Syntax Highlighting in Hand-Coded Websites The problem I have been trying to identify practical reasons why hand-coding websites with HTML and CSS is so hard (by hand-coding, I mean not relying on frameworks, generators or 3rd party scripts that modify the DOM). Let's say, I want to make a blog. What are the actual things that prevent me from making—and maintaining—it by hand? What would it take t
Over the course of my Spring 2020 semester at Harvey Mudd College, I developed a self-hosting compiler entirely from scratch. This article walks through many interesting parts of the project. It’s laid out so you can just read from beginning to end, but if you’re more interested in a particular topic, feel free to jump there. Or, take a look at the project on GitHub. Table of contents What the pro
Join a VS Code Dev Days event near you to learn about AI-assisted development in VS Code. Update 1.70.1: The update addresses these issues. Update 1.70.2: The update addresses these issues. Update 1.70.3: This update is only available for Windows 7 users and is the last release supporting Windows 7. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welc
If you combine this with the Unicode table, you’ll see that English is encoded with 1 byte, Cyrillic, Latin European languages, Hebrew and Arabic need 2, and Chinese, Japanese, Korean, other Asian languages, and Emoji need 3 or 4. A few important points here: First, UTF-8 is byte-compatible with ASCII. The code points 0..127, the former ASCII, are encoded with one byte, and it’s the same exact byt
KDL is a small, pleasant document language with XML-like node semantics that looks like you're invoking a bunch of CLI commands! It's meant to be used both as a serialization format and a configuration language, much like JSON, YAML, or XML. It looks like this: package { name my-pkg version "1.2.3" dependencies { // Nodes can have standalone values as well as // key/value pairs. lodash "^3.2.1" op
Tier 4 Support § Support for these targets is entirely experimental. If this target is provided by LLVM, LLVM may have the target as an experimental target, which means that you need to use Zig-provided binaries for the target to be available, or build LLVM from source with special configure flags. zig targets will display the target if it is available. This target may be considered deprecated by
This paper reflects work done in late 2022 and 2023 to audit for vulnerabilities in terminal emulators, with a focus on open source software. The results of this work were 10 CVEs against terminal emulators that could result in Remote Code Execution (RCE), in addition various other bugs and hardening opportunities were found. The exact context and severity of these vulnerabilities varied, but some
Update 1.86.2: The update addresses these issues. Update 1.86.1: The update addresses these issues. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welcome to the January 2024 release of Visual Studio Code. There are many updates in this version that we hope you'll like, some of the key highlights include: Per-window zoom levels - Adjust the zoom leve
Tier 4 Support § Support for these targets is entirely experimental. If this target is provided by LLVM, LLVM may have the target as an experimental target, which means that you need to use Zig-provided binaries for the target to be available, or build LLVM from source with special configure flags. zig targets will display the target if it is available. This target may be considered deprecated by
Version 1.108 is now available! Read about the new features and fixes from December. Release date: August 7, 2025 Update 1.103.1: The update adds GPT-5 prompt improvements, support for GPT-5 mini, and addresses these issues. Update 1.103.2: The update addresses these issues. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welcome to the July 2025 rele
I’m a fairly frequent Hacker News lurker, especially when I have some other important task that I’m avoiding. I normally head to the Active page (lots of comments, good for procrastination) and pick a nice long discussion thread to browse. So over time I’ve ended up with a good sense of what topics come up a lot. “The Bay Area is too expensive.” “There are too many JavaScript frameworks.” “Bootcam
Reading the excellent article by JeanHeyd Meneide on how broken string encoding in C/C++ is made me realise that Unicode is a topic that is often overlooked by a large number of developers. In my experience, there’s a lot of confusion and wrong expectations on what Unicode is, and what best practices to follow when dealing with strings that may contain characters outside of the ASCII range. This a
Try Mastering Emacs for free! Are you struggling with the basics? Have you mastered movement and editing yet? When you have read Mastering Emacs you will understand Emacs. It’s that time again: there’s a new major version of Emacs and, with it, a treasure trove of new features and changes. Notable features include the formal inclusion of native compilation, a technique that will greatly speed up y
Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Update 1.72.1: The update addresses these security issues. Update 1.72.2: The update addresses these issues. Welcome to the September 2022 release of Visual Studio Code. There are many updates in this version that we hope you'll like, some of the key highlights include: Tool bar customization - Hide/show
Large Text Compression Benchmark Matt Mahoney Last update: Mar. 25, 2026. history This competition ranks lossless data compression programs by the compressed size (including the size of the decompression program) of the first 109 bytes of the XML text dump of the English version of Wikipedia on Mar. 3, 2006. About the test data. The goal of this benchmark is not to find the best overall compress
Motivation Ever since TJ said “Personalized Development Environment,” the phrase latched onto me like a cobweb in a mineshaft. A Personalized Development Environment (PDE) describes an ideal setup that is tailored to your needs and preferences – it lies between a bare-bone text editor and a full-fledged IDE. It is a place where you can be productive, efficient, and comfortable. It is a place that
Following up from the last post, there is a lot more we need to cover. This was intended to be the post where we talk exclusively about benchmarks and numbers. But, I have unfortunately been perfectly taunted and status-locked, like a monster whose “aggro” was pulled by a tank. The reason, of course, is due to a few folks taking issue with my outright dismissal of the C and C++ APIs (and not showi
Here's a classic Python quine to demonstrate the self-reproducing behavior: s = 's = %r\nprint(s %% s)' print(s % s) s holds a string that is almost the whole program, including the placeholder %r, which formats via repr(). The print(s % s) uses Python's old C-style %-formatting. Important notes about the characters inside s: %r is a placeholder: it tells Python to insert the repr() of the argumen
Introduction: These Aren’t the JSONs You’re Looking For JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) was designed as a simple, lightweight, and human-readable data interchange format, often positioned as a more accessible alternative to XML. It has become the de facto standard for web APIs and system integration. However, while the specification itself is straightforward, different programming languages and
Accepted at ICLR 2026 (Oral). GEPA: REFLECTIVE PROMPT EVOLUTION CAN OUTPER- FORM REINFORCEMENT LEARNING Lakshya A Agrawal1 , Shangyin Tan1 , Dilara Soylu2 , Noah Ziems4 , Rishi Khare1 , Krista Opsahl-Ong5 , Arnav Singhvi2,5 , Herumb Shandilya2 , Michael J Ryan2 , Meng Jiang4 , Christopher Potts2 , Koushik Sen1 , Alexandros G. Dimakis1,3 , Ion Stoica1 , Dan Klein1 , Matei Zaharia1,5 , Omar Khattab6
LambdaLisp - A Lisp Interpreter That Runs on Lambda Calculus
LambdaLisp is a Lisp interpreter written as an untyped lambda calculus term. The input and output text is encoded into closed lambda terms using the Mogensen-Scott encoding, so the entire computation process solely consists of the beta-reduction of lambda calculus terms. When run on a lambda calculus interpreter that runs on the terminal, it presents a REPL where you can interactively define and e
Update 1.90.2: The update addresses these issues. Update 1.90.1: The update addresses these issues. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welcome to the May 2024 release of Visual Studio Code. There are many updates in this version that we hope you'll like, some of the key highlights include: Editor tabs multi-select - Select and perform act
Pythonを使って、BOOTHで販売している英辞郎のテキストデータをMDict化し、BOOX Leaf2 の辞書に登録してみた - メモ的な思考的な
去年くらいから、 E-Inkディスプレイ搭載のAndroid端末 BOOX Leaf2 で、KindleやO’Reillyアプリの電子書籍を読んでいます*1。 BOOX Leaf2 – SKT株式会社 普通のAndroidタブレットで電子書籍を読むのに比べたら、 Leaf2 は目はあまり疲れない感じです。 また、KindleやO’Reillyアプリは起動時がややもっさりしますが、一度起動してしまえばそこまでのストレスはありません。 ところで、O’Reillyアプリでは洋書も読んでいるものの、「この単語は何だっけ...？」となることがよくあります。 Leaf2 に辞書機能はあるものの、その中には英和辞書がありません。 辞書を追加する方法がないか調べたところ、BOOXのヘルプページに以下の記載がありました。 To add a dictionary to your device, do the
HTML Whitespace is Broken September 2, 2024Recently, I was working on a project which required a deeper understanding of how whitespace works in HTML. I was never a fan of HTML's whitespace behavior before as I've been burned by it a few times. But as I dug into it more deeply, I found myself discovering complex design issues that I wanted to explore in a blog post. This is partially to write down
Fitting a Forth in 512 bytes
Fitting a Forth in 512 bytes June 10, 2021 · 31 minute read This article is part of the Bootstrapping series, in which I start from a 512-byte seed and try to bootstrap a practical system. Software is full of circular dependencies if you look deep enough. Compilers written in the language they compile are the most obvious example, but not the only one. To compile a kernel, you need a running kerne
Release date: September 11, 2025 Update 1.104.1: The update addresses these issues. Update 1.104.2: The update addresses these issues. Update 1.104.3: The update addresses these issues. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welcome to the August 2025 release of Visual Studio Code. There are many updates in this version that we hope you'll li
Parsing in GoLet’s examine how Go parses JSON, XML, and YAML. Go’s standard library provides JSON and XML parsers but not a YAML parser, for which there are several third-party alternatives. For our analysis, we’ll focus on: encoding/json version go1.24.1encoding/xml version go1.24.1yaml.v3 version 3.0.1 (the most popular third-party Go YAML library)We’ll use JSON in our following examples, but al
Django for Startup Founders: A better software architecture for SaaS startups and consumer apps
In an ideal world, startups would be easy. We'd run our idea by some potential customers, build the product, and then immediately ride that sweet exponential growth curve off into early retirement. Of course it doesn't actually work like that. Not even a little. In real life, even startups that go on to become billion-dollar companies typically go through phases like: Having little or no growth fo
Update 1.89.1: The update addresses these issues. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welcome to the April 2024 release of Visual Studio Code. There are many updates in this version that we hope you'll like, some of the key highlights include: Preview Markdown images & videos - Hover over a link to preview images & videos in Markdown. Enha
Release date: March 4, 2026 Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Security update: The following extension has security updates: GitHub.copilot-chat. Update 1.110.1: The update addresses these security issues in core and these security issues in the GitHub Copilot Chat extension. Welcome to the February 2026 release of Visual Studio Code. Th
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Font with Built-In Syntax Highlighting
Kalyn: a self-hosting compiler for x86-64
July 2022 (version 1.70)
The Absolute Minimum Every Software Developer Must Know About Unicode in 2023 (Still No Excuses!) @ tonsky.me
The KDL Document Language
0.8.0 Release Notes ⚡ The Zig Programming Language
"�[31m"?! ANSI Terminal security in 2023 and finding 10 CVEs
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0.10.0 Release Notes ⚡ The Zig Programming Language
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Hacker News folk wisdom on visual programming
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What's New in Emacs 28.1?
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Large Text Compression Benchmark
An Experienced (Neo)Vimmer's Workflow
cuneicode, and the Future of Text in C
That Time Ken Thompson Wrote a Backdoor into the C Compiler
JSON is not JSON Across Languages | Dochia CLI Blog
GEPA: Reflective Prompt Evolution Can Outperform Reinforcement Learning
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HTML Whitespace is Broken - Devel without a Cause
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Unexpected security footguns in Go's parsers
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February 2026 (version 1.110)