This paper analyzes how the toponym “Montenegro” has been used in the popular culture of modern Japan with a few examples. Montenegro (“Crna Gora” in Serbo-Croatian) means “black mountain,” and in modern Japan it has been written in three ways: “Monteneguro,” “Tsurunagōra” (a phonetic transcription of Crna Gora), and “Kokuzankoku” (Country of Black Mountains). The toponym was used as a joke in a s