// Good: choose between two options as appropriate (see below). import * as ng from '@angular/core'; import {Foo} from './foo'; // Only when needed: default imports. import Button from 'Button'; // Sometimes needed to import libraries for their side effects: import 'jasmine'; import '@polymer/paper-button'; Import paths TypeScript code must use paths to import other TypeScript code. Paths may be r
Published on December 14, 2020 · Updated on December 16, 2020 Bash scripts. Almost anyone needs to write one sooner or later. Almost no one says “yeah, I love writing them”. And that’s why almost everyone is putting low attention while writing them. I won’t try to make you a Bash expert (since I’m not a one either), but I will show you a minimal template that will make your scripts safer. You
防衛省サイバーコンテスト 2025 writeup - st98 の日記帳 - コピー
2/2に12時間というちょうどよい競技時間で開催された。21時終了だったけれども、11時45分ぐらいに最速で全完して1位🎉 第1回以来4年ぶりの優勝だ。昨年大会の第4回ではヒントの閲覧数で優勝を逃してしまって悔しい思いをしたので、雪辱を果たすことができ嬉しい。開始直後からずっと1位を独走できており、450名以上のプレイヤーがいる中で圧勝だったのも嬉しい。 昨年度や一昨年度はバルクが作問を担当していたが、今回はAGESTが担当していた。これまでの問題と比較すると全体的に易化したように思うが、解くにあたって発想の大きな飛躍を必要とするいわゆる「エスパー要素」のある問題はごく一部を除いて存在しておらず*1、よかったと思う。また、昨年度・一昨年度に引き続きwriteupは公開可能というのもよかった。 戦略というほどの戦略は立てていなかったけれども、とりあえずWebを見た後は全カテゴリを上から見て
GitHub - modelcontextprotocol/servers: Model Context Protocol Servers
Official integrations are maintained by companies building production ready MCP servers for their platforms. 21st.dev Magic - Create crafted UI components inspired by the best 21st.dev design engineers. ActionKit by Paragon - Connect to 130+ SaaS integrations (e.g. Slack, Salesforce, Gmail) with Paragon’s ActionKit API. Adfin - The only platform you need to get paid - all payments in one place, in
How modern browsers work
Note: For those eager to dive deep into how browsers work, an excellent resource is Browser Engineering by Pavel Panchekha and Chris Harrelson (available at browser.engineering). Please do check it out. This article is an overview of how browsers work. Web developers often treat the browser as a black box that magically transforms HTML, CSS, and JavaScript into interactive web applications. In tru
A few months ago, I set myself the challenge of writing a C compiler in 500 lines of Python1, after writing my SDF donut post. How hard could it be? The answer was, pretty hard, even when dropping quite a few features. But it was also pretty interesting, and the result is surprisingly functional and not too hard to understand! There's too much code for me to comprehensively cover in a single blog
Learn how to bring multithreaded applications written in other languages to WebAssembly. WebAssembly threads support is one of the most important performance additions to WebAssembly. It allows you to either run parts of your code in parallel on separate cores, or the same code over independent parts of the input data, scaling it to as many cores as the user has and significantly reducing the over
In our team at Rakuten, we have been using Elm1 in production for almost two years now. This post is about our story, the lessons we learned, and our likes and dislikes. This post is quite long so if you prefer to see an overview, feel free to jump to the index. Everything started in the Berlin branch of Rakuten during the summer of 2017. We were maintaining a medium-size single-page application w
With pen and paper, anyone can write a journal entry, draw a diagram, perform a calculation, or sketch a cartoon. Digital tablets like the iPad or reMarkable can adapt pen and paper into the world of digital media. In doing so, they trade away some of paper’s advantages like cheapness and tangibility. In exchange, we get new computational powers like nondestructive editing and ease of transmission
Turing Machines
ALAN M. TURING 23 June 1912 – 7 June 1954 F | | P(T) R P(u) R P(r) R P(i) R P(n) R P(g) R P( ) R P(M) R P(a) R P(c) R P(h) R P(i) R P(n) R P(e) R P(s) R -> B B | | L P( ) L P( ) L P( ) L P( ) L P( ) L P( ) L P( ) L P( ) L P( ) L P( ) L P( ) L P( ) L P( ) L P( ) L P( ) -> F 2024-12-20 Translations: English, Spanish In 1928, David Hilbert, one of the most influential mathematicians of his time, aske
Functional programming is finally going mainstream Object-oriented and imperative programming aren’t going away, but functional programming is finding its way into more codebases. Klint Finley // July 12, 2022 Paul Louth had a great development team at Meddbase, the healthcare software company he founded in 2005. But as the company grew, so did their bug count. That’s expected, up to a point. More
Programming is an iterative process - as much as we would like to come up with the perfect solution from the start, it rarely works that way. Good programs often start as quick prototypes. The bad ones stay prototypes, but the best ones evolve into production code. Whether you’re writing games, CLI tools, or designing library APIs, prototyping helps tremendously in finding the best approach before
Patterns for Reactivity with Modern Vanilla JavaScript – Frontend Masters Blog
“Reactivity” is how systems react to changes in data. There are many types of reactivity, but for this article, reactivity is when data changes, you do things. Reactivity Patterns are Core to Web Development We handle a lot with JavaScript in websites and web apps since the browser is an entirely asynchronous environment. We must respond to user inputs, communicate with servers, log, perform, etc.
Advancing Excel as a programming language with Andy Gordon and Simon Peyton Jones - Microsoft Research
Episode 120 | May 5, 2021 Today, people around the globe—from teachers to small-business owners to finance executives—use Microsoft Excel to make sense of the information that occupies their respective worlds, and whether they realize it or not, in doing so, they’re taking on the role of programmer. In this episode, Senior Principal Research Manager Andy Gordon, who leads the Calc Intelligence tea
Memory Allocation
One thing that all programs on your computer have in common is a need for memory. Programs need to be loaded from your hard drive into memory before they can be run. While running, the majority of what programs do is load values from memory, do some computation on them, and then store the result back in memory. In this post I'm going to introduce you to the basics of memory allocation. Allocators
In this post I’ll walk through the full implementation of a Virtual DOM in a bit over 200 lines of JavaScript. The result is a full-featured and sufficiently performant virtual DOM library (demos). It’s available on NPM as the smvc package. The main goal is to illustrate the fundamental technique behind tools like React. React, Vue and the Elm language all simplify the creation of interactive web
On April 1, 2018, Cloudflare announced the 1.1.1.1 public DNS resolver. Over the years, we added the debug page for troubleshooting, global cache purge, 0 TTL for zones on Cloudflare, Upstream TLS, and 1.1.1.1 for families to the platform. In this post, we would like to share some behind the scenes details and changes. When the project started, Knot Resolver was chosen as the DNS resolver. We star
Bringing Javascript to WebAssembly for Shopify Functions - Shopify
Bringing Javascript to WebAssembly for Shopify FunctionsWhile we’re working on getting our Shopify Functions infrastructure ready for the public beta, we thought we’d use this opportunity to shine some light on how we brought JavaScript to WebAssembly, how we made everything fit within our very tight Shopify Function constraints, and what our plans for the future look like. At Winter Editions 2023
Update 1.69.1: The update addresses these issues. Update 1.69.2: The update addresses these issues. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welcome to the June 2022 release of Visual Studio Code. There are many updates in this version that we hope you'll like, some of the key highlights include: 3-way merge editor - Resolve merge conflicts wit
The FullScreenMario project burned brightly for a few short weeks in October 2013 after Boing Boing lauded it as “a pretty impressive example of what HTML5, in-browser functionality can do.” A few days later, it went viral on Reddit and by November, attention turned to scrutiny, and Nintendo took the project down with a DMCA request. Josh Goldberg speaks of his former project with a bit of pride—i
Piccolo - A Stackless Lua Interpreter 2024-05-01 History of piccolo A "Stackless" Interpreter Design Benefits of Stackless Cancellation Pre-emptive Concurrency Fuel, Pacing, and Custom Scheduling "Symmetric" Coroutines and coroutine.yieldto The "Big Lie" Rust Coroutines, Lua Coroutines, and Snarfing Zooming Out piccolo is an interpreter for the Lua language written in pure, mostly safe Rust with a
Optimizing Node.js Performance: V8 Memory Management & GC Tuning Prevent Crashes and Improve Latency by Understanding and Tuning V8's Garbage Collection for Your Node.js Application A common observation for Node.js developers is the seemingly continuous growth of their application's memory footprint, often measured by the Resident Set Size (RSS) reported by the operating system. This increasing RS
All JavaScript and TypeScript Features of the last 3 years
TypeScript as envisioned by Stable DiffusionThis article goes through almost all of the changes of the last 3 years (and some from earlier) in JavaScript / ECMAScript and TypeScript . Not all of the following features will be relevant to you or even practical, but they should instead serve to show what’s possible and to deepen your understanding of these languages. There are a lot of TypeScript fe
The JavaScript Promise Integration (JSPI) API allows WebAssembly applications that were written assuming synchronous access to external functionality to operate smoothly in an environment where the functionality is actually asynchronous. This note outlines what the core capabilities of the JSPI API are, how to access it, how to develop software for it and offers some examples to try out. What is ‘
Weird Lexical Syntax
I just learned 42 programming languages this month to build a new syntax highlighter for llamafile. I feel like I'm up to my eyeballs in programming languages right now. Now that it's halloween, I thought I'd share some of the spookiest most surprising syntax I've seen. The languages I decided to support are Ada, Assembly, BASIC, C, C#, C++, COBOL, CSS, D, FORTH, FORTRAN, Go, Haskell, HTML, Java,
We’re excited to announce the release of Biome 2.3, bringing several features that have been highly requested by the community. This release marks a significant milestone in our journey to support the broader web ecosystem. Once you have upgraded to Biome v2.3.0, migrate your Biome configuration to the new version by running the migrate command: 1biome migrate --write Full support for Vue, Svelte,
Toggle dark mode What follows is a brain dump of everything I know about compiling Rust to WebAssembly. Enjoy. Some time ago, I wrote a blog post on how to compile C to WebAssembly without Emscripten, i.e. without the default tool that makes that process easy. In Rust, the tool that makes WebAssembly easy is called wasm-bindgen, and we are going to ditch it! At the same time, Rust is a bit differe
Golang Mini Reference 2022: A Quick Guide to the Modern Go Programming Language (REVIEW COPY)
Golang Mini Reference 2022 A Quick Guide to the Modern Go Programming Language (REVIEW COPY) Harry Yoon Version 0.9.0, 2022-08-24 REVIEW COPY This is review copy, not to be shared or distributed to others. Please forward any feedback or comments to the author. • feedback@codingbookspress.com The book is tentatively scheduled to be published on September 14th, 2022. We hope that when the release da
1 Introduction Compilers, assemblers and similar tools generate all the binary code that processors execute. It is no surprise then that these tools play a major role in security analysis and hardening of relevant binary code. Often the only practical way to protect all binaries with a particular security hardening method is to have the compiler do it. And, with software security becoming more and
What Makes Rust Unique? Why is UI in Rust So Hard? Functional UI to the Rescue If you’ve read Hacker News recently, it’s hard to not think that Rust is the future: it’s being used in the Linux kernel and in the Android OS, by AWS for critical infrastructure, and in ChromeOS and Firefox. However, as wonderful as Rust is–it has yet to take off as a general language for building UI. In 2019, “GUI” wa
AST vs. Bytecode: Interpreters in the Age of Meta-Compilation
233 AST vs. Bytecode: Interpreters in the Age of Meta-Compilation OCTAVE LAROSE, University of Kent, UK SOPHIE KALEBA, University of Kent, UK HUMPHREY BURCHELL, University of Kent, UK STEFAN MARR, University of Kent, UK Thanks to partial evaluation and meta-tracing, it became practical to build language implementations that reach state-of-the-art peak performance by implementing only an interprete
Introduction to Go 1.21 The latest Go release, version 1.21, arrives six months after Go 1.20. Most of its changes are in the implementation of the toolchain, runtime, and libraries. As always, the release maintains the Go 1 promise of compatibility; in fact, Go 1.21 improves upon that promise. We expect almost all Go programs to continue to compile and run as before. Go 1.21 introduces a small ch
Parsing SQL - Strumenta
The code for this tutorial is on GitHub: parsing-sql SQL is a language to handle data in a relational database. If you worked with data you have probably worked with SQL. In this article we will talk about parsing SQL. It is in the same league of HTML: maybe you never learned it formally but you kind of know how to use it. That is great because if you know SQL, you know how to handle data. However
Show navigation A recent article on WebAssembly Garbage Collection (WasmGC) explains at a high level how the Garbage Collection (GC) proposal aims to better support GC languages in Wasm, which is very important given their popularity. In this article, we will get into the technical details of how GC languages such as Java, Kotlin, Dart, Python, and C# can be ported to Wasm. There are in fact two m
Over the past few years, Etsy’s Web Platform team has spent a lot of time bringing our frontend code up to date. It was only a year and a half ago that we modernized our Javascript build system in order to enable advanced features, things like arrow functions and classes, that have been added to the language since 2015. And while this upgrade meant that we had futureproofed our codebase and could
Update 1.80.1: The update addresses these issues. Update 1.80.2: The update addresses this security issue. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welcome to the June 2023 release of Visual Studio Code. There are many updates in this version that we hope you'll like, some of the key highlights include: Accessibility improvements - Accessible V
WebGPU is an upcoming Web API that gives you low-level, general-purpose access GPUs. I am not very experienced with graphics. I picked up bits and bobs of WebGL by reading through tutorials on how to build game engines with OpenGL and learned more about shaders by watching Inigo Quilez do amazing things on ShaderToy by just using shaders, without any 3D meshes or models. This got me far enough to
Join a VS Code Dev Days event near you to learn about AI-assisted development in VS Code. Update 1.70.1: The update addresses these issues. Update 1.70.2: The update addresses these issues. Update 1.70.3: This update is only available for Windows 7 users and is the last release supporting Windows 7. Downloads: Windows: x64 Arm64 | Mac: Universal Intel silicon | Linux: deb rpm tarball Arm snap Welc
Fast and Portable Llama2 Inference on the Heterogeneous Edge
Fast and Portable Llama2 Inference on the Heterogeneous EdgeNov 09, 2023 • 12 minutes to read The Rust+Wasm stack provides a strong alternative to Python in AI inference. Compared with Python, Rust+Wasm apps could be 1/100 of the size, 100x the speed, and most importantly securely run everywhere at full hardware acceleration without any change to the binary code. Rust is the language of AGI. We cr
Introduction HTML, the programming language, is a practical, turing-complete[1], stack-based programming language based on HTML, the markup language. It uses elements defined in HTML, the markup language, in order to do computations. To give you a sense of what HTML, the programming langauge, looks like, below is a sample program that prints the values from 1 to 10 to standard out (console.log) A
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Google TypeScript Style Guide
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Writing a C compiler in 500 lines of Python
Using WebAssembly threads from C, C++ and Rust
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