// Good: choose between two options as appropriate (see below). import * as ng from '@angular/core'; import {Foo} from './foo'; // Only when needed: default imports. import Button from 'Button'; // Sometimes needed to import libraries for their side effects: import 'jasmine'; import '@polymer/paper-button'; Import paths TypeScript code must use paths to import other TypeScript code. Paths may be r
Pretty Print Raw files are usually minified, and therefore hard to read. Use the Pretty Print option to format it In the background, Chrome is creating a new file (names filename.js:formatted), closing that file will undo the formatting. If doing this each time is getting boring, then there's an experimental setting to auto-enable pretty print for all sources. Under ⋮ → Settings → Experiments Sele
📝 require(moduleName) は同期処理なのに対して、import(moduleName)は非同期処理となります。 📝 tsconfig.jsonでesModuleInteropがtrueでないとdeafult importの意味合いは異なります。 この表はCommonJS ModulesとECMAScript Modulesで機能的に1対1で応するという意味ではありませんが、 大まかにはこの対応表にそってECMAScript Modulesの構文へと変換ができます。 エディターを使い手動で変換したり、次のようなツールを使ってある程度機械的な変換も可能です。 cjstoesm commonjs-to-es-module-codemod このモジュールの変換で重要なことは、できるだけCommonJS ModulesとECMAScript Modulesを混ぜないことです。
WebKit Features in Safari 16.4
Mar 27, 2023 by Patrick Angle, Marcos Caceres, Razvan Caliman, Jon Davis, Brady Eidson, Timothy Hatcher, Ryosuke Niwa, and Jen Simmons ContentsWeb Push on iOS and iPadOSImprovements for Web AppsWeb ComponentsCSSHTMLJavaScript and WebAssemblyWeb APIImages, Video, and AudioWKWebViewDeveloper ToolingWeb InspectorSafari Web ExtensionsSafari Content BlockersNew Restrictions in Lockdown ModeMore Improve
Introducing Ezno
Ezno is an experimental compiler I have been working on and off for a while. In short, it is a JavaScript compiler featuring checking, correctness and performance for building full-stack (rendering on the client and server) websites. This post is just an overview of some of the features I have been working on which I think are quite cool as well an overview on the project philosophy ;) It is still
A few months ago, I set myself the challenge of writing a C compiler in 500 lines of Python1, after writing my SDF donut post. How hard could it be? The answer was, pretty hard, even when dropping quite a few features. But it was also pretty interesting, and the result is surprisingly functional and not too hard to understand! There's too much code for me to comprehensively cover in a single blog
Preliminaries What Is xargs? It's an adapter between text streams and argv arrays, two essential concepts in shell. You pass it flags that specify how to split stdin. Then it generates arguments and invokes processes. Example: $ echo 'alice bob' | xargs -n 1 -- echo hi hi alice hi bob What's happening here? xargs splits the input stream on whitespace, producing 2 arguments, alice and bob. We passe
With pen and paper, anyone can write a journal entry, draw a diagram, perform a calculation, or sketch a cartoon. Digital tablets like the iPad or reMarkable can adapt pen and paper into the world of digital media. In doing so, they trade away some of paper’s advantages like cheapness and tangibility. In exchange, we get new computational powers like nondestructive editing and ease of transmission
What is TypeScriptTypeScript is a popular JavaScript superset created by Microsoft that brings a type system on top of all the flexibility and dynamic programming capabilities of JavaScript. The language has been built as an open-source project, licensed under the Apache License 2.0, has a very active and vibrant community, and has taken off significantly since its original inception. Installing T
LogLog Games
The article is also available in Chinese. Disclaimer: This post is a very long collection of thoughts and problems I've had over the years, and also addresses some of the arguments I've been repeatedly told. This post expresses my opinion the has been formed over using Rust for gamedev for many thousands of hours over many years, and multiple finished games. This isn't meant to brag or indicate su
Update 1.99.1: The update addresses these security issues. Update 1.99.2: The update addresses these issues. Update 1.99.3: The update addresses these issues. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welcome to the March 2025 release of Visual Studio Code. There are many updates in this version that we hope you'll like, some of the key highligh
All JavaScript and TypeScript Features of the last 3 years
TypeScript as envisioned by Stable DiffusionThis article goes through almost all of the changes of the last 3 years (and some from earlier) in JavaScript / ECMAScript and TypeScript . Not all of the following features will be relevant to you or even practical, but they should instead serve to show what’s possible and to deepen your understanding of these languages. There are a lot of TypeScript fe
WebKit Features in Safari 17.4
ContentsArchitectural improvementsWeb AppsForm elementsCSSWeb APIJavaScriptMediaSVGWebGLWeb AssemblyWeb InspectorChanges to SafariSafari ExtensionsWeb AuthenticationBug Fixes and moreUpdating to Safari 17.4Feedback Just like Safari 15.4 and Safari 16.4, this March’s release of Safari 17.4 is a significant one for web developers. We’re proud to announce another 46 features and 146 bug fixes. You ca
Today we’re excited to announce the release of TypeScript 5.6! If you’re not familiar with TypeScript, it’s a language that builds on top of JavaScript by adding syntax for types. Types describe the shapes we expect of our variables, parameters, and functions, and the TypeScript type-checker can help catch issues like typos, missing properties, and bad function calls before we even run our code. T
Toggle dark mode What follows is a brain dump of everything I know about compiling Rust to WebAssembly. Enjoy. Some time ago, I wrote a blog post on how to compile C to WebAssembly without Emscripten, i.e. without the default tool that makes that process easy. In Rust, the tool that makes WebAssembly easy is called wasm-bindgen, and we are going to ditch it! At the same time, Rust is a bit differe
Golang Mini Reference 2022: A Quick Guide to the Modern Go Programming Language (REVIEW COPY)
Golang Mini Reference 2022 A Quick Guide to the Modern Go Programming Language (REVIEW COPY) Harry Yoon Version 0.9.0, 2022-08-24 REVIEW COPY This is review copy, not to be shared or distributed to others. Please forward any feedback or comments to the author. • feedback@codingbookspress.com The book is tentatively scheduled to be published on September 14th, 2022. We hope that when the release da
1 Introduction Compilers, assemblers and similar tools generate all the binary code that processors execute. It is no surprise then that these tools play a major role in security analysis and hardening of relevant binary code. Often the only practical way to protect all binaries with a particular security hardening method is to have the compiler do it. And, with software security becoming more and
GitHub - patcg-individual-drafts/topics: The Topics API
Note that this is an explainer, the first step in the standardization process. The API is not finalized. The parameters below (e.g., taxonomy size, number of topics calculated per week, the number of topics returned per call, etc.) are subject to change as we incorporate ecosystem feedback and iterate on the API. document.browsingTopics() returns an array of up to three topics, one from each of th
WebKit Features in Safari 18.0
ContentsNew in Safari 18Web apps for MacCSSSpatial WebHTMLJavaScriptWeb APICanvasManaged Media SourceWebRTCHTTPSWebGLWeb InspectorPasskeysSafari ExtensionsApple PayDeprecationsBug Fixes and moreUpdating to Safari 18.0Feedback Safari 18.0 is here. Along with iOS 18, iPadOS 18, macOS Sequoia and visionOS 2, today is the day another 53 web platform features, as well as 25 deprecations and 209 resolve
Whilst the trend is seemingly to rewrite every JavaScript build tool in other languages such as Rust or Go, the current JavaScript-based tools could be a lot faster. The build pipeline in a typical frontend project is usually composed of many different tools working together. But the diversification of tools makes it a little harder to spot performance problems for tooling maintainers as they need
Vacuous truth - Wikipedia
In mathematics and logic, a vacuous truth is a conditional or universal statement (a universal statement that can be converted to a conditional statement) that is true because the antecedent cannot be satisfied.[1] It is sometimes said that a statement is vacuously true because it does not really say anything.[2] For example, the statement "all cell phones in the room are turned off" will be true
Join a VS Code Dev Days event near you to learn about AI-assisted development in VS Code. Update 1.54.1: The update addresses an issue with an extension dependency. Update 1.54.2: The update addresses these issues. Update 1.54.3: The update addresses this issue. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welcome to the February 2021 release of Vi
WebGPU is an upcoming Web API that gives you low-level, general-purpose access GPUs. I am not very experienced with graphics. I picked up bits and bobs of WebGL by reading through tutorials on how to build game engines with OpenGL and learned more about shaders by watching Inigo Quilez do amazing things on ShaderToy by just using shaders, without any 3D meshes or models. This got me far enough to
Join a VS Code Dev Days event near you to learn about AI-assisted development in VS Code. Update 1.70.1: The update addresses these issues. Update 1.70.2: The update addresses these issues. Update 1.70.3: This update is only available for Windows 7 users and is the last release supporting Windows 7. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welc
Toggle dark mode I may be late to the party, but LangGraph lets you build complex workflow architectures and codify them as powerful automations. Also LLMs, if you want. But you don’t have to! LLM Architecture I always liked the idea of “flow-based” programming. PureData, DaVinci Resolve, Node Red... they all appeal to me. I also always liked the idea of running LLMs locally, rather than spending
Today we are excited to announce the availability of TypeScript 5.8 Beta. To get started using the beta, you can get it through npm with the following command: npm install -D typescript@beta Let’s take a look at what’s new in TypeScript 5.8! Checked Returns for Conditional and Indexed Access Types Consider an API that presents a set of options to a user: /** * @param prompt The text to show to a u
JavaScript needs more helper functions for iteration (map, filter, etc.) – where should we put them?
JavaScript needs more helper functions for iteration (map, filter, etc.) – where should we put them? Iteration is a standard that connects operations with data containers: Each operation that follows this standard, can be applied to each data container that implements this standard. In this blog post: We first explore three questions: How does JavaScript’s iteration work? What are its quirks? What
The year is 2023 and we’ve released Node.js v20. It’s a significant accomplishment, and this article aims to use scientific numbers to assess the state of Node.js’ performance. All the benchmark results contain a reproducible example and hardware details. To reduce the noise for regular readers, the reproducible steps will be collapsed at the beginning of all sections. This article aims to provide
When a single-page application needs to fetch data from a remote source, it needs to do so while remaining responsive and providing feedback to the user during an often slow query. Five patterns help with this. Asynchronous State Handler wraps these queries with meta-queries for the state of the query. Parallel Data Fetching minimizes wait time. Fallback Markup specifies fallback displays in marku
Update 1.78.1: The update addresses this security issue. Update 1.78.2: The update addresses these issues. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welcome to the April 2023 release of Visual Studio Code. There are many updates in this version that we hope you'll like, some of the key highlights include: Accessibility improvements - Better scre
Welcome to WWDC25! We’ve got lots of exciting announcements about web technology to share with you this week. Don’t miss our seven sessions, including What’s new in Safari and WebKit. Today brings the beta of Safari 26, with 67 new features and 107 improvements. We’ll take a tour of them all in this article. But first — Safari 26? Where is Safari 19? You might have seen today during the WWDC25 Key
The idea of state is one of the trickier things to nail down when you’re starting with React, and as your app grows, so do your state management needs. In this post I’ll give you the Grand Tour of state management options in React and help you decide which one to use in your project. What is State? Just so we’re on the same page, let’s talk about state for a second. Every interactive app involves
WebKit Features in Safari 17.2
ContentsHTMLCSSImages and videoJavaScriptWeb APIWeb AppsWebGLPrivacyWeb InspectorFixes for Interop 2023 and moreUpdating to Safari 17.2Feedback Web technology is constantly moving forward, with both big new features and small subtle adjustments. Nowadays, web developers expect web browsers to update multiple times a year, instead of the once or twice a year typical of the late 2000s — or the once
agent loop �� �p�� You are Manus, an AI agent created by the Manus team. You excel at the following tasks: 1. Information gathering, fact-checking, and documentation 2. Data processing, analysis, and visualization 3. Writing multi-chapter articles and in-depth research reports 4. Creating websites, applications, and tools 5. Using programming to solve various problems beyond development 6. Variou
graphql/dataloader を読んだ話
graphql/dataloader のドキュメント及びソースコードを全て読んだので、その話を書く。 読むことにした第一の理由は仕事で使うからだが、以下の特徴から自分のプログラミング学習教材として適していそうだと考えたからでもある。 広く使われている OSS である GitHub の星が 11k npm trends で検索しても多くの人がダウンロードしている コードの量が少ない 実装は src/index.js に全て書かれている コメント含めて 500 行にも満たず、しかもその 1/3 くらいはコメント テストカバレッジが高い 常に 100% 初めて読むコードでテストカバレッジが高いと、テストコードを読むことで期待される挙動を確認できるので嬉しい npm trends によると、一週間で 200 万件近くダウンロードされているようだ。 目次 graphql/dataloader とは
Jun 10, 2024 by Jen Simmons, Jon Davis, Karl Dubost, Anne van Kesteren, Marcos Cáceres, Ada Rose Canon, Tim Nguyen, Sanjana Aithal, Pascoe, and Garrett Davidson ContentsWebXRCSSWeb apps for MacSafari ExtensionsSpatial mediaHTMLMediaWebRTCPasskeysHTTPSJavaScriptWeb APICanvasWebGLWeb InspectorWKWebViewApple PayDeprecationsBug Fixes and moreHelp us Beta TestFeedback The last year has been a great one
WebKit Features in Safari 18.4
Mar 31, 2025 by Jen Simmons, Saron Yitbarek, Jon Davis, Razvan Caliman, Karl Dubost, Brady Eidson, Elika Etemad, Youenn Fablet, Matthew Finkel, Simon Fraser, Timothy Hatcher, David Johnson, Anne van Kesteren, Daniel Liu, Keith Miller, Rupin Mittal, Tim Nguyen, Pascoe, Abrar Rahman Protyasha, Richard Robinson, Lily Spiniolas, Brandon Stewart, John Wilander and Luming Yin ContentsDeclarative Web Pus
Bloom Filters
This page makes heavy use of JavaScript to visualise the concepts discussed. Viewing it without JavaScript will be a strange experience, as the text talks about the visualisations. I strongly recommend either enabling JavaScript, or not wasting your time. Everyone has a set of tools they use to solve problems. Growing this set helps you to solve ever more difficult problems. In this post, I'm goin
Reading Time: 9 minutes Phil Karlton has famously said that the two hardest things in computer science are naming things and cache invalidation1. That’s still kinda true in front-end development. Naming stuff is hard, and so is changing a class name when your stylesheet is cached. For quite a few years, I’ve had a gist called “Tiny Rules for How to Name Stuff.” Which is what you think: little tiny
Forgo | ForgoJS
Tiny UI runtime for modern web apps. Forgo is a 4KB library that makes it super easy to create modern web apps using JSX (like React). Unlike React, there are very few framework specific patterns and lingo to learn. Everything you already know about DOM APIs and JavaScript will easily carry over. Installation npm install forgo Starting a Forgo project The easiest way to get started is with the 'cr
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Google TypeScript Style Guide
Browser Dev Tools: The Ultimate Guide 🔥
インクリメンタルに新しい技術を取り入れる方法。TypeScriptへの移行を例にしたプロセス
Writing a C compiler in 500 lines of Python
An Opinionated Guide to xargs
Inkbase: Programmable Ink
Working With TypeScript: A Practical Guide for Developers
March 2025 (version 1.99)
Announcing TypeScript 5.6 - TypeScript
Rust to WebAssembly the hard way — surma.dev
Low-Level Software Security for Compiler Developers
Speeding up the JavaScript ecosystem - one library at a time
February 2021 (version 1.54)
WebGPU — All of the cores, none of the canvas — surma.dev
July 2022 (version 1.70)
LangGraph for complex workflows — surma.dev
Announcing TypeScript 5.8 Beta - TypeScript
State of Node.js Performance 2023
Data Fetching Patterns in Single-Page Applications
April 2023 (version 1.78)
News from WWDC25: WebKit in Safari 26 beta
React State Management Libraries and How to Choose
Manus tools and prompts
News from WWDC24: WebKit in Safari 18 beta
A Small Guide for Naming Stuff in Front-end Code