Implementing Vertical Form Controls
Safari 17.4 adds vertical writing mode support for form control elements across macOS, iOS, iPadOS, and visionOS. Setting written text vertically is commonly observed in East Asian languages. For example, Chinese, Japanese, and Korean (CJK) may be written vertically and read top-to-bottom, flowing in lines from right to left. Similarly, Traditional Mongolian is a vertical script that flows in line
Release Notes for Safari Technology Preview 175
Safari Technology Preview Release 175 is now available for download for macOS Sonoma beta and macOS Ventura. If you already have Safari Technology Preview installed, you can update it in System Settings under General → Software Update. This release includes WebKit changes between: 265694@main…266088@main. Accessibility Fixed some content on web pages not displaying on braille displays (265957@main
Introducing Slot-Based Shadow DOM API
We’re pleased to announce that basic support for the new slot-based shadow DOM API we proposed in April is now available in the nightly builds of WebKit after r190680. Shadow DOM is a part of Web Components, a set of specifications that were initially proposed by Google to enable the creation of reusable widgets and components on the Web. Shadow DOM, in particular, provides a lightweight encapsula
ECMAScript 6 in WebKit
ES6 brings a lot of new and interesting language features to JavaScript. ES6 has learned from many of JavaScript’s past mistakes and has crafted new language features that have clearer and easier to understand semantics. let and const are examples of this; they are block scoped declarations and thus not prone to the common errors caused by misunderstanding var scoping semantics. ES6 also includes
JavaScript Type and Code Coverage Profiling
Web Inspector now has two great tools designed to make debugging JavaScript programs easier: the Code Coverage Profiler and the Type Profiler. The Code Coverage Profiler visually displays exactly which sections of your JavaScript program have executed. The Type Profiler visually annotates important variables with the collected set of type information for those variables. Both tools make understand
Complex CSS Selectors Inside Selectors
Since last year, WebKit supports many selectors defined in the draft of CSS Selectors Level 4. In this post, we will see a special subset of new selectors: new pseudo classes that take other selectors as arguments. Those are :matches(), :not(), :nth-child(), and :nth-last-child(). All the selectors discussed in this post work for styling with CSS, and for querying with JavaScript (querySelector(),
Using ARIA 1.0 and the WebKit Accessibility Node Inspector
On the heels of the 25th birthday of the Web, WAI-ARIA 1.0—the specification for Accessible Rich Internet Applications—is a W3C Recommendation, thanks in part to WebKit’s implementation. Most major web applications use ARIA and related techniques to improve accessibility and general usability. Many web developers are familiar with the simple parts of ARIA, such as retrofitting roles in legacy or o
Introduction to WebKit Content Blockers
Browser extensions have been a big part of modern browsers for a while now. With extensions, everyone can change their browser to their preferences. Today, there are several models to extend browsers. Most extensions are written in JavaScript and loaded by the browser, following a model introduced by Mozilla over a decade ago. That model is also used with WebKit. It is the classical way to write e
Building WebKit for iOS Simulator
Note: This post has been updated with a new tool for enabling Xcode to build command line tools. I am proud to formally announce that you can now build and run top-of-tree WebKit for iOS in the iOS Simulator. We have updated the pages on webkit.org with details on building for iOS Simulator. For your convenience, I have summarized the steps to get you up and running below: Install Xcode 6.1.1 or n
Introducing the JetStream Benchmark Suite
Today we are introducing a new WebKit JavaScript benchmark test suite, JetStream. JetStream codifies what our de facto process has been — to combine latency and throughput benchmarks with roughly equal weighting, and capturing both metrics of traditional JavaScript programming styles as well as new JavaScript-based technologies that have captured our imaginations. Scores on JetStream are a good in
Introducing the WebKit FTL JIT
WebKit’s FTL JIT (Faster Than Light Just In Time compiler) has switched to a new backend — Bare Bones Backend (B3) replaces LLVM as the low-level optimizer in the FTL JIT. Just a decade ago, JavaScript – the programming language used to drive web page interactions – was thought to be too slow for serious application development. But thanks to continuous optimization efforts, it’s now possible to w
Overview of WebKit’s CSS JIT Compiler
When it comes to performance, JavaScript generally gets the headlines. But if you look carefully, web pages are not all JavaScript, the performance of all the other parts also has a dramatic impact on the user experience. Observing only JavaScript gives a single point of view over the complex mosaic that is web performance. Making CSS faster and more scalable is an area of research in the WebKit p
State of Web Inspector
Last year, Safari 6 included a reimagination of Web Inspector that aligned the design and user experience with Xcode 4. This design, while familiar to Mac and iOS developers, alienated some web developers familiar with the old Web Inspector. Over the last year we have listened and have taken all your feedback to heart. We are happy to announce the next version of Web Inspector, released as a devel
Announcing SunSpider 1.0
The popular SunSpider JavaScript benchmark suite was originally released by the WebKit team over five years ago, in December 2007. It was engineered to be a balance of real JavaScript code from the web, and to serve as a blueprint for the sorts of language-level operations that the WebKit JavaScript engine should, but was as yet unable to, optimize. And optimize we did: intriguingly, the original
Last week in WebKit: a new hope
A lot of great changes happened this week. There was the first stable release of WebKitGTK+ 2, which is the GTK+ port of WebKit2. A lot of cleaning has been going on and WebKit is getting smaller and building faster. The bot infrastructure has also been moved over from old servers to their new home independent from chromium. New behaviors Some new features this week: Allan started support for CSS4
WebKit SVG Status
WebKit is an open source Web content engine for browsers and other applications. We value real-world web compatibility, standards compliance, stability, performance, battery life, security, privacy, portability, usability, and relative ease of understanding and modifying the code (hackability). Project Goals Web Content Engine The project’s primary focus is content deployed on the World Wide Web,
WebKit Page Cache I – The Basics
This is the first of two posts that will center around a modern browser engine feature that doesn’t usually get a lot of press: The Page Cache. Today I’ll talk a bit about what this feature is, why it often doesn’t work, and what plans we have to improve it. Page Cache Overview Some of you might be more familiar with what other browsers call their Page Cache. Firefox calls theirs the “Back-Forward
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WebKit Features in Safari 17.2
ElementInternals and Form-Associated Custom Elements
WebKit Feature Status