as a thought excercise. I once tried that before with the Classic protocol (the one from 2009), but I quickly realized there wasn't really a way to properly parse binary data in bash. Take the following code sample: function a() { read -n 2 uwu echo
The Andrej Karpathy episode. Andrej explains why reinforcement learning is terrible (but everything else is much worse), why model collapse prevents LLMs from learning the way humans do, why AGI will just blend into the previous ~2.5 centuries of 2% GDP growth, why self driving took so long to crack, and what he sees as the future of education. Watch on YouTube; listen on Apple Podcasts or Spotify
25th May 2025 Anthropic publish most of the system prompts for their chat models as part of their release notes. They recently shared the new prompts for both Claude Opus 4 and Claude Sonnet 4. I enjoyed digging through the prompts, since they act as a sort of unofficial manual for how best to use these tools. Here are my highlights, including a dive into the leaked tool prompts that Anthropic did
Once upon a time, someone with the handle “entha_saava” posted this question on Hacker News: Can someone knowledgeable explain how are lisp REPLs different from Python / Ruby REPLs? What is the differentiating point of REPL driven development? The answer is that there is a particular kind of programming in which you build a program by interacting with it as it runs, and there are certain languages
I’m a fairly frequent Hacker News lurker, especially when I have some other important task that I’m avoiding. I normally head to the Active page (lots of comments, good for procrastination) and pick a nice long discussion thread to browse. So over time I’ve ended up with a good sense of what topics come up a lot. “The Bay Area is too expensive.” “There are too many JavaScript frameworks.” “Bootcam
GIMP 2.99.12 is a huge milestone towards GIMP 3.0. Many of the missing pieces are getting together, even though it is still a work in progress. As usual, issues are expected and in particular in this release which got important updates in major areas, such as canvas interaction code, scripts, but also theming… “CMYK space invasion”, by Jehan (based on GPLv3 code screencast), Creative Commons by-sa
prompts.chat
Welcome to the “Awesome ChatGPT Prompts” repository! While this collection was originally created for ChatGPT, these prompts work great with other AI models like Claude, Gemini, Hugging Face Chat, Llama, Mistral, and more. ChatGPT is a web interface created by OpenAI that provides access to their GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) language models. The underlying models, like GPT-4o and GPT-o
PySkyWiFi: completely free, unbelievably stupid wi-fi on long-haul flights | Robert Heaton
The plane reached 10,000ft. I took out my laptop, planning to peruse the internet and maybe do a little work if I got really desperate. I connected to the in-flight wi-fi and opened my browser. The network login page demanded credit card details. I fumbled for my card, which I eventually discovered had hidden itself inside my passport. As I searched I noticed that the login page was encouraging me
Arti 1.0.0 is released: Our Rust Tor implementation is ready for production use. | Tor Project
Arti 1.0.0 is released: Our Rust Tor implementation is ready for production use. by nickm | September 2, 2022 Back in 2020, we started work on a new implementation of the Tor protocols in the Rust programming language. Now we believe it's ready for wider use. In this blog post, we'll tell you more about the history of the Arti project, where it is now, and where it will go next. Background: Why Ar
Update 1.75.1: The update addresses these issues. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welcome to the January 2023 release of Visual Studio Code. There are many updates in this version that we hope you'll like, some of the key highlights include: Profiles - Create and share profiles to configure extensions, settings, shortcuts, and more. VS
Introduction Some part of me has always been fascinated with coercing code to run in weird places. I scratch this itch a lot with my security research projects. These often lead me to writing shellcode to run in kernels or embedded hardware, sometimes with the only way being through an existing bug. For those not familiar, shellcode is honestly hard to describe. I don’t know if there’s a very form
If you are a Rubyist, you’ve likely been writing # frozen_string_literal: true at the top of most of your Ruby source code files, or at the very least, that you’ve seen it in some other projects. Based on informal discussions at conferences and online, it seems that what this magic comment really is about is not always well understood, so I figured it would be worth talking about why it’s there, w
We recently overhauled our internal tools for visualizing the compilation of JavaScript and WebAssembly. When SpiderMonkey’s optimizing compiler, Ion, is active, we can now produce interactive graphs showing exactly how functions are processed and optimized. You can play with these graphs right here on this page. Simply write some JavaScript code in the test function and see what graph is produced
Rust Programming Language Tutorial – How to Build a To-Do List App
By Claudio Restifo Since its first open-source release in 2015, the Rust programming language has gained a lot of attention from the community. It's also been voted the most loved programming language on StackOverflow's developer survey each year since 2016. Rust was designed by Mozilla and is considered a system programming language (like C or C++). It has no garbage collector, which makes its pe
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The Prompt Engineering Playbook for Programmers
Writing a C compiler in 500 lines of Python
Prototyping in Rust | corrode Rust Consulting
Python 3.13 gets a JIT
Things we learned about LLMs in 2024
Recto — a truly 2D language
Building a Toy Programming Language in Python
A new way to bring garbage collected programming languages efficiently to WebAssembly · V8
Kalyn: a self-hosting compiler for x86-64
Why I use attrs instead of pydantic
Solving common problems with Kubernetes
World's First MIDI Shellcode
0.8.0 Release Notes ⚡ The Zig Programming Language
Advent of Code on the Nintendo DS
So You Want To Remove The GVL?
My thoughts on writing a Minecraft server from scratch (in Bash)
Andrej Karpathy — AGI is still a decade away
Highlights from the Claude 4 system prompt
On repl-driven programming - by mikel evins
Hacker News folk wisdom on visual programming
GIMP - Development version: GIMP 2.99.12 Released
January 2023 (version 1.75)
Rust on MIPS64 Windows NT 4.0
Frozen String Literals: Past, Present, Future?
Who needs Graphviz when you can build it yourself?