Contents Command Line Interface Guidelines An open-source guide to help you write better command-line programs, taking traditional UNIX principles and updating them for the modern day. Authors Aanand Prasad Engineer at Squarespace, co-creator of Docker Compose. @aanandprasad Ben Firshman Co-creator Replicate, co-creator of Docker Compose. @bfirsh Carl Tashian Offroad Engineer at Smallstep, first e
技術部の笹田（ko1）と遠藤（mame）です。クックパッドで Ruby (MRI: Matz Ruby Implementation、いわゆる ruby コマンド) の開発をしています。お金をもらって Ruby を開発しているのでプロの Ruby コミッタです。 本日 12/25 に、ついに Ruby 3.0.0 がリリースされました。一昨年、昨年に続き、今年も Ruby 3.0 の NEWS.md ファイルの解説をします。NEWS ファイルとは何か、は一昨年の記事を見てください（なお Ruby 3.0.0 から、NEWS.md にファイル名を変えました）。 プロと読み解く Ruby 2.6 NEWS ファイル - クックパッド開発者ブログ プロと読み解くRuby 2.7 NEWS - クックパッド開発者ブログ Ruby 3.0 は、Ruby にとってほぼ 8 年ぶりのメジャーバージョンア
大実験！ChatGPTは競プロの問題を解けるのか (2024年5月版) - E869120's Blog
1. はじめに 2024 年 5 月 14 日、OpenAI 社から新たな生成 AI「GPT-4o」が発表され、世界に大きな衝撃を与えました。これまでの GPT-4 よりも性能を向上させただけでなく1、音声や画像のリアルタイム処理も実現し、さらに応答速度が大幅に速くなりました。「ついにシンギュラリティが来てしまったか」「まるで SF の世界を生きているような感覚だ」という感想も見受けられました。 しかし、いくら生成 AI とはいえ、競技プログラミングの問題を解くのは非常に難しいです。なぜなら競技プログラミングでは、問題文を理解する能力、プログラムを実装する能力だけでなく、より速く答えを求められる解法 (アルゴリズム) を考える能力も要求されるからです。もし ChatGPT が競技プログラミングを出来るようになれば他のあらゆるタスクをこなせるだろう、と考える人もいます。 それでは、現代最強の
Last week, I built a tiny Linux system from scratch, and booted it on my laptop! Here’s what it looked like: Let me tell you how I got there. I wanted to learn more about how the Linux kernel works, and what’s involved in booting it. So I set myself the goal to cobble together the bare neccessities required to boot into a working shell. In the end, I had a tiny Linux system with a size of 2.5 MB,
Fish 4.0: The Fish Of Theseus
About two years ago, our head maintainer @ridiculousfish opened what quickly became our most-read pull request: #9512 - Rewrite it in Rust Truth be told, we did not quite expect that to be as popular as it was. It was written as a bit of an in-joke for the fish developers first, and not really as a press release to be shared far and wide. We didn’t post it anywhere, but other people did, and we go
This post is about why we need a coroutine package for Go, and what it would look like. But first, what are coroutines? Every programmer today is familiar with function calls (subroutines): F calls G, which stops F and runs G. G does its work, potentially calling and waiting for other functions, and eventually returns. When G returns, G is gone and F continues running. In this pattern, only one fu
Introducing Amazon Managed Workflows for Apache Airflow (MWAA) | Amazon Web Services
AWS News Blog Introducing Amazon Managed Workflows for Apache Airflow (MWAA) As the volume and complexity of your data processing pipelines increase, you can simplify the overall process by decomposing it into a series of smaller tasks and coordinate the execution of these tasks as part of a workflow. To do so, many developers and data engineers use Apache Airflow, a platform created by the commun
NETGEAR社製ルーターにおける認証不要の任意コード実行の技術的解説(PSV-2022-0044) - GMO Flatt Security Blog
※本記事は先立って公開された英語版記事を翻訳し、日本語圏の読者向けに一部改変したものです。 画像出典: https://www.netgear.com/business/wifi/access-points/wac124/ はじめに こんにちは、株式会社Flatt Securityのstypr(@stereotype32)です。 一昨年、日本のOSS製品で発見された0day脆弱性に関する技術解説をブログに書きました。 それ以来、私は様々な製品に多くの脆弱性を発見してきました。残念ながら私が見つけたバグのほとんどはすぐに修正されなかったので、今日まで私が見つけた、技術的に興味深い脆弱性の情報を共有する機会がありませんでした。 本記事では、NETGEAR社のWAC124(AC2000)ルーターにおいて、様々な脆弱性を発見し、いくつかの脆弱性を連鎖させて、前提条件なしに未認証ユーザーの立場からコ
January 30, 2023 In this post, we'll implement a GPT from scratch in just 60 lines of numpy. We'll then load the trained GPT-2 model weights released by OpenAI into our implementation and generate some text. Note: This post assumes familiarity with Python, NumPy, and some basic experience with neural networks. This implementation is for educational purposes, so it's missing lots of features/improv
A few months ago, I set myself the challenge of writing a C compiler in 500 lines of Python1, after writing my SDF donut post. How hard could it be? The answer was, pretty hard, even when dropping quite a few features. But it was also pretty interesting, and the result is surprisingly functional and not too hard to understand! There's too much code for me to comprehensively cover in a single blog
型安全かつシンプルなAgentフレームワーク「PydanticAI」の実装を解剖する - ABEJA Tech Blog
はじめに こちらはABEJAアドベントカレンダー2024 12日目の記事です。 こんにちは、ABEJAでデータサイエンティストをしている坂元です。最近はLLMでアプローチしようとしていたことがよくよく検証してみるとLLMでは難しいことが分かり急遽CVのあらゆるモデルとレガシーな画像処理をこれでもかというくらい詰め込んだパイプラインを実装することになった案件を経験して、LLMでは難しそうなことをLLM以外のアプローチでこなせるだけの引き出しとスキルはDSとしてやはり身に付けておくべきだなと思うなどしています（LLMにやらせようとしていることは大抵難しいことなので切り替えはそこそこ大変）。 とはいうものの、Agentの普及によってより複雑かつ高度な推論も出来るようになってきています。弊社の社内外のプロジェクト状況を見ていても最近では単純なRAG案件は減りつつあり、計画からアクションの実行、結果
こんにちは、NTTドコモR&D戦略部の門間です。 この記事では、vLLMのコードを追いつつその中身の動きに迫りたいと思います。 最近、業務やプライベートでLLM関連のいろいろを触っていますが、 OSSのコードリーディングを通じてLLMの推論処理への理解を深めたいというモチベーションです。 🤖 vLLMって? 📚 前提知識 Attention Is All You Need Paged Attention Continuous Batching 📦 vLLMの開発用インストール (Pythonコード開発のみ) Wheelのインストール リポジトリのクローン 起動確認 Pythonコードの改変 デバッガを使ったOSSのコードリーディングのススメ 🧩 vLLMのソフトウェアアーキテクチャ オンライン推論 : FastAPIサーバの立ち上げとEngineClientの生成 1. Engin
TL;DR; We are changing std::sort in LLVM’s libcxx. That’s a long story of what it took us to get there and all possible consequences, bugs you might encounter with examples from open source. We provide some benchmarks, perspective, why we did this in the first place and what it cost us with exciting ideas from Hyrum’s Law to reinforcement learning. All changes went into open source and thus I can
Onyx, a new programming language powered by WebAssemblyLearn about Onyx, a new imperative programming language that leverages WebAssembly and Wasmer for seamless cross-platform support What is Onyx? Onyx is a new programming language featuring a modern, expressive syntax, strict type safety, blazingly-fast build times, and out-of-the-box cross platform support thanks to WebAssembly. Over the past
When people say “debuggers are useless and using logging and unit-tests is much better,” I suspect many of them think that debuggers can only put breakpoints on certain lines, step-step-step through the code, and check variable values. While any reasonable debugger can indeed do all of that, it’s only the tip of the iceberg. Think about it; we could already step through the code 40 years ago, sure
AST vs. Bytecode: Interpreters in the Age of Meta-Compilation
233 AST vs. Bytecode: Interpreters in the Age of Meta-Compilation OCTAVE LAROSE, University of Kent, UK SOPHIE KALEBA, University of Kent, UK HUMPHREY BURCHELL, University of Kent, UK STEFAN MARR, University of Kent, UK Thanks to partial evaluation and meta-tracing, it became practical to build language implementations that reach state-of-the-art peak performance by implementing only an interprete
Parsing SQL - Strumenta
The code for this tutorial is on GitHub: parsing-sql SQL is a language to handle data in a relational database. If you worked with data you have probably worked with SQL. In this article we will talk about parsing SQL. It is in the same league of HTML: maybe you never learned it formally but you kind of know how to use it. That is great because if you know SQL, you know how to handle data. However
Motivation Introduction User input strace Printing non-printable stty raw -echo -isig UTF-8 Conclusion Motivation This blog series explains how modern terminals and command-line tools work. The primary goal here is to learn by experimenting. I’ll provide Linux tools to debug every component mentioned in the discussion. Our focus is to discover how things work. For the explanation of why things wor
Most of my readers are probably familiar with procedural programming, object-oriented programming (OOP), and functional programming (FP). The majority of top programming languages on all of the language popularity charts (like TIOBE) support all three to some extent. Even if a programmer avoided one or more of those three paradigms like the plague, they’re likely at least aware of them and what th
I thought it would be fun to go outside of my comfort zone of web development topics and write about something completely different and new, something I have never written about before. So today, I'm going to show you how to implement a programming language! The project will parse and execute programs written in a simple language I called my (I know it's a lame name, but hey, it is "my" language).
Python's "Type Hints" are a bit of a disappointment to me
blog - git - desktop - images - contact Python's "Type Hints" are a bit of a disappointment to me 2022-04-21 Preface You are reading version 2.0 of this blog post. I've incorporated some feedback I got into this revised version. Introduction Over the course of several Python 3.x versions, "type hints" were introduced. You can now annotate functions: def greeting(name: str) -> str: return 'Hello '
Over the course of my Spring 2020 semester at Harvey Mudd College, I developed a self-hosting compiler entirely from scratch. This article walks through many interesting parts of the project. It’s laid out so you can just read from beginning to end, but if you’re more interested in a particular topic, feel free to jump there. Or, take a look at the project on GitHub. Table of contents What the pro
This post is an account of why I prefer using the attrs library over Pydantic. I'm writing it since I am often asked this question and I want to have something concrete to link to. This is not meant to be an objective comparison of attrs and Pydantic; I'm not interested in comparing bullet points of features, nor can I be unbiased since I'm a major contributor to attrs (at time of writing, second
The OpenSSL punycode vulnerability (CVE-2022-3602): Overview, detection, exploitation, and remediation | Datadog Security Labs
emerging threats and vulnerabilities The OpenSSL punycode vulnerability (CVE-2022-3602): Overview, detection, exploitation, and remediation November 1, 2022 emerging vulnerability On November 1, 2022, the OpenSSL Project released a security advisory detailing a high-severity vulnerability in the OpenSSL library. Deployments of OpenSSL from 3.0.0 to 3.0.6 (included) are vulnerable and are fixed in
What's new in Python 3.11?
What's new in Python 3.11?Built-in TOML support, better exceptions, and typing improvements. By Tushar·InsightsPython The first beta release of Python 3.11 is out, bringing some fascinating features for us to tinker with. This is what you can expect to see in 2022's release of Python later this year. Even better error messagesPython 3.10 gave us better error messages in various regards, but Python
January 13, 2023 Hello! I’ve been thinking about writing a zine about how things are represented on computers in bytes, so I was thinking about floating point. I’ve heard a million times about the dangers of floating point arithmetic, like: addition isn’t associative (x + (y + z) is different from (x + y) + z) if you add very big values to very small values, you can get inaccurate results (the sma
Tier 4 Support § Support for these targets is entirely experimental. If this target is provided by LLVM, LLVM may have the target as an experimental target, which means that you need to use Zig-provided binaries for the target to be available, or build LLVM from source with special configure flags. zig targets will display the target if it is available. This target may be considered deprecated by
The diagram above is the compiler for the language Bolt we’ll be building. What do all the stages mean? I have to learn OCaml and C++? Wait I haven’t even heard of OCaml… Don’t worry. When I started this project 6 months ago, I had never built a compiler, nor had I used OCaml or C++ in any serious project. I’ll explain everything in due course. In this series of posts we’ll be building a proper pr
Zig in 30 minutes
test.md A half-hour to learn Zig This is inspired by https://fasterthanli.me/blog/2020/a-half-hour-to-learn-rust/ Basics the command zig run my_code.zig will compile and immediately run your Zig program. Each of these cells contains a zig program that you can try to run (some of them contain compile-time errors that you can comment out to play with) You'll want to declare a main() function to get
Lean for JavaScript DevelopersSeptember 2, 2025 This is my opinionated syntax primer for the Lean programming language. It is far from complete and may contain inaccuracies (I’m still learning Lean myself) but this is how I wish I was introduced to it, and what I wish was clarified. Why Lean? This post assumes you’re already eager to learn a bit of Lean. For motivation, I humbly submit to you two
I want to write a post about Pitchfork, explaining where it comes from, why it is like it is, and how I see its future. But before I can get to that, I think I need to share my mental model on a few things, in this case, Ruby’s GVL. For quite a long time, it has been said that Rails applications are mostly IO-bound, hence Ruby’s GVL isn’t that big of a deal and that has influenced the design of so
My thoughts on writing a Minecraft server from scratch (in Bash) For the past year or so, I've been thinking about writing a Minecraft server in Bash as a thought excercise. I once tried that before with the Classic protocol (the one from 2009), but I quickly realized there wasn't really a way to properly parse binary data in bash. Take the following code sample: function a() { read -n 2 uwu echo
A Lisp Interpreter Implemented in Conway’s Game of Life
Lisp in Life is a Lisp interpreter implemented in Conway’s Game of Life. The entire pattern is viewable on the browser here. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first time a high-level programming language was interpreted in Conway’s Game of Life. Running Lisp on the Game of Life Lisp is a language with a simple and elegant design, having an extensive ability to express sophisticated ideas as
TypedDict was introduced in PEP-589 which landed in Python 3.8. The primary use case was to create type annotations for dictionaries. For example, class Movie(TypedDict): title: str movie: Movie = {"title": "Avatar"} I remember thinking at the time that this was pretty neat, but I tend to use dataclass or pydantic to represent 'record' type data. Instead I use dictionaries more as a collection, so
Getting Started with Python
Python is a powerful programming language that provides many packages that we can use. Using the versatile Python programming language, we can develop the following: AutomationDesktop applicationAndroidWebIoT home automationData Science and the list goes on.In this article, our primary focus will be knowing how to start learning Python and the essentials required to be a data scientist. Below is t
Tier 4 Support § Support for these targets is entirely experimental. If this target is provided by LLVM, LLVM may have the target as an experimental target, which means that you need to use Zig-provided binaries for the target to be available, or build LLVM from source with special configure flags. zig targets will display the target if it is available. This target may be considered deprecated by
Bucket full of secrets – Terraform exfiltration | Mercari Engineering
Background At Mercari, we utilize many microservices developed across multiple different teams. Each team has ownership over not only their code, but also the infrastructure necessary to run their services. To allow developers to take ownership of their infrastructure we use HashiCorp Terraform to define the infrastructure as code. Developers can use Terraform native resources or custom modules pr
This year’s Advent of Code has been brutal (compare the stats of 2023 with that of 2022, especially day 1 part 1 vs. day 1 part 2). It included a problem to solve with dynamic programming as soon as day 12, which discouraged some people I know. This specific problem was particularly gnarly for Advent of Code, with multiple special cases to take into account, making it basically intractable if you
In 2006 Microsoft conducted a customer survey to find what new features users want in new versions of Microsoft Office. To their surprise, more than 90% of what users asked for already existed, they just didn't know about it. To address the "discoverability" issue, they came up with the "Ribbon UI" that we know from Microsoft Office products today. Office is not unique in this sense. Most of us ar
New – Enhanced Dead-letter Queue Management Experience for Amazon SQS Standard Queues | Amazon Web Services
AWS News Blog New – Enhanced Dead-letter Queue Management Experience for Amazon SQS Standard Queues Hundreds of thousands of customers use Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) to build message-based applications to decouple and scale microservices, distributed systems, and serverless apps. When a message cannot be successfully processed by the queue consumer, you can configure Amazon SQS to st
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Command Line Interface Guidelines
プロと読み解く Ruby 3.0 NEWS - クックパッド開発者ブログ
Building a tiny Linux from scratch
research!rsc: Coroutines for Go
GPT in 60 Lines of NumPy | Jay Mody
Writing a C compiler in 500 lines of Python
📖 vLLMのコードを読んでみよう - ENGINEERING BLOG ドコモ開発者ブログ
Changing std::sort at Google’s Scale and Beyond
Onyx, a new programming language powered by WebAssembly · Blog · Wasmer
What a good debugger can do 🔮
How terminal works. Part 1: Xterm, user input
Implementing Logic Programming
Building a Toy Programming Language in Python
Kalyn: a self-hosting compiler for x86-64
Why I use attrs instead of pydantic
Examples of floating point problems
0.8.0 Release Notes ⚡ The Zig Programming Language
How I wrote my own "proper" programming language
Lean for JavaScript Developers — overreacted
So You Want To Remove The GVL?
My thoughts on writing a Minecraft server from scratch (in Bash)
TypedDicts are better than you think
0.10.0 Release Notes ⚡ The Zig Programming Language
Dynamic Programming is not Black Magic - Quentin Santos
Lesser Known PostgreSQL Features