Developers are increasingly relying on AI coding assistants to accelerate our daily workflows. These tools can autocomplete functions, suggest bug fixes, and even generate entire modules or MVPs. Yet, as many of us have learned, the quality of the AI’s output depends largely on the quality of the prompt you provide. In other words, prompt engineering has become an essential skill. A poorly phrased
Couple of weeks ago when I was publishing The Hidden Cost of URL Design I needed to add SQL syntax highlighting. I headed to PrismJS website trying to remember if it should be added as a plugin or what. I was overwhelmed with the amount of options in the download page so I headed back to my code. I checked the file for PrismJS and at the top of the file, I found a comment containing a URL: /* http
A few months ago, I set myself the challenge of writing a C compiler in 500 lines of Python1, after writing my SDF donut post. How hard could it be? The answer was, pretty hard, even when dropping quite a few features. But it was also pretty interesting, and the result is surprisingly functional and not too hard to understand! There's too much code for me to comprehensively cover in a single blog
We Love You, TypeScriptFor nearly five years now, Motion has operated in a large TypeScript monorepo. At its peak, it was roughly ~2.5 million lines of code after excluding comments, node_modules, etc. To manage this, we used Vercel’s rather excellent Turborepo build system. This is not a blog post hating on TypeScript — quite the opposite! Motion would likely not even have survived until today wi
Lessons from Writing a Compiler
The prototypical compilers textbook is: 600 pages on parsing theory. Three pages of type-checking a first-order type system like C. Zero pages on storing and checking the correctness of declarations (the “symbol table”). Zero pages on the compilation model, and efficiently implementing separate compilation. 450 pages on optimization and code generation. The standard academic literature is most use
Programming is an iterative process. As much as we would like to come up with the perfect solution from the start, it rarely works that way. Good programs often begin as quick prototypes. While many experiments remain prototypes, the best programs can evolve into production code. Whether you’re writing games, CLI tools, or designing library APIs, prototyping helps tremendously in finding the best
written by Ruud van Asseldonk published 11 January 2023 For a data format, yaml is extremely complicated. It aims to be a human-friendly format, but in striving for that it introduces so much complexity, that I would argue it achieves the opposite result. Yaml is full of footguns and its friendliness is deceptive. In this post I want to demonstrate this through an example. This post is a rant, and
Update 1.99.1: The update addresses these security issues. Update 1.99.2: The update addresses these issues. Update 1.99.3: The update addresses these issues. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welcome to the March 2025 release of Visual Studio Code. There are many updates in this version that we hope you'll like, some of the key highligh
Golang Mini Reference 2022: A Quick Guide to the Modern Go Programming Language (REVIEW COPY)
Golang Mini Reference 2022 A Quick Guide to the Modern Go Programming Language (REVIEW COPY) Harry Yoon Version 0.9.0, 2022-08-24 REVIEW COPY This is review copy, not to be shared or distributed to others. Please forward any feedback or comments to the author. • feedback@codingbookspress.com The book is tentatively scheduled to be published on September 14th, 2022. We hope that when the release da
Weird Lexical Syntax
I just learned 42 programming languages this month to build a new syntax highlighter for llamafile. I feel like I'm up to my eyeballs in programming languages right now. Now that it's halloween, I thought I'd share some of the spookiest most surprising syntax I've seen. The languages I decided to support are Ada, Assembly, BASIC, C, C#, C++, COBOL, CSS, D, FORTH, FORTRAN, Go, Haskell, HTML, Java,
Parsing SQL - Strumenta
The code for this tutorial is on GitHub: parsing-sql SQL is a language to handle data in a relational database. If you worked with data you have probably worked with SQL. In this article we will talk about parsing SQL. It is in the same league of HTML: maybe you never learned it formally but you kind of know how to use it. That is great because if you know SQL, you know how to handle data. However
Masato Hagiwara Open in Recto Pad Google Colab Github Recto Pad TL;DR Recto is a 2D programming language that uses nested rectangles as its core syntax, encoding structure and recursion directly in space instead of a linear stream of text. Recto explores new ways to write, parse, and reason about code—and even natural language—spatially. Introduction Open in Recto Pad Virtually all the languages w
Over the course of my Spring 2020 semester at Harvey Mudd College, I developed a self-hosting compiler entirely from scratch. This article walks through many interesting parts of the project. It’s laid out so you can just read from beginning to end, but if you’re more interested in a particular topic, feel free to jump there. Or, take a look at the project on GitHub. Table of contents What the pro
Having worked a bit in Zig, Rust, Go and now C, I think there are a few common topics worth having a fresh conversation on: automatic memory management, the standard library, and explicit allocation. Zig is not a mature language. But it has made enough useful choices for a number of companies to invest in it and run it in production. The useful choices make Zig worth talking about. Go and Rust are
Tier 4 Support § Support for these targets is entirely experimental. If this target is provided by LLVM, LLVM may have the target as an experimental target, which means that you need to use Zig-provided binaries for the target to be available, or build LLVM from source with special configure flags. zig targets will display the target if it is available. This target may be considered deprecated by
Blogged Answers: My Experience Modernizing Packages to ESM
Random musings on React, Redux, and more, by Redux maintainer Mark "acemarke" Erikson This is a post in the Blogged Answers series. Details on the painful experiences and hard-earned lessons I've learned migrating the Redux packages to ESM Table of Contents 🔗︎ Introduction Redux Packages Background Packages and Configurations Issue History Early Attempts Migrating to Vitest Initial Alpha Testing
Accelerate Python code 100x by import taichi as ti | Taichi Docs
Python has become the most popular language in many rapidly evolving sectors, such as deep learning and data sciences. Yet its easy readability comes at the cost of performance. Of course, we all complain about program performance from time to time, and Python should certainly not take all the blame. Still, it's fair to say that Python's nature as an interpreted language does not help, especially
--- name: skill-creator description: Guide for creating effective skills. This skill should be used when users want to create a new skill (or update an existing skill) that extends Claude's capabilities with specialized knowledge, workflows, or tool integrations. license: Complete terms in LICENSE.txt --- # Skill Creator This skill provides guidance for creating effective skills. ## About Skills S
Let’s Write a Tree-Sitter Major Mode Creating a standard programming major mode presents significant challenges, with the intricate tasks of establishing proper indentation and font highlighting being among the two hardest things to get right. It's painstaking work, and it'll quickly descend into a brawl between the font lock engine and your desire for correctness. Tree-sitter makes writing many m
Try Mastering Emacs for free! Are you struggling with the basics? Have you mastered movement and editing yet? When you have read Mastering Emacs you will understand Emacs. It’s that time again: there’s a new major version of Emacs and, with it, a treasure trove of new features and changes. Notable features include the formal inclusion of native compilation, a technique that will greatly speed up y
Type Parameters Proposal
Ian Lance Taylor Robert Griesemer August 20, 2021 StatusThis is the design for adding generic programming using type parameters to the Go language. This design has been proposed and accepted as a future language change. We currently expect that this change will be available in the Go 1.18 release in early 2022. AbstractWe suggest extending the Go language to add optional type parameters to type an
Cognitive load is what matters
The logo image was taken from Reddit. It is a living document, last update: May 2025. Your contributions are welcome! Introduction There are so many buzzwords and best practices out there, but most of them have failed. We need something more fundamental, something that can't be wrong. Sometimes we feel confusion going through the code. Confusion costs time and money. Confusion is caused by high co
Introduction: These Aren’t the JSONs You’re Looking For JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) was designed as a simple, lightweight, and human-readable data interchange format, often positioned as a more accessible alternative to XML. It has become the de facto standard for web APIs and system integration. However, while the specification itself is straightforward, different programming languages and
Accepted at ICLR 2026 (Oral). GEPA: REFLECTIVE PROMPT EVOLUTION CAN OUTPER- FORM REINFORCEMENT LEARNING Lakshya A Agrawal1 , Shangyin Tan1 , Dilara Soylu2 , Noah Ziems4 , Rishi Khare1 , Krista Opsahl-Ong5 , Arnav Singhvi2,5 , Herumb Shandilya2 , Michael J Ryan2 , Meng Jiang4 , Christopher Potts2 , Koushik Sen1 , Alexandros G. Dimakis1,3 , Ion Stoica1 , Dan Klein1 , Matei Zaharia1,5 , Omar Khattab6
LambdaLisp - A Lisp Interpreter That Runs on Lambda Calculus
LambdaLisp is a Lisp interpreter written as an untyped lambda calculus term. The input and output text is encoded into closed lambda terms using the Mogensen-Scott encoding, so the entire computation process solely consists of the beta-reduction of lambda calculus terms. When run on a lambda calculus interpreter that runs on the terminal, it presents a REPL where you can interactively define and e
Last document update: October 2025. The logo image was taken from Reddit. This is a short version of the text. Toggle the switch to see a longer version. Prompt | Chinese | Japanese | Spanish | Korean | Turkish Introduction There are so many buzzwords and best practices out there, but most of them have failed. They failed because they were imagined, not real. These ideas were based on aesthetics a
Here is a list of common JavaScript interview questions with detailed answers to help you prepare for the interview as a JavaScript developer. JavaScript continues to be a cornerstone of web development, powering dynamic and interactive experiences across the web. As the language evolves, so does the complexity and scope of interview questions for JavaScript developers. Whether you’re a fresher de
I wish Asciidoc was more popularI've been using Markdown for a long time, and have grown accustomed to it. It has various quirks, features, and oddities, but what doesn't. But recently I decided to take a look at Asciidoc, a Markdown "competetor". I found it a great little document toolchain, but it won't replace Markdown. Both Asciidoc and Markdown allow you to write text based content using a si
10 Smart Performance Hacks For Faster Python Code | The PyCharm Blog
IDEs CLion DataGrip DataSpell GoLand IntelliJ IDEA PhpStorm PyCharm RustRover Rider RubyMine WebStorm Plugins & Services Big Data Tools JetBrains Platform Scala Toolbox App JetBrains AI Grazie Junie JetBrains for Data Air Team Tools Datalore TeamCity YouTrack Qodana CodeCanvas Matter Databao .NET & Visual Studio .NET Tools ReSharper C++ Languages & Frameworks Kotlin Ktor MPS Amper Education & Rese
Combobulate: Structured Movement and Editing with Tree-Sitter
Combobulate: Structured Movement and Editing with Tree-Sitter Combobulate is a package that adds advanced structured editing and movement to many programming modes in Emacs. Here's how it works, and how it can enrich your editing experience in Emacs. About a year ago I released an alpha – prototype, really – version of a tool I call Combobulate. I’d been using it personally for a while before I le
GTF :: Why Haskell?
“Impractical”, “academic”, “niche”. These are a few of the reactions I get when someone discovers that my favourite programming language is Haskell, and not only my favourite in some sort of intellectually-masturbatory way, but favourite for building things, real things, mostly involving web servers. Hobby projects would be one thing, but it gets worse: I have actual teams at Converge working in H
Terminal internals are a mess. A lot of it is just the way it is because someone made a decision in the 80s and now it’s impossible to change. Julia Evans This is what you have to do to redesign infrastructure. Rich [Hickey] didn't just pile some crap on top of Lisp [when building Clojure]. He took the entire Lisp and moved the whole design at once. Gary Bernhardt a mental model of a terminal At a
I started using uv because the benchmarks seemed too good to be true—10–100x faster than pip, resolves and installs in milliseconds. After reading the source code and the official resolver internals documentation, I understand why, and the answers are more interesting than just "it's written in Rust." This post traces every layer: from the repository structure, through what literally happens when
Why F#?
Hacker. Emacs fanatic. Lover of parentheses. Firebrand. Just another programmer with too many opinions. I’m not the best, but I’m pretty good. If someone had told me a few months ago I’d be playing with .NET again after a 15+ years hiatus I probably would have laughed at this.1 Early on in my career I played with .NET and Java, and even though .NET had done some things better than Java (as it had
Python Interview Questions
Here is a list of common Python interview questions with detailed answers to help you prepare for the interview as a Python developer. Python, with its versatile use cases and straightforward syntax, has seen its popularity growing continuously in software development, data science, artificial intelligence, and many other fields. As such, interviews for Python-related positions are designed not on
Django for Startup Founders: A better software architecture for SaaS startups and consumer apps
In an ideal world, startups would be easy. We'd run our idea by some potential customers, build the product, and then immediately ride that sweet exponential growth curve off into early retirement. Of course it doesn't actually work like that. Not even a little. In real life, even startups that go on to become billion-dollar companies typically go through phases like: Having little or no growth fo
My birthday just passed, and to relax I wrote a parser combinator library. Over the last few years, I have worked quite a bit with Ningning Xie and Jeremy Yallop on parser combinators, which has led to a family of parser combinators which have optimal linear-time performance in theory, and which are many times faster than lex+yacc in practice. But these use advanced multistage programming techniqu
In Data Science, we primarily use Python as a programming language to perform operations on the available datasets. This article will discuss concepts and details for using Pythons to simplify data operations in data science. Pros and Cons of Python for Data OperationsEven though the pros outweigh the cons, it is crucial to look at both aspects. So, let’s have a look at the advantages and limitati
Update 1.89.1: The update addresses these issues. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welcome to the April 2024 release of Visual Studio Code. There are many updates in this version that we hope you'll like, some of the key highlights include: Preview Markdown images & videos - Hover over a link to preview images & videos in Markdown. Enha
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The Prompt Engineering Playbook for Programmers
Your URL Is Your State
Writing a C compiler in 500 lines of Python
Moving off of TypeScript
Prototyping in Rust | corrode Rust Consulting
The yaml document from hell
March 2025 (version 1.99)
Recto — a truly 2D language
Kalyn: a self-hosting compiler for x86-64
Zig, Rust, and other languages | notes.eatonphil.com
0.10.0 Release Notes ⚡ The Zig Programming Language
prompts.chat - AI Prompts Community
Let's Write a Tree-Sitter Major Mode
What's New in Emacs 28.1?
JSON is not JSON Across Languages | Dochia CLI Blog
GEPA: Reflective Prompt Evolution Can Outperform Reinforcement Learning
Cognitive load is what matters
JavaScript Interview Questions
I Wish AsciiDoc was more popular • pdx.su
the terminal of the future
How uv Works Under the Hood | Noos - Where Thought, Code, and Craft Converge
Linear-time parser combinators
Using Python to Simplify Data Operations in Data Science
April 2024 (version 1.89)