Capital is Back: Wealth-Income Ratios in Rich Countries 1700-2010 Thomas Piketty Paris School of Economics Gabriel Zucman Paris School of Economics July 26, 2013⇤ Abstract How do aggregate wealth-to-income ratios evolve in the long run and why? We address this question using 1970-2010 national balance sheets recently compiled in the top eight developed economies. For the U.S., U.K., Germany, and F