The History of the URL | The Cloudflare Blog
On the 11th of January 1982 twenty-two computer scientists met to discuss an issue with ‘computer mail’ (now known as email). Attendees included the guy who would create Sun Microsystems, the guy who made Zork, the NTP guy, and the guy who convinced the government to pay for Unix. The problem was simple: there were 455 hosts on the ARPANET and the situation was getting out of control. This issue w
The state of HTTP in 2022
This post is also available in 简体中文, 繁體中文, 日本語, 한국어, Deutsch, Français, Español and Português. At over thirty years old, HTTP is still the foundation of the web and one of the Internet’s most popular protocols—not just for browsing, watching videos and listening to music, but also for apps, machine-to-machine communication, and even as a basis for building other protocols, forming what some refer
Cloudflare outage on June 21, 2022
This post is also available in Deutsch, Français, 简体中文, 繁體中文, 日本語, 한국어, Español and ไทย. IntroductionToday, June 21, 2022, Cloudflare suffered an outage that affected traffic in 19 of our data centers. Unfortunately, these 19 locations handle a significant proportion of our global traffic. This outage was caused by a change that was part of a long-running project to increase resilience in our busi
Cloudflare待機室
本日、Cloudflare待機室をご紹介できることをうれしく思っております！まず、プロジェクトFair Shotという新プログラムで選ばれたお客様に最初にご利用いただけます。このプログラムは、新型コロナワクチン接種の圧倒的な需要によって、予約登録Webサイトが機能しなくなっている問題の解決を目的としています。BusinessプランとEnterpriseプランのお客様への一般提供については、近い将来行う予定です。 でも、待機室が楽しみってどういうことでしょうか？大半の方が、待機室がどういうところかをご存知のはずです。そこにいるということにうれしい要素は、ほぼありません。私たちがよく知っている待機室は、医師の診察を受ける前にいる部屋です。そうです、予約していても、医師に待たされたり、患者が遅れたりすることがありますね。医師は一度に1人の患者しか診ることができないため、患者が順番待ちをするという
How we made our DNS stack 3x faster
Cloudflare is now well into its 6th year and providing authoritative DNS has been a core part of infrastructure from the start. We’ve since grown to be the largest and one of the fastest managed DNS services on the Internet, hosting DNS for nearly 100,000 of the Alexa top 1M sites and over 6 million other web properties – or DNS zones. CC-BY 2.0 image by Steve Jurvetson Today Cloudflare’s DNS serv
The curious case of slow downloads
Some time ago we discovered that certain very slow downloads were getting abruptly terminated and began investigating whether that was a client (i.e. web browser) or server (i.e. us) problem. Some users were unable to download a binary file a few megabytes in length. The story was simple—the download connection was abruptly terminated even though the file was in the process of being downloaded. Af
The story of one latency spike
A customer reported an unusual problem with our CloudFlare CDN: our servers were responding to some HTTP requests slowly. Extremely slowly. 30 seconds slowly. This happened very rarely and wasn't easily reproducible. To make things worse all our usual monitoring hadn't caught the problem. At the application layer everything was fine: our NGINX servers were not reporting any long running requests.
Go has a debugger—and it's awesome!
Something that often, uh... bugs[1] Go developers is the lack of a proper debugger. Sure, builds are ridiculously fast and easy, and println(hex.Dump(b)) is your friend, but sometimes it would be nice to just set a breakpoint and step through that endless if chain or print a bunch of values without recompiling ten times. CC BY 2.0 image by Carl Milner You could try to use some dirty gdb hacks that
How to receive a million packets per second
Last week during a casual conversation I overheard a colleague saying: "The Linux network stack is slow! You can't expect it to do more than 50 thousand packets per second per core!" That got me thinking. While I agree that 50kpps per core is probably the limit for any practical application, what is the Linux networking stack capable of? Let's rephrase that to make it more fun: On Linux, how hard
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