Join the O'Reilly online learning platform. Get a free trial today and find answers on the fly, or master something new and useful. Learn more Betty Jean Jennings and Frances Bilas (right) program the ENIAC in 1946. Via the Computer History Museum Eventually, interpreted languages, which are much easier to debug, became the norm. BASIC, one of the first of these to hit the big time, was at first s
Consider SQLite
If you were creating a web app from scratch today, what database would you use? Probably the most frequent answer I see to this is Postgres, although there are a wide range of common answers: MySQL, MariaDB, Microsoft SQL Server, MongoDB, etc. Today I want you to consider: what if SQLite would do just fine? For those who are unfamiliar, SQLite is a implementation of SQL as a library — this means t
Announcing New Tools for Building with Generative AI on AWS | Amazon Web Services
Artificial Intelligence Announcing New Tools for Building with Generative AI on AWS The seeds of a machine learning (ML) paradigm shift have existed for decades, but with the ready availability of scalable compute capacity, a massive proliferation of data, and the rapid advancement of ML technologies, customers across industries are transforming their businesses. Just recently, generative AI appli
Don't write clean code, write CRISP code — Bitfield Consulting
I’m sure we’re all in favour of “clean code”, but it’s one of those motherhood-and-apple-pie things that no one can reasonably disagree with. Who wants to write dirty code, unless maybe it’s for a porn site? The problem, of course, is that few of us can agree on what “clean code” means, and how to get there. A rule like “methods should only do one thing”, looks great on a T-shirt, but it’s not so
This post is about why we need a coroutine package for Go, and what it would look like. But first, what are coroutines? Every programmer today is familiar with function calls (subroutines): F calls G, which stops F and runs G. G does its work, potentially calling and waiting for other functions, and eventually returns. When G returns, G is gone and F continues running. In this pattern, only one fu
Note: As of 2022/10/25 the information in this series is slightly outdated. See Part 5 for more up to date information. The Car⌗ Last summer I bought a 2021 Hyundai Ioniq SEL. It is a nice fuel-efficient hybrid with a decent amount of features like wireless Android Auto/Apple CarPlay, wireless phone charging, heated seats, & a sunroof. One thing I particularly liked about this vehicle was the In-V
January 30, 2023 In this post, we'll implement a GPT from scratch in just 60 lines of numpy. We'll then load the trained GPT-2 model weights released by OpenAI into our implementation and generate some text. Note: This post assumes familiarity with Python, NumPy, and some basic experience with neural networks. This implementation is for educational purposes, so it's missing lots of features/improv
Couple of weeks ago when I was publishing The Hidden Cost of URL Design I needed to add SQL syntax highlighting. I headed to PrismJS website trying to remember if it should be added as a plugin or what. I was overwhelmed with the amount of options in the download page so I headed back to my code. I checked the file for PrismJS and at the top of the file, I found a comment containing a URL: /* http
話題のDeepSeek-R1が1.58bで動くようになったので早速試してみた。 これだと、H100 80GBx2で全てVRAMに乗せて動かすことができる。 継之助なら8台あるので4つ動かせることになる。やったぜ! 「秋葉原を舞台にしたラブストーリーを全て 日本語で書け。12話で完結するようにしろ。先に構成を決め、それから各話を三幕構成で全て書け」というプロンプトを与えてみた。 t$ ./llama.cpp/llama-cli --model DeepSeek-R1-GGUF/DeepSeek-R1-UD-IQ1_S/DeepSeek-R1-UD-IQ1_S-00001-of-00003.gguf --cache-type-k q4 _0 --threads 12 -no-cnv --n-gpu-layers 61 --prio 2 --temp 0.6 --ctx-size 18192 -
The Scary Thing About Automating Deploys - Engineering at Slack
Most of Slack runs on a monolithic service simply called “The Webapp”. It’s big – hundreds of developers create hundreds of changes every week. Deploying at this scale is a unique challenge. When people talk about continuous deployment, they’re often thinking about deploying to systems as soon as changes are ready. They talk about microservices and 2-pizza teams (~8 people). But what does continuo
What We Learned from a Year of Building with LLMs (Part I)
It’s an exciting time to build with large language models (LLMs). Over the past year, LLMs have become “good enough” for real-world applications. The pace of improvements in LLMs, coupled with a parade of demos on social media, will fuel an estimated $200B investment in AI by 2025. LLMs are also broadly accessible, allowing everyone, not just ML engineers and scientists, to build intelligence into
TL;DR; We are changing std::sort in LLVM’s libcxx. That’s a long story of what it took us to get there and all possible consequences, bugs you might encounter with examples from open source. We provide some benchmarks, perspective, why we did this in the first place and what it cost us with exciting ideas from Hyrum’s Law to reinforcement learning. All changes went into open source and thus I can
31st December 2024 A lot has happened in the world of Large Language Models over the course of 2024. Here’s a review of things we figured out about the field in the past twelve months, plus my attempt at identifying key themes and pivotal moments. This is a sequel to my review of 2023. In this article: The GPT-4 barrier was comprehensively broken Some of those GPT-4 models run on my laptop LLM pri
Making Python 100x faster with less than 100 lines of Rust
Update: I gave a talk on this topic at P99 CONF 2023 and at PyCon IL 2024 (Hebrew). A while ago at $work, we had a performance issue with one of our core Python libraries. This particular library forms the backbone of our 3D processing pipeline. It’s a rather big and complex library which uses NumPy and other scientific Python packages to do a wide range of mathematical and geometrical operations.
Update 1.99.1: The update addresses these security issues. Update 1.99.2: The update addresses these issues. Update 1.99.3: The update addresses these issues. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welcome to the March 2025 release of Visual Studio Code. There are many updates in this version that we hope you'll like, some of the key highligh
Vjeux » Birth of Prettier
React Conf is around the corner and it's been almost 10 years since Prettier was released. I figured it would be a good time to recount the journey from its early days to now. This is the story of how the "Space vs Tabs Holy War" ended, not through one side winning over the other but instead a technological invention making it the underlying source of tensions no longer being a thing. Back Story S
Introduction 11 May 2021 — This website presents FragAttacks (fragmentation and aggregation attacks) which is a collection of new security vulnerabilities that affect Wi-Fi devices. An adversary that is within range of a victim's Wi-Fi network can abuse these vulnerabilities to steal user information or attack devices. Three of the discovered vulnerabilities are design flaws in the Wi-Fi standard
Rust is an appealing language for building user interfaces for a variety of reasons, especially the promise of delivering both performance and safety. However, finding a good architecture is challenging. Architectures that work well in other languages generally don’t adapt well to Rust, mostly because they rely on shared mutable state and that is not idiomatic Rust, to put it mildly. It is sometim
Today we’re excited to announce our Release Candidate of TypeScript 5.2! Between now and the stable release of TypeScript 5.2, we expect no further changes apart from critical bug fixes. To get started using the RC, you can get it through NuGet, or through npm with the following command: npm install -D typescript@rc Here’s a quick list of what’s new in TypeScript 5.2! using Declarations and Explic
Masato Hagiwara Open in Recto Pad Google Colab Github Recto Pad TL;DR Recto is a 2D programming language that uses nested rectangles as its core syntax, encoding structure and recursion directly in space instead of a linear stream of text. Recto explores new ways to write, parse, and reason about code—and even natural language—spatially. Introduction Open in Recto Pad Virtually all the languages w
Agentic GraphRAG for Commercial Contracts | Towards Data Science
In every business, legal contracts are foundational documents that define the relationships, obligations, and responsibilities between parties. Whether it’s a partnership agreement, an NDA, or a supplier contract, these documents often contain critical information that drives decision-making, risk management, and compliance. However, navigating and extracting insights from these contracts can be a
Over the course of my Spring 2020 semester at Harvey Mudd College, I developed a self-hosting compiler entirely from scratch. This article walks through many interesting parts of the project. It’s laid out so you can just read from beginning to end, but if you’re more interested in a particular topic, feel free to jump there. Or, take a look at the project on GitHub. Table of contents What the pro
Patterns for Building LLM-based Systems & Products [ llm engineering production 🔥 ] · 66 min read Discussions on HackerNews, Twitter, and LinkedIn “There is a large class of problems that are easy to imagine and build demos for, but extremely hard to make products out of. For example, self-driving: It’s easy to demo a car self-driving around a block, but making it into a product takes a decade.”
A Walk with LuaJIT
The following is a chronicle of implementing a general purpose zero-instrumentation BPF based profiler for LuaJIT. Some assumptions are made about what this entails and it may be helpful to read some of our other work in this area. One major change from prior efforts is that instead of working with the original Parca unwinder we are now working with the OpenTelemetry eBPF profiler. If you missed t
Tier 4 Support § Support for these targets is entirely experimental. If this target is provided by LLVM, LLVM may have the target as an experimental target, which means that you need to use Zig-provided binaries for the target to be available, or build LLVM from source with special configure flags. zig targets will display the target if it is available. This target may be considered deprecated by
Update 1.82.1: The update addresses this security issue. Update 1.82.2: The update addresses these issues. Update 1.82.3: The update addresses this security issue. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welcome to the August 2023 release of Visual Studio Code. There are many updates in this version that we hope you'll like, some of the key hi
How a simple Linux kernel memory corruption bug can lead to complete system compromise
In this case, reallocating the object as one of those three types didn't seem to me like a nice way forward (although it should be possible to exploit this somehow with some effort, e.g. by using count.counter to corrupt the buf field of seq_file). Also, some systems might be using the slab_nomerge kernel command line flag, which disables this merging behavior. Another approach that I didn't look
I want to write a post about Pitchfork, explaining where it comes from, why it is like it is, and how I see its future. But before I can get to that, I think I need to share my mental model on a few things, in this case, Ruby’s GVL. For quite a long time, it has been said that Rails applications are mostly IO-bound, hence Ruby’s GVL isn’t that big of a deal and that has influenced the design of so
This paper reflects work done in late 2022 and 2023 to audit for vulnerabilities in terminal emulators, with a focus on open source software. The results of this work were 10 CVEs against terminal emulators that could result in Remote Code Execution (RCE), in addition various other bugs and hardening opportunities were found. The exact context and severity of these vulnerabilities varied, but some
A few times a week, someone asks on the #gui-and-ui channel on the Rust Discord, “what is the best UI toolkit for my application?” Unfortunately there is still no clear answer to this question. Generally the top contenders are egui, Iced, and Druid, with Slint looking promising as well, but web-based approaches such as Tauri are also gaining some momentum, and of course there’s always the temptati
OBS Studioに関する情報メモを書いてる記事 ※「OBS Studioに関する個人的メモ」を移転しました。(現在は閲覧不可) 記事投稿日 2021年10月6日 本記事は文字数が非常に多いため、ブラウザの検索機能をご活用ください。 ブラウザ検索のショートカットキー ・Windows : Ctrl + F ・macOS : Command + F 見づらくて申し訳ありません。 将来的には内容を分割して投稿したいと考えていますが、分けても長くなってしまうため、当面はこのページにまとめています。 この記事は以下の環境を使用して作成しています。 ※Linux、特定のデバイスが無いと表示されないソースのことはメモしていません。 ■Windowsの場合 OBS Studio 31.1.2 (それ以前のバージョン、および開発版も含む) OS : Windows 11 Pro 64bit (バージョン
Tier 4 Support § Support for these targets is entirely experimental. If this target is provided by LLVM, LLVM may have the target as an experimental target, which means that you need to use Zig-provided binaries for the target to be available, or build LLVM from source with special configure flags. zig targets will display the target if it is available. This target may be considered deprecated by
A 100x speedup with unsafe Python
We're going to speed up some numpy code by 100x using "unsafe Python." Which is not quite the same as unsafe Rust, but it's a bit similar, and I'm not sure what else to call it... you'll see. It's not something you'd use in most Python code, but it's handy on occasion, and I think it shows "the nature of Python” from an interesting angle. So let's say you use pygame to write a simple game in Pytho
Bucket full of secrets – Terraform exfiltration | Mercari Engineering
Background At Mercari, we utilize many microservices developed across multiple different teams. Each team has ownership over not only their code, but also the infrastructure necessary to run their services. To allow developers to take ownership of their infrastructure we use HashiCorp Terraform to define the infrastructure as code. Developers can use Terraform native resources or custom modules pr
Get the tale of the tape between the two orchestration giants and see why Dagster stands tall as the superior choice. When it comes to data orchestration there are two names that are almost always in the conversation: Apache Airflow and Dagster. We often get asked why data engineering teams should choose Dagster over Airflow. It boils down to a few key differences: Asset orientation: Dagster focus
arXiv:2506.12115v1 [cs.CL] 13 Jun 2025 Eliciting Reasoning in Language Models with Cognitive Tools Brown Ebouky IBM Research - Zurich ETH Zurich Brown.Ebouky@ibm.com Andrea Bartezzaghi IBM Research - Zurich abt@zurich.ibm.com Mattia Rigotti IBM Research - Zurich mrg@zurich.ibm.com Abstract The recent advent of reasoning models like OpenAI’s o1 was met with excited spec- ulation by the AI community
This year’s Advent of Code has been brutal (compare the stats of 2023 with that of 2022, especially day 1 part 1 vs. day 1 part 2). It included a problem to solve with dynamic programming as soon as day 12, which discouraged some people I know. This specific problem was particularly gnarly for Advent of Code, with multiple special cases to take into account, making it basically intractable if you
I’m a fairly frequent Hacker News lurker, especially when I have some other important task that I’m avoiding. I normally head to the Active page (lots of comments, good for procrastination) and pick a nice long discussion thread to browse. So over time I’ve ended up with a good sense of what topics come up a lot. “The Bay Area is too expensive.” “There are too many JavaScript frameworks.” “Bootcam
prompts.chat
Welcome to the “Awesome ChatGPT Prompts” repository! While this collection was originally created for ChatGPT, these prompts work great with other AI models like Claude, Gemini, Hugging Face Chat, Llama, Mistral, and more. ChatGPT is a web interface created by OpenAI that provides access to their GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) language models. The underlying models, like GPT-4o and GPT-o
Rewriting Rust
The Rust programming language feels like a first generation product. You know what I mean. Like the first iPhone - which was amazing by the way. They made an entire operating system around multitouch. A smart phone with no keyboard. And a working web browser. Within a few months, we all realised what the iPhone really wanted to be. Only, the first generation iphone wasn't quite there. It didn't ha
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The End of Programming as We Know It
research!rsc: Coroutines for Go
How I Hacked my Car
GPT in 60 Lines of NumPy | Jay Mody
Your URL Is Your State
DeepSeek-R1 1.58bを試す/ついに実用的なBitNetが!?｜shi3z
Changing std::sort at Google’s Scale and Beyond
Things we learned about LLMs in 2024
March 2025 (version 1.99)
FragAttacks: Security flaws in all Wi-Fi devices
Xilem: an architecture for UI in Rust
Announcing TypeScript 5.2 RC - TypeScript
Recto — a truly 2D language
Kalyn: a self-hosting compiler for x86-64
Patterns for Building LLM-based Systems & Products
0.8.0 Release Notes ⚡ The Zig Programming Language
August 2023 (version 1.82)
So You Want To Remove The GVL?
"�[31m"?! ANSI Terminal security in 2023 and finding 10 CVEs
Advice for the next dozen Rust GUIs
OBS Studio に関するメモ - すたいるのOBS情報メモブログ
0.10.0 Release Notes ⚡ The Zig Programming Language
Dagster vs Airflow: Feature Comparison
Eliciting Reasoning in Language Models with Cognitive Tools
Dynamic Programming is not Black Magic - Quentin Santos
Hacker News folk wisdom on visual programming