Self-organized criticality - Wikipedia
Self-organized criticality (SOC) is a property of dynamical systems that have a critical point as an attractor. Their macroscopic behavior thus displays the spatial or temporal scale-invariance characteristic of the critical point of a phase transition, but without the need to tune control parameters to a precise value, because the system, effectively, tunes itself as it evolves towards criticalit
Abelian sandpile model - Wikipedia
The identity element of the sandpile group of a rectangular grid. Yellow pixels correspond to vertices carrying three particles, lilac to two particles, green to one, and black to zero. The Abelian sandpile model (ASM) is the more popular name of the original Bak–Tang–Wiesenfeld model (BTW). The BTW model was the first discovered example of a dynamical system displaying self-organized criticality.
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Amazon.co.jp: How Nature Works: the science of self-organized criticality (Copernicus): Bak, Per: 本
digitalphysics.org
Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 381 (1987) - Self-organized criticality: An explanation of the 1/f noise
Phys. Rev. A 38, 364 (1988) - Self-organized criticality
