Speculation in JavaScriptCore
This post is all about speculative compilation, or just speculation for short, in the context of the JavaScriptCore virtual machine. Speculative compilation is ideal for making dynamic languages, or any language with enough dynamic features, run faster. In this post, we will look at speculation for JavaScript. Historically, this technique or closely related variants has been applied successfully t
The Development of the C Language* Dennis M. Ritchie Bell Labs/Lucent Technologies Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA dmr@bell-labs.com ABSTRACT The C programming language was devised in the early 1970s as a system implementation language for the nascent Unix operating system. Derived from the typeless language BCPL, it evolved a type structure; created on a tiny machine as a tool to improve a meager progr
tl;dr: Use MessagePack, rather than CBOR. Introduction I recently wanted to choose a binary encoding. This was for a project using Rust serde, so I looked at the list of formats there. I ended up reading about CBOR and MessagePack. Both of these are binary formats for a JSON-like data model. Both of them are "schemaless", meaning you can decode them without knowing the structure. (This also provid
COVID ECONOMICS VETTED AND REAL-TIME PAPERS FROM THE GREAT RECESSION TO THE PANDEMIC RECESSION Francis X. Diebold ELECTORAL POLITICS AND SMALL BUSINESS LOANS Ran Duchin and John Hackney GROWTH FORECASTS AT END-2020 Javier G. Gómez-Pineda STOP-AND-GO EPIDEMIC CONTROL Claudius Gros and Daniel Gros CONSUMPTION RESPONSES TO STIMULUS PAYMENTS So Kubota, Koichiro Onishi and Yuta Toyama CHILD CARE CLOSUR
Richard Stallman's personal political notes from 2019: July - October These are my personal opinions and do not speak for the GNU Project, the FSF, or anyone else. [ 2023 July - October | 2023 March - June | 2022 November - February | 2022 July - October | 2022 March - June | 2021 November - February | 2021 July - October | 2021 March - June | 2020 November - February | 2020 July - October | 2020
A 100x speedup with unsafe Python
We're going to speed up some numpy code by 100x using "unsafe Python." Which is not quite the same as unsafe Rust, but it's a bit similar, and I'm not sure what else to call it... you'll see. It's not something you'd use in most Python code, but it's handy on occasion, and I think it shows "the nature of Python” from an interesting angle. So let's say you use pygame to write a simple game in Pytho
Media queries are what make modern responsive design possible. With them you can set different styling based on things like a users screen size, device capabilities or user preferences. But how do they work, which ones are there and which ones should you use? Here's the complete guide to media queries. What this guide will go through: What are media queries?How a media query is structuredMedia typ
In 1966 the ACM published Peter Landin’s landmark paper “The next 700 programming languages” [22]. Seven years later, Springer’s “Lecture Notes in Computer Science” (LNCS) was born with Wilfred Brauer as editor of the first volume [5]. Impressively, the contributed chapters of this first volume covered almost every topic of what we now see as core computer science—from computer hardware and operat
I’m a fairly frequent Hacker News lurker, especially when I have some other important task that I’m avoiding. I normally head to the Active page (lots of comments, good for procrastination) and pick a nice long discussion thread to browse. So over time I’ve ended up with a good sense of what topics come up a lot. “The Bay Area is too expensive.” “There are too many JavaScript frameworks.” “Bootcam
A guide to designing accessible, WCAG-conformant focus indicators
A guide to designing accessible, WCAG-conformant focus indicators Published on 13 Aug, 2021 | Last updated on 27 Aug, 2023 | Takes approximately 24 min to read This post is a modified, text-only excerpt from my Practical Accessibility video course. I wanted to share this guide to designing accessible focus indicators because focus styles are a recurring discussion I have with designers I wor
Painting: JORDAN CASTEEL, BARACK, 2020. OIL ON CANVAS, 30 x 45”. COURTESY THE ARTIST AND CASEY KAPLAN, NEW YORK. Barack Obama was describing to me the manner in which the Mongol emperor and war-crimes innovator Genghis Khan would besiege a town. “They gave you two choices,” he said. “‘If you open the gates, we’ll just kill you quickly and take your women and enslave your children, but we won’t sla
Notice GPT-2 1.5B is trained with 40GB of Internet text, which is roughly 10 Billion tokens (conversely assuming the average token size is 4 characters). So GPT-3 175B has a lower data compression ratio 300 / 175 = 1.71 in comparison to GPT-2 1.5G 10 / 1.5 = 6.66. This raises the question that, with this amount of parameters, whether the model functions by memorizing the data in the training and p
A universal lowering strategy for control effects in Rust - Abubalay
The Rust language has incrementally grown a set of patterns to support control-flow effects including error handling, iteration, and asynchronous I/O. In The registers of Rust, boats lays out four aspects of this pattern shared by Rust’s three effects. Today these effects are typically used in isolation, or at most combined in bespoke ways, but the Rust project has been working on ways to integrat
Untitled/unsorted collection of math notes Dennis Yurichev Untitled/unsorted collection of math notes Dennis Yurichev May 18, 2023 Contents 1 Unsorted parts 1 1.1 Fencepost error / off-by-one error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 GCD and LCM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.2.1
The Principles of Deep Learning Theory An Effective Theory Approach to Understanding Neural Networks Daniel A. Roberts and Sho Yaida based on research in collaboration with Boris Hanin drob@mit.edu, shoyaida@fb.com ii Contents Preface vii 0 Initialization 1 0.1 An Effective Theory Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 0.2 The Theoretical Minimum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Large Language Models have been in the limelight since the release of ChatGPT, with new models being announced seemingly every week. This guide walks through the essential ideas of how these models came to be. In this article we give a comprehensive overview of what’s really going on in the world of Language Models, building from the foundational ideas, all the way to the latest advancements. What
Knowing the basic Japanese phrases commonly used in daily communication is extremely helpful if you plan to stay in Japan. These phrases will be handy even if you visit Japan, especially for business. Most of these common Japanese phrases for day-to-day conversation are not just for communication but reflect the deep-rooted cultural values of Japanese society. Therefore, learning and using these p
This page collects ISW and CTP's updates on the conflict in Ukraine. In late February 2022, ISW began publishing daily synthetic products covering key events related to renewed Russian aggression against Ukraine. These Ukraine Conflict Updates replaced ISW’s previous “Indicators and Thresholds for Russian Military Operations in Ukraine and/or Belarus,” which we maintained from November 12, 2021, t
At a first glance, the table seems about right, in that the sites that feel slow unless you have a super fast device show up as slow in the table (as in, max(LCP*,CPU)) is high on lower-end devices). When I polled folks about what platforms they thought would be fastest and slowest on our slow devices (Mastodon, Twitter, Threads), they generally correctly predicted that Wordpress and Ghost and Wor
A History of Clojure
71 A History of Clojure RICH HICKEY, Cognitect, Inc., USA Shepherd: Mira Mezini, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany Clojure was designed to be a general-purpose, practical functional language, suitable for use by professionals wherever its host language, e.g., Java, would be. Initially designed in 2005 and released in 2007, Clojure is a dialect of Lisp, but is not a direct descendant of any
How can we develop transformative tools for thought? Part of the origin myth of modern computing is the story of a golden age in the 1960s and 1970s. In this story, visionary pioneers pursued a dream in which computers enabled powerful tools for thought, that is, tools to augment human intelligence E.g., Douglas Engelbart, Augmenting Human Intellect: A Conceptual Framework (1962).. One of those pi
Over the past 18 months or so, a number of new neural network achitectures were proposed specifically for use on mobile and edge devices. It seems that pretty much everyone has figured out now that large models such as VGG16 or ResNet-50 aren’t a good idea on small devices. 😉 I have previously written about MobileNet v1 and v2, and have used these models in many client projects. But it’s 2020 and
Strict Transport Security vs. HTTPS Resource Records: the showdown
HTTPS resource records (HTTPS RRs) are a new type of DNS record. The standard is still in progress and covers various intended use cases, mostly around delivering configuration information and parameters for how to access a service. In this post, I’m going to ignore all that and focus on one very simple use case: an HTTPS RR, on its own, can signal that a domain supports HTTPS, allowing the browse
The Japanese language is very different from most other languages. However, the differences are not merely because of the language; it is more concerning the Japanese communication style and etiquette. Japanese communication is not just about knowing the language but also about knowing and using various communication protocols. There are various styles and protocols when it comes to communication.
Workshop Report Table of contents Executive summary Introduction Setting the context Expressing the needs Topics Threading support on the Web WebAssembly 3D rendering Assets loading & storage Games accessibility Audio & games Gamepad support Inputs latency WebTransport & WebCodecs Gender-inclusive languages in games Web games in hosted apps Discoverability & Monetization Next steps Technologies in
What is value?
Undoubtedly, it’s a buzzword. But the concept of “value” still has value. If you’ve ever worked in a company, you’ve no doubt heard phrases like “create value”, “unlock value”, “extract value”, “customer value”, “shareholder value”, and “value-add” thrown around. You’ve probably rolled your eyes at someone using the phrase to bullshit their way through a conversation. If you’re a software engineer
An Introduction to System.Threading.Channels - .NET Blog
“Producer/consumer” problems are everywhere, in all facets of our lives. A line cook at a fast food restaurant, slicing tomatoes that are handed off to another cook to assemble a burger, which is handed off to a register worker to fulfill your order, which you happily gobble down. Postal drivers delivering mail all along their routes, and you either seeing a truck arrive and going out to the mailb
What’s the Big Deal? - Ithaka S+R
Executive Summary The dominant mode by which research libraries have provided maximum journal access as cheaply as possible—subscription bundles or “Big Deals”—is giving way to new approaches. This transition is taking place through a combination of negotiations, activism, business modeling, user needs research, and decision support, among other factors. To support these processes, Ithaka S+R part
The Power of Adjunctions
The Power of Adjunctions Posted by Bartosz Milewski under Category Theory, Monads, Programming [15] Comments In my previous blog post, Programming with Universal Constructions, I mentioned in passing that one-to-one mappings between sets of morphisms are often a manifestation of adjunctions between functors. In fact, an adjunction just extends a universal construction over the whole category (or t
3 November, 2020 Site-Speed Topography Written by Harry Roberts on CSS Wizardry. Table of Contents Identify Page Types Gathering Data Visualising the Data Building the Map Final Word N.B. On 6 June, 2023, I published an updated version of this article. I would encourage you to read Site-Speed Topography Remapped after this. A couple of years ago, my first few days on a new web performance project
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The Haskell School of Music — From Signals to Symphonies — Paul Hudak Yale University Department of Computer Science Version 2.4 (February 22, 2012) i The Haskell School of Music — From Signals to Symphonies — Paul Hudak Yale University Department of Computer Science New Haven, CT, USA Version 2.4 (February 22, 2012) Copyright c � Paul Hudak January 2011 All rights reserved. No part of this public
「AとBとC」は A, B, and C もしくは A; B; and C のどちらか 「AとBとC」の表現です。A・B・Cの中にコンマがない場合は、A・B・Cはコンマを使って仕分ける。 A, B, and C A・B・Cの中にコンマがある場合は、A・B・Cはコンマではなくセミコロンを使って、 A; B; and C と表現する。 Within a sentence, use commas to separate three or more elements that do not have internal commas; use semicolons to separate three or more elements that have internal commas. We tested three groups: (a) low scorers, who scored fewer
111 A Comprehensive Survey of AI-Generated Content (AIGC): A History of Generative AI from GAN to ChatGPT YIHAN CAO∗, Lehigh University & Carnegie Mellon University, USA SIYU LI, Lehigh University, USA YIXIN LIU, Lehigh University, USA ZHILING YAN, Lehigh University, USA YUTONG DAI, Lehigh University, USA PHILIP S. YU, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA LICHAO SUN, Lehigh University, USA Recen
The following sections list the metrics that we recommend that you set best practice alarms for. For each metric, the dimensions, alarm intent, recommended threshold, threshold justification, and the period length and number of datapoints is also displayed. Some metrics might appear twice in the list. This happens when different alarms are recommended for different combinations of dimensions of th
How to improve RAG peformance ? — Advanced RAG Patterns — Part2
In the realm of experimental Large Language Models (LLMs), creating a captivating LLM Minimum Viable Product (MVP) is relatively straightforward, but achieving production-level performance can be a formidable task, especially when it comes to building a high-performing Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) pipeline for in-context learning. This post, part of the “Advanced RAG Patterns” series, delv
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The Development of the C Language
diziet | MessagePack vs CBOR (RFC7049)
Macroprudentialism
2019: July - October Political Notes - Richard Stallman
The complete guide to CSS media queries | Polypane
The Next 7000 Programming Languages
Hacker News folk wisdom on visual programming
Why Obama Fears for Our Democracy
OpenAI's GPT-3 Language Model: A Technical Overview
Untitled/unsorted collection of math notes
https://deeplearningtheory.com/PDLT.pdf
The Full Story of Large Language Models and RLHF
Useful Common Japanese Phrases and Words
Institute for the Study of War
How web bloat impacts users with slow devices
How can we develop transformative tools for thought?
New mobile neural network architectures
Japanese Communication: It’s More than Knowing the Language
W3C Workshop on Web Games, June 27-28 2019 in #Seattle 🇺🇸
Site-Speed Topography – CSS Wizardry
APAスタイルで注意すべき英語論文ライティングの60のルール | Englishに英語
A Comprehensive Survey of AI-Generated Content (AIGC): A History of Generative AI from GAN to ChatGPT
Recommended alarms - Amazon CloudWatch