[B! sociology][psychology] tsuka_ryoのブックマーク

Steven Pinker: fighting talk from the prophet of peace

tsuka_ryo 2011/10/16

a hostility to modernity is shared by ideologies that have nothing else in common – a nostalgia for moral clarity, small-town intimacy, family values, primitive communism, ecological sustainability, communitarian solidarity, or harmonies with the rhythms of nature.

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Is Violence History? (Published 2011)

It is unusual for the subtitle of a book to undersell it, but Steven Pinker’s “Better Angels of Our Nature” tells us much more than why violence has declined. Pinker, a professor of psychology at Harvard who first became widely known as the author of “The Language Instinct,” addresses some of the biggest questions we can ask: Are human beings essentially good or bad? Has the past century witnessed

tsuka_ryo 2011/10/08

シンガーの書評：he also thinks that the invention of printing, and the development of a cosmopolitan “Republic of Letters” in the 17th and 18th centuries helped to spread ideas that led to the humanitarian revolution.

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Sam Harris | Home of the Making Sense Podcast

Interviews Twilight of ViolenceAn Interview with Steven Pinker Steven Pinker is a Professor of Psychology at Harvard University, the author of several magnificent books about the human mind, and one of the most influential scientists on earth. He is also my friend and an occasional mentor. Steve’s new book is The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence Has Declined. Reviewing it for the New York

tsuka_ryo 2011/10/04

An Interview with Steven Pinker

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Steven Pinker’s The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Should You Believe in World Peace?

Steven Pinker’s book The Better Angels of Our Nature posits an ongoing trend toward peace Photo via Gambrus/Wikipedia. Is pessimism a biological trait, implanted in our ancestors by natural selection, or a learned, culturally inculcated propensity? Either way, it’s awfully widespread these days. Almost everyone I know seems glum, especially about the prospects for a more peaceful world. A year ago

tsuka_ryo 2011/10/04

我々の、遺伝的に喧嘩・競争好きという性質は永遠に地球上に楽園を実現する私たちの試みを阻止するだろう……しかしピンカーは我々は我々の遺伝子の奴隷ではないことを強調している、と

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Steven Pinker: Why Violence Is Vanishing

This copy is for your personal, non-commercial use only. Distribution and use of this material are governed by our Subscriber Agreement and by copyright law. For non-personal use or to order multiple copies, please contact Dow Jones Reprints at 1-800-843-0008 or visit www.djreprints.com. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424053111904106704576583203589408180.html We believe our world is riddled

tsuka_ryo 2011/09/26

暴力を減少させてきた社会的要因の話とか

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The Better Angels of Our Nature by Steven Pinker - review

When you heard that a gunman had slaughtered scores of Norwegian teenagers on a holiday island earlier this summer, did you think that here was another symptom of our sick and violent world? So did I, until I read Steven Pinker's brilliant, mind-altering book about the decline of violence. Pinker does not deny that individual human beings are capable of the most appalling acts of savagery. But the

tsuka_ryo 2011/09/26

"At the heart of this book is Pinker's careful, compelling account of why the 20th century does not invalidate his thesis that violence is in a long decline. "

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どうして人々や機関はやるべきと分かっていることをやらないのか - himaginary’s diary

というタイトルの論文をハーバード大経済学部教授のデビッド・カトラー（David M. Cutler*1）が書いた（Mostly Economics経由；原題は「Why Don’t People and Institutions Do What They Know They Should?」）。そこで彼は、ピッツバーグ近郊のアレゲニー総合病院（Allegheny General Hospital）が中心静脈関連血流感染（Central Line Associated Bloodstream Infections）を防ぐ方策を手順化して劇的な効果を上げ、多額の費用を節約することに成功したにも関わらず、他の病院がそれに倣わなかった、という事例を冒頭で報告している。そして、なぜ人々は、やるのが正しいと分かっていて、それをやることのコストも低く、かつ、やることが自らの利益になることも分かっているこ