関数名、メソッド名、変数名でよく使う英単語のまとめ
プログラミングをしていると関数名、メソッド名、変数名をどうするか悩みます。 ロジックより命名に時間を費やすこともざらにあります。翻訳したり、一般的な命名規則なのかいつも検索して大変です。 よく使うサイトの内容をコピってメモしておく 関数名とメソッド名の違いについて よく使う英単語のまえに、いつもごっちゃにして使っているけど、定義はこんな感じ 「関数」と「メソッド」の違い 似ているところ どちらも何か（引数）を入れると処理をして何か（戻り値）を返してくれます。 違うところ やってること自体は大差ありません。概念としては違います。 メソッドはオブジェクト指向で登場する用語で、オブジェクトの動作を定義したものです。 まずオブジェクトありきなのですね。一方の関数は、オブジェクト云々は関係ありません。 個人的な使い分け Java で登場する関数は「メソッド」です。C 言語で登場する関数は「関数」と呼
大実験！ChatGPTは競プロの問題を解けるのか (2024年5月版) - E869120's Blog
1. はじめに 2024 年 5 月 14 日、OpenAI 社から新たな生成 AI「GPT-4o」が発表され、世界に大きな衝撃を与えました。これまでの GPT-4 よりも性能を向上させただけでなく1、音声や画像のリアルタイム処理も実現し、さらに応答速度が大幅に速くなりました。「ついにシンギュラリティが来てしまったか」「まるで SF の世界を生きているような感覚だ」という感想も見受けられました。 しかし、いくら生成 AI とはいえ、競技プログラミングの問題を解くのは非常に難しいです。なぜなら競技プログラミングでは、問題文を理解する能力、プログラムを実装する能力だけでなく、より速く答えを求められる解法 (アルゴリズム) を考える能力も要求されるからです。もし ChatGPT が競技プログラミングを出来るようになれば他のあらゆるタスクをこなせるだろう、と考える人もいます。 それでは、現代最強の
プロと読み解くRuby 3.4 NEWS テクノロジー部門技術基盤グループの笹田（ko1）と遠藤（mame）です。Ruby (MRI: Matz Ruby Implementation、いわゆる ruby コマンド) の開発をしています。お金をもらって Ruby を開発しているのでプロの Ruby コミッタです。 本日 12/25 に、恒例のクリスマスリリースとして、Ruby 3.4.0 がリリースされました（Ruby 3.4.0 リリース ）。今年も STORES Product Blog にて Ruby 3.4 の NEWS.md ファイルの解説をします（ちなみに、STORES Advent Calendar 2024 の記事になります。他も読んでね）。NEWS ファイルとは何か、は以前の記事を見てください。 プロと読み解く Ruby 2.6 NEWS ファイル - クックパッド開発者
January 30, 2023 In this post, we'll implement a GPT from scratch in just 60 lines of numpy. We'll then load the trained GPT-2 model weights released by OpenAI into our implementation and generate some text. Note: This post assumes familiarity with Python, NumPy, and some basic experience with neural networks. This implementation is for educational purposes, so it's missing lots of features/improv
Introducing Ezno
Ezno is an experimental compiler I have been working on and off for a while. In short, it is a JavaScript compiler featuring checking, correctness and performance for building full-stack (rendering on the client and server) websites. This post is just an overview of some of the features I have been working on which I think are quite cool as well an overview on the project philosophy ;) It is still
ClaudeのMCPを徹底解説！ & gpt-4o+MCP+YouTube APIの動画推薦チャットAIも作る - Qiita
mcp_server_youtube という名前にしました。 mcp_server_youtube というディレクトリができます。 mcp_server_youtube/src/mcp_server_youtube/server.py にサーバー実装を記述します。 実装 MCPサーバーの実装はほとんどgpt-4oを使って行いました。 ポイント 今回はこのサーバーに登録されたツールが youtube-search のみなので、handle_call_tool に到着したリクエストが youtube-search と一致している場合のみ処理行います YouTube Data API v3 は単純にAPIを実装するだけです これの嬉しさ 普通にfunction callingからAPIを叩くだけなら、MCPサーバーはいりません。ただ、独立したMCPサーバーとして作ることで再利用がしやすい形になり
A few months ago, I set myself the challenge of writing a C compiler in 500 lines of Python1, after writing my SDF donut post. How hard could it be? The answer was, pretty hard, even when dropping quite a few features. But it was also pretty interesting, and the result is surprisingly functional and not too hard to understand! There's too much code for me to comprehensively cover in a single blog
型安全かつシンプルなAgentフレームワーク「PydanticAI」の実装を解剖する - ABEJA Tech Blog
はじめに こちらはABEJAアドベントカレンダー2024 12日目の記事です。 こんにちは、ABEJAでデータサイエンティストをしている坂元です。最近はLLMでアプローチしようとしていたことがよくよく検証してみるとLLMでは難しいことが分かり急遽CVのあらゆるモデルとレガシーな画像処理をこれでもかというくらい詰め込んだパイプラインを実装することになった案件を経験して、LLMでは難しそうなことをLLM以外のアプローチでこなせるだけの引き出しとスキルはDSとしてやはり身に付けておくべきだなと思うなどしています（LLMにやらせようとしていることは大抵難しいことなので切り替えはそこそこ大変）。 とはいうものの、Agentの普及によってより複雑かつ高度な推論も出来るようになってきています。弊社の社内外のプロジェクト状況を見ていても最近では単純なRAG案件は減りつつあり、計画からアクションの実行、結果
Updated Mon Feb 5 10:22:02 EST 2024 Available in paperback and e-book formats. Order at Amazon and other fine booksellers. Introduction This page holds material related to the second edition of The AWK Programming Language. The first edition was written by Al Aho, Brian Kernighan and Peter Weinberger in 1988. Awk has evolved since then, there are multiple implementations, and of course the computi
TL;DR; We are changing std::sort in LLVM’s libcxx. That’s a long story of what it took us to get there and all possible consequences, bugs you might encounter with examples from open source. We provide some benchmarks, perspective, why we did this in the first place and what it cost us with exciting ideas from Hyrum’s Law to reinforcement learning. All changes went into open source and thus I can
Note: This blog post is also available as a documentation page on Transformers. Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT3/4, Falcon, and LLama are rapidly advancing in their ability to tackle human-centric tasks, establishing themselves as essential tools in modern knowledge-based industries. Deploying these models in real-world tasks remains challenging, however: To exhibit near-human text unders
驚異のAIエージェント「Manus」の全貌を解剖！ ～その仕組み、機能、そして私たちにもたらす可能性～｜りんか | AI情報発信 /ビジネス/研究
Hi! I'm Peak from Manus AI. Actually, it's not that complicated - the sandbox is directly accessible to each user (see screenshot for method). Specifically: * Each session has its own sandbox, completely isolated from other sessions. Users can enter the sandbox directly through… pic.twitter.com/2o22LIJHEU — Yichao 'Peak' Ji (@peakji) March 10, 2025 Manusの主な機能 情報収集＆ファクトチェック: ウェブ検索やデータ分析を駆使し、必要な情報を迅
","eos_token":"<|return|>","pad_token":"<|endoftext|>"},"chat_template_jinja":"{#-\n In addition to the normal inputs of `messages` and `tools`, this template also accepts the\n following kwargs:\n - \"builtin_tools\": A list, can contain \"browser\" and/or \"python\".\n - \"model_identity\": A string that optionally describes the model identity.\n - \"reasoning_effort\": A string that describes t
Introduction Data preprocessing is a necessary step in any machine learning workflow, affecting both the model’s effectiveness and the ease of maintenance. While scikit-learn is commonly used for preprocessing due to its integration with the broader Python ecosystem, DuckDB offers a practical alternative by enabling SQL-based data transformations within Python. Its declarative syntax supports modu
Gamedev in Lisp. Part 1: ECS and Metalinguistic Abstraction - cl-fast-ecs by Andrew
Gamedev in Lisp. Part 1: ECS and Metalinguistic Abstraction In this series of tutorials, we will delve into creating simple 2D games in Common Lisp. The result of the first part will be a development environment setup and a basic simulation displaying a 2D scene with a large number of physical objects. It is assumed that the reader is familiar with some high-level programming language, has a gener
Onyx, a new programming language powered by WebAssemblyLearn about Onyx, a new imperative programming language that leverages WebAssembly and Wasmer for seamless cross-platform support What is Onyx? Onyx is a new programming language featuring a modern, expressive syntax, strict type safety, blazingly-fast build times, and out-of-the-box cross platform support thanks to WebAssembly. Over the past
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) K. Davis Request for Comments: 9562 Cisco Systems Obsoletes: 4122 B. Peabody Category: Standards Track Uncloud ISSN: 2070-1721 P. Leach University of Washington May 2024 Universally Unique IDentifiers (UUIDs) Abstract This specification defines UUIDs (Universally Unique IDentifiers) -- also known as GUIDs (Globally Unique IDentifiers) -- and a Uniform Resou
Golang Mini Reference 2022: A Quick Guide to the Modern Go Programming Language (REVIEW COPY)
Golang Mini Reference 2022 A Quick Guide to the Modern Go Programming Language (REVIEW COPY) Harry Yoon Version 0.9.0, 2022-08-24 REVIEW COPY This is review copy, not to be shared or distributed to others. Please forward any feedback or comments to the author. • feedback@codingbookspress.com The book is tentatively scheduled to be published on September 14th, 2022. We hope that when the release da
","chat_template":[{"name":"default","template":"{{ bos_token }}{% if messages[0]['role'] == 'system' %}{% set loop_messages = messages[1:] %}{% set system_message = messages[0]['content'] %}{% elif false == true %}{% set loop_messages = messages %}{% set system_message = 'You are Command-R, a brilliant, sophisticated, AI-assistant trained to assist human users by providing thorough responses. You
Last semester at university, I took a course called "Syntax-Based Tools and Compilers". It focused on building a scanner, parser, compiler, and so on for a language called PL0. We used Python in the course, but I was really interested in learning Rust at the time. So, I decided to embark on a side project (yes, another one!). This time, I wanted to build a JSON parser in Rust. My goal was to test
AST vs. Bytecode: Interpreters in the Age of Meta-Compilation
233 AST vs. Bytecode: Interpreters in the Age of Meta-Compilation OCTAVE LAROSE, University of Kent, UK SOPHIE KALEBA, University of Kent, UK HUMPHREY BURCHELL, University of Kent, UK STEFAN MARR, University of Kent, UK Thanks to partial evaluation and meta-tracing, it became practical to build language implementations that reach state-of-the-art peak performance by implementing only an interprete
Parsing SQL - Strumenta
The code for this tutorial is on GitHub: parsing-sql SQL is a language to handle data in a relational database. If you worked with data you have probably worked with SQL. In this article we will talk about parsing SQL. It is in the same league of HTML: maybe you never learned it formally but you kind of know how to use it. That is great because if you know SQL, you know how to handle data. However
How I developed a faster Ruby interpreter | Red Hat Developer
In this article, I will describe my efforts to implement a faster interpreter for CRuby, the Ruby language interpreter, using a dynamically specialized internal representation (IR). I believe this article will interest developers trying to improve the interpreter performance of dynamic programming languages (e.g., CPython developers). I will cover the following topics: Existing CRuby interpreter a
This blog tries to summarize all the choices and paths you could take to implement your next programming language, more specifically the frontend for your language. There are a lot of factors that will influence your choices. Maybe you have your favorite host language that you would like to use for implementing your language, whether your language is dynamically or statically typed, or you are des
Over the course of my Spring 2020 semester at Harvey Mudd College, I developed a self-hosting compiler entirely from scratch. This article walks through many interesting parts of the project. It’s laid out so you can just read from beginning to end, but if you’re more interested in a particular topic, feel free to jump there. Or, take a look at the project on GitHub. Table of contents What the pro
This post is an account of why I prefer using the attrs library over Pydantic. I'm writing it since I am often asked this question and I want to have something concrete to link to. This is not meant to be an objective comparison of attrs and Pydantic; I'm not interested in comparing bullet points of features, nor can I be unbiased since I'm a major contributor to attrs (at time of writing, second
The OpenSSL punycode vulnerability (CVE-2022-3602): Overview, detection, exploitation, and remediation | Datadog Security Labs
emerging threats and vulnerabilities The OpenSSL punycode vulnerability (CVE-2022-3602): Overview, detection, exploitation, and remediation November 1, 2022 emerging vulnerability On November 1, 2022, the OpenSSL Project released a security advisory detailing a high-severity vulnerability in the OpenSSL library. Deployments of OpenSSL from 3.0.0 to 3.0.6 (included) are vulnerable and are fixed in
Model Spec (2024/05/08)
May 08, 2024 Overview This is the first draft of the Model Spec, a document that specifies desired behavior for our models in the OpenAI API and ChatGPT. It includes a set of core objectives, as well as guidance on how to deal with conflicting objectives or instructions. Our intention is to use the Model Spec as guidelines for researchers and data labelers to create data as part of a technique cal
Tier 4 Support § Support for these targets is entirely experimental. If this target is provided by LLVM, LLVM may have the target as an experimental target, which means that you need to use Zig-provided binaries for the target to be available, or build LLVM from source with special configure flags. zig targets will display the target if it is available. This target may be considered deprecated by
Lean for JavaScript DevelopersSeptember 2, 2025 This is my opinionated syntax primer for the Lean programming language. It is far from complete and may contain inaccuracies (I’m still learning Lean myself) but this is how I wish I was introduced to it, and what I wish was clarified. Why Lean? This post assumes you’re already eager to learn a bit of Lean. For motivation, I humbly submit to you two
The Go Programming Language and Environment – Communications of the ACM
Go is a programming language created at Google in late 2007 and released as open source in November 2009. Since then, it has operated as a public project, with contributions from thousands of individuals and dozens of companies. Go has become a popular language for building cloud infrastructure: Docker, a Linux container manager, and Kubernetes, a container deployment system, are core cloud techno
A Lisp Interpreter Implemented in Conway’s Game of Life
Lisp in Life is a Lisp interpreter implemented in Conway’s Game of Life. The entire pattern is viewable on the browser here. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first time a high-level programming language was interpreted in Conway’s Game of Life. Running Lisp on the Game of Life Lisp is a language with a simple and elegant design, having an extensive ability to express sophisticated ideas as
agent loop �� �p�� You are Manus, an AI agent created by the Manus team. You excel at the following tasks: 1. Information gathering, fact-checking, and documentation 2. Data processing, analysis, and visualization 3. Writing multi-chapter articles and in-depth research reports 4. Creating websites, applications, and tools 5. Using programming to solve various problems beyond development 6. Variou
C Isn't A Programming Language Anymore Phantomderp and I have both recently been very aligned on a particular subject: being extremely angry about C ABIs and trying to fix them. Where we’re not aligned is why we’re mad about them. He’s trying to materially improve the conditions of using C itself as a programming language. I’m trying to materially improve the conditions of using literally any lang
Tier 4 Support § Support for these targets is entirely experimental. If this target is provided by LLVM, LLVM may have the target as an experimental target, which means that you need to use Zig-provided binaries for the target to be available, or build LLVM from source with special configure flags. zig targets will display the target if it is available. This target may be considered deprecated by
So, What's So Special About The Mill Scala Build Tool? Mill is a Scala build tool that offers an alternative to the venerable SBT toolchain. Mill aims for simplicity by reusing concepts you are already familiar with, borrowing ideas from Functional Programming and modern tools like Bazel. Feedback from users of Mill is often surprisingly positive, with people saying it is "intuitive" or feels "jus
This article was discussed on Hacker News. This is a continuation of my last post on how to write a tree-sitter grammar in an afternoon. Building on the grammar we wrote, now we’re going to write a linter for Imp, and it’s even easier! The final result clocks in less than 60 SLOC and can be found here. Recall that tree-sitter is an incremental parser generator. That is, you give it a description o
","eos_token":"<|return|>","pad_token":"<|endoftext|>"},"chat_template_jinja":"{#-\n In addition to the normal inputs of `messages` and `tools`, this template also accepts the\n following kwargs:\n - \"builtin_tools\": A list, can contain \"browser\" and/or \"python\".\n - \"model_identity\": A string that optionally describes the model identity.\n - \"reasoning_effort\": A string that describes t
最近、一部のローカルLLM勢のあいだでChatVectorで遊ぶのが流行っている。 ChatVectorとは何か？というとこちらの論文で発表された技術だ。 [2310.04799] Chat Vector: A Simple Approach to Equip LLMs with Instruction Following and Model Alignment in New Languages (arxiv.org) こちらの解説記事が分かりやすい。 Chat Vectorを使って日本語LLMをチャットモデルに改造する – Qiita 要するに、ChatVectorとは指示チューニングでチャット能力を獲得したモデルのウエイトから、ベースになったモデルのウエイトを差し引いた差分の事である。 そしてChatVectorを別のモデルのウエイトに加算すれば、そのモデルにチャット能力を付与する事が
Python behind the scenes #13: the GIL and its effects on Python multithreading
As you probably know, the GIL stands for the Global Interpreter Lock, and its job is to make the CPython interpreter thread-safe. The GIL allows only one OS thread to execute Python bytecode at any given time, and the consequence of this is that it's not possible to speed up CPU-intensive Python code by distributing the work among multiple threads. This is, however, not the only negative effect of
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プロと読み解くRuby 3.4 NEWS - STORES Product Blog
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ChatVectorで新モデル作って評価して遊ぶヤツ、自分もやりたい