Safer Usage Of C++
Safer Usage Of C++ This document is PUBLIC. Chromium committers can comment on the original doc. If you want to comment but can’t, ping palmer@. Thanks for reading! Google-internal short link: go/safer-cpp Authors/Editors: adetaylor, palmer Contributors: ajgo, danakj, davidben, dcheng, dmitrig, enh, jannh, jdoerrie, joenotcharles, kcc, markbrand, mmoroz, mpdenton, pkasting, rsesek, tsepez, awhalle
A critical review of Marketing Mix Modeling — From hype to reality
Context Most companies spend large chunks of their budget on marketing. Often, without knowing the return of that investment. Marketing Mix Modeling has been promoted as the one method to shed light on the effect of marketing. Not quite coincidentally, this is mainly supported by people that have a self-serving interest to advocate MMM. Opposing standpoints are few and far between. In this post, I
GitHub - sirwart/ripsecrets: A command-line tool to prevent committing secret keys into your source code
ripsecrets has a few features that distinguish it from other secret scanning tools: Focused on pre-commit. It's a lot cheaper to prevent secrets from getting committed in the first place than dealing with the consequences once a secret that has been committed to your repository has been detected. Extremely fast. Using a secret scanner shouldn't slow down your development workflow, so ripsecrets is
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Reconsidering evidence of moral contagion in online social networks - Nature Human Behaviour
The digitalization of society raises many substantive questions (see, for example, refs. 1,2,3). At the same time, however, it provides unmistakable methodological opportunities for social science research. For all of the interactions that take place online, such as communications between social media users, digital data traces are left behind. Not only do these data traces capture naturalistic be
※全資料 第一章 社会科学とは何か 第二章 百年の螺旋 第三章 適合的因果の方法 第四章 歴史と比較 第五章 社会の観察と因果分析 講 演：清水雄也「Johannes von Kriesの適合的因果論」 コメント：小野裕亮「「文化科学」論文の参照指示について」 論考：清水雄也・小林佑太「Kriesの適合的因果論をめぐる誤解」 ※読書会案内 §1. はじめに 19世紀末，ドイツの生理学者Johannes von Kriesは，適合的因果（adäquate Verursachung）1 という概念を提唱した．この概念は，同時代において，法学と社会科学方法論という2つの分野に取り入れられ，前者においては（いくつもの批判と修正を経つつも）長く受け継がれたのに対し，後者においては早々に忘却され，一部の学説研究者以外にとっては馴染みの薄いものとなった．本稿が主題とするのは，この概念である． 社会学者の
How bad are search results? Let's compare Google, Bing, Marginalia, Kagi, Mwmbl, and ChatGPT
Marginalia does relatively well by sometimes providing decent but not great answers and then providing no answers or very obviously irrelevant answers to the questions it can't answer, with a relatively low rate of scams, lower than any other search engine (although, for these queries, ChatGPT returns zero scams and Marginalia returns some). Interestingly, Mwmbl lets users directly edit search res
The Principles of Deep Learning Theory An Effective Theory Approach to Understanding Neural Networks Daniel A. Roberts and Sho Yaida based on research in collaboration with Boris Hanin drob@mit.edu, shoyaida@fb.com ii Contents Preface vii 0 Initialization 1 0.1 An Effective Theory Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 0.2 The Theoretical Minimum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The Blog of Scott Aaronson If you take nothing else from this blog: quantum computers won't solve hard problems instantly by just trying all solutions in parallel. Links: Google paper in Nature New York Times article IBM paper and blog post responding to Google’s announcement Boaz Barak’s new post: “Boaz’s inferior classical inferiority FAQ” Lipton and Regan’s post My quantum supremacy interview w
Lead Author: Leona Hioki Coauthor : 3966f482edb3843a7cdfb9ffa6840023 TL;DR: Controlling bitcoin possession by a state condition of Ethereum in a cryptographic way. A trusted setup like Groth16’s Powers of Tau ceremony is required. No need for any node with liveness. Introduction We propose a trustless WBTC configuration that neither depends on a custodian nor an individual that provides excessive
An In-Depth Analysis of Distributed Transaction Solutions
This article summarizes five distributed transaction solutions and analyzes their features. By Daosu This article summarizes five distributed transaction solutions and analyzes their features: XA Specification, TCC, Saga, Local-Message-Based Distributed Transactions, and Transactional-Message-Based Distributed Transactions. Considering its length, I recommend that you add it to your favorites and
項目反応理論やってみよう
1 項目反応理論て？ 項目反応理論自体の説明は，加藤・山田・川端 (2014)が非常に丁寧にしてくれています。書籍なので購入する必要がありますが，お薦めです。また，項目反応理論やitem response theoryでググるとタダで読めるいろんな資料もヒットしますのでそれらを読むとよいでしょう。 特にStanで項目反応理論を実施する様々な例を清水さんがご紹介下さっているので、そちらも参照ください。 項目反応理論をStanで実行するときのあれこれ 展開型項目反応理論をStanで推定する 2 いろいろな項目反応理論 この記事では，Leo & jiao (2017) に沿って，項目反応理論の中でもちょっと複雑な，かゆい所に手が届くかもしれない以下のモデルについて紹介します。 3パラメタ(以下，PL)モデル 段階反応モデル(graded response model: GRM; Samejima
How AWS and Grafana Labs are scaling Cortex for the cloud | Amazon Web Services
AWS Open Source Blog How AWS and Grafana Labs are scaling Cortex for the cloud This post was co-authored by Jérôme Decq, Richard Anton, and Tom Wilkie. When we decided to offer a monitoring solution purpose-built for containers users, supporting Prometheus use-case patterns quickly became necessary. However, using Prometheus at cloud scale is difficult. We studied different architectures such as P
The sad state of property-based testing libraries Posted on Jul 2, 2024 Property-based testing is a rare example of academic research that has made it to the mainstream in less than 30 years. Under the slogan “don’t write tests, generate them” property-based testing has gained support from a diverse group of programming language communities. In fact, the Wikipedia page of the original property-bas
GitHub - hanjuku-kaso/awesome-offline-rl: An index of algorithms for offline reinforcement learning (offline-rl)
Value-Aided Conditional Supervised Learning for Offline RL Jeonghye Kim, Suyoung Lee, Woojun Kim, and Youngchul Sung. arXiv, 2024. Towards an Information Theoretic Framework of Context-Based Offline Meta-Reinforcement Learning Lanqing Li, Hai Zhang, Xinyu Zhang, Shatong Zhu, Junqiao Zhao, and Pheng-Ann Heng. arXiv, 2024. DiffStitch: Boosting Offline Reinforcement Learning with Diffusion-based Traj
'Effective Accelerationism' and the Pursuit of Cosmic Utopia
TD Original Dec 14, 2023 ‘Effective Accelerationism’ and the Pursuit of Cosmic Utopia How an arcane philosophical rift in Silicon Valley is shaping the race to build artificial general intelligence. All camps in the TESCREAL community ultimately share a fantasy about the distant future. Image: Adobe The recent ouster of Sam Altman from OpenAI, followed by his reinstatement within a week, triggered
Tldr: Large file transfer today is still remarkably slow, especially across large geographic distances. Turns out you can build protocols that are much more efficient than FTP (or other TCP based approaches) for moving data but that it is hard! What made this difficult for us was the lack of tooling: It is difficult to test, and simulate new protocols. If your users regularly move a lot of data yo
Math Major Roadmaps
This document outlines “roadmaps” of course options for undergraduates interested in particular fields and applications of mathematics. Each roadmap consists of three stages: Stage 1: Introductory courses with few prerequisites, accessible to a typical sophomore. Stage 2: More advanced classes for students who have mastered several stage-1 classes. Stage 3: The most advanced classes, often beginni
Emergence of life in an inflationary universe - Scientific Reports
In spite of recent rapid development of biology, chemistry, Earth science and astronomy, the origin of life (abiogenesis) is still a great mystery in science1,2,3,4,5. A prominent feature of life is the ordered information stored in DNA/RNA, and how such information appeared from abiotic processes is a crucial issue. The RNA world hypothesis6,7,8 postulates an early era when RNA played both the ge
Adversarial machine learning is the study of the attacks on machine learning algorithms, and of the defenses against such attacks.[1] A survey from May 2020 exposes the fact that practitioners report a dire need for better protecting machine learning systems in industrial applications.[2] Most machine learning techniques are mostly designed to work on specific problem sets, under the assumption th
Meta's AI guru LeCun: Most of today's AI approaches will never lead to true intelligence
Meta's AI guru LeCun: Most of today's AI approaches will never lead to true intelligence Fundamental problems elude many strains of deep learning, says LeCun, including the mystery of how to measure information. "I think AI systems need to be able to reason," says Yann LeCun, Meta's chief AI scientist. Today's popular AI approaches such as Transformers, many of which build upon his own pioneering
Screencast If you click on this screenshot, you'll see OSH running ./configure from CPython's tarball, with GC debug output. This is: 16K lines of gnarly shell generated by GNU autoconf Running in our shell interpreter, written in ~40K lines of typed Python. But, it's translated to ~80K lines of pure C++! That generated C++ runs on top of a ~4K line runtime of garbage collected data structures, an
My goal from last time: reuse our existing APIs in a demo of the fastest possible version of our ecommerce website… and keep it under 20 kilobytes. I decided this called for an MPA. (aka a traditional web app. Site. Thang. Not-SPA. Whatever.) And with that decision, I doomed the site to feel slow and clunky In theory, there’s no reason MPA interactions need be as slow as commonly encountered. But
こんにちは、望月慎（望月夜）＠motidukinoyoruと申します。 （blog「批判的頭脳」、togetter、noteマガジン一覧） （拙著『図解入門ビジネス 最新 MMT[現代貨幣理論]がよくわかる本』（秀和システム）（2020/3/24 発売）） ティモワーニュとレイによるMMT批判への再反論論文が書かれたのは2013年のこと、今から8年も昔の話になる。 Tymoigne, E., & Wray, L. R. (2013). Modern money theory 101: a reply to critics. Levy Economics Institute, Working Papers Series, (778). 基本的にこの論文は、アメリカにおける非主流派/異端派、特にポスト・ケインジアンによるMMT批判に応える内容となっていて、一般のMMT論争とはややテイストが異な
COVID-19 in Japan: What could happen in the future? Nian Shao1 , Hanshuang Pan1 , Xingjie Li4 , Weijia Li1 , Shufen Wang1 , Yan Xuan8 , Yue Yan3 , Keji Liu3 , Yu Chen3 , Boxi Xu3 , Xinyue Luo3 , Christopher Y. Shen5 , Min Zhong10 , Xiang Xu9 , Xu Chen7 , Yu Jiang3 , Shuai Lu1 , Guanghong Ding6 , Jin Cheng1,2 , Wenbin Chen1,2,∗ 1 School of Mathematical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China 2
From Cranfield Experiments to Neural Information Retrieval
IntroductionWhen I was working in industry, I was seeing SOTA models published every week in various machine learning fields while I was struggling with a complex search application consisting of lots of parameters and heuristics. I naturally came to think “how can I incorporate recent research advances into practical applications?”. I had this question in my mind for a while and I ended up gettin
MMD-0066-2020 - Linux/Mirai-Fbot - A re-emerged IoT threat
Chapters: [TelnetLoader] [EchoLoader] [Propagation] [NewActor] [Epilogue] Prologue A month ago I wrote about IoT malware for Linux operating system, a Mirai botnet's client variant dubbed as FBOT. The writing [link] was about reverse engineering Linux ELF ARM 32bit to dissect the new encryption that has been used by their January's bot binaries, The threat had been on vacuum state for almost one m
Book: Alice’s Adventures in a differentiable wonderland
Book: Alice’s Adventures in a differentiable wonderland Neural networks surround us, in the form of large language models, speech transcription systems, molecular discovery algorithms, robotics, and much more. Stripped of anything else, neural networks are compositions of differentiable primitives, and studying them means learning how to program and how to interact with these models, a particular
THE INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE ON SOFTWARE QUALITY: AN EMPIRICAL CASE STUDY Nachiappan Nagappan Microsoft Research Redmond, WA, USA nachin@microsoft.com Brendan Murphy Microsoft Research Cambridge, UK bmurphy@microsoft.com Victor R. Basili University of Maryland College Park, MD, USA basili@cs.umd.edu ABSTRACT Often software systems are developed by organizations consisting of many team
The Blog of Scott Aaronson If you take nothing else from this blog: quantum computers won't solve hard problems instantly by just trying all solutions in parallel. You’ve seen the stories—in the Financial Times, Technology Review, CNET, Facebook, Reddit, Twitter, or elsewhere—saying that a group at Google has now achieved quantum computational supremacy with a 53-qubit superconducting device. Whil
At a first glance, the table seems about right, in that the sites that feel slow unless you have a super fast device show up as slow in the table (as in, max(LCP*,CPU)) is high on lower-end devices). When I polled folks about what platforms they thought would be fastest and slowest on our slow devices (Mastodon, Twitter, Threads), they generally correctly predicted that Wordpress and Ghost would b
Buy from Amazon. Buy from Cambridge University Press. Download a draft from the arXiv. Reload website: deeplearningtheory.com The Principles of Deep Learning Theory An Effective Theory Approach to Understanding Neural Networks Daniel A. Roberts, Sho Yaida, Boris Hanin A Cambridge University Press Book This book develops an effective theory approach to understanding deep neural networks of practica
Free Book: Foundations of Data Science (from Microsoft Research Lab) - DataScienceCentral.com
Home » UncategorizedFree Book: Foundations of Data Science (from Microsoft Research Lab) CapriGranville733May 23, 2019 at 5:00 am By Avrim Blum, John Hopcroft, and Ravindran Kannan (2018). Computer science as an academic discipline began in the 1960s. Emphasis was on programming languages, compilers, operating systems, and the mathematical theory that supported these areas. Courses in theoretical
We’ve noticed an unusual training pattern in fine-tuning LLMs. At first we thought it’s a bug, but now we think it shows LLMs can learn effectively from a single example. Summary: recently while fine-tuning a large language model (LLM) on multiple-choice science exam questions, we observed some highly unusual training loss curves. In particular, it appeared the model was able to rapidly memorize e
\[\require{cancel}\] Introduction Recently I have been studying a class of generative models known as diffusion probabilistic models. These models were proposed by Sohl-Dickstein et al. in 2015 [1], however they first caught my attention last year when Ho et al. released “Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models” [2]. Building on [1], Ho et al. showed that a model trained with a stable variational
Content mirrored from the Github repository Introduction Would you like to write a neural network from start to finish? Are you perhaps shaky on some of the fundamental concepts and derivations, such as categorical cross-entropy loss or backpropagation? Alternatively, would you like an introduction to machine learning without relying on “magical” frameworks that seem to perform AI miracles with on
Epidemic theory (effective & basic reproduction numbers, epidemic thresholds) & techniques for analysis of infectious disease data (construction & use of epidemic curves, generation numbers, exceptional reporting & identification of significant clusters)
The UK Faculty of Public Health has recently taken ownership of the Health Knowledge resource. This new, advert-free website is still under development and there may be some issues accessing content. Additionally, the content has not been audited or verified by the Faculty of Public Health as part of an ongoing quality assurance process and as such certain material included maybe out of date. If y
After fixing the performance and scalability problems, we’re on our way to getting a stable Pijul. In this post, I explain what I’ve been up to in the recent months. Context Pijul has always been advertised as a research project, trying to implement a theory of patches that would be sound and fast. This is an ambitious goal, and became even more ambitious than initially envisioned. One of the hard
Committees Paper
Author's note 42 years after publication: Perhaps this paper's most remarkable feature is that it made it to publication with its thesis statement in the third-last paragraph. To save you the trouble of wading through 45 paragraphs to find the thesis, I'll give an informal version of it to you now: Any organization that designs a system (defined more broadly here than just information systems) wil
サイトトップ 人口学 (Demography / Population Studies) Last updated on January 18th, 2023 (Wed) はじめに 世界人口が70億人を超えた現在（注0），人類の生存を考える上で，人口学は欠くことのできない学問である。人口とはごく単純にいえばヒトの数であり（注1），人口学とはそれにかんする法則性やメカニズムを研究する学問であるといえる。 英語で人口学をあらわす言葉にはdemographyとpopulation studiesの２つがあり，それぞれ上で述べた法則性の研究とメカニズムの研究に対応している。法則性の研究は形式人口学あるいは人口統計学とも呼ばれることがある。法則性を抜きにした純粋なメカニズムの研究というものはありえないので，population studiesは，集団を対象とした研究で，評価の軸としてヒトの数を用いる
An Analysis of the Origins of the COVID-19 Pandemic Interim Report Senate Committee on Health Education, Labor and Pensions Minority Oversight Staff October 2022 2 Table of Contents Foreword.......................................................................................................................................................3 Introduction.............................................
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清水雄也・小林佑太「Kriesの適合的因果論をめぐる誤解——佐藤俊樹『社会科学と因果分析』の場合——」
https://deeplearningtheory.com/PDLT.pdf
Quantum supremacy: the gloves are off
Trustless Bitcoin Bridge Creation with Witness Encryption
The sad state of property-based testing libraries
How we built a new, fast file transfer protocol.
Adversarial machine learning - Wikipedia
Pictures of a Working Garbage Collector
The weirdly obscure art of Streamed HTML
Tymoigne & Wray 『MMT批判に答える』の抜粋訳と、これを作成した理由｜望月慎（望月夜）
COVID-19 in Japan: What could happen in the future?
Microsoft Word - Org_Ver15_TechReport.doc
Scott’s Supreme Quantum Supremacy FAQ!
How web bloat impacts users with slow devices
The Principles of Deep Learning Theory
fast.ai - Can LLMs learn from a single example?
Diffusion Models as a kind of VAE
C++ Neural Network in a Weekend – Jeremy's Blog
Pijul - Towards 1.0
人口学 (demography/population studies)
Report An Analysis of the Origins of COVID-19