「“統計的に有意差なし”もうやめませんか」 Natureに科学者800人超が署名して投稿
「統計的に有意差がないため、2つのデータには差がない」──こんな結論の導き方は統計の誤用だとする声明が、科学者800人超の署名入りで英科学論文誌「Nature」に3月20日付で掲載された。調査した論文の約半数が「統計的有意性」を誤用しており、科学にとって深刻な損害をもたらしていると警鐘を鳴らす。 「統計的に有意差がない＝違いがない」は間違い 例えば、ある薬の効能を調べたいとする。統計学では一般的に「仮説検定」を行って薬を与えたグループとそうでないグループを比較し、薬効の指標となる何らかのパラメータに統計的有意差があるかどうかを見る。仮説検定は、2つの事象の差異が偶然生じたものかどうかを統計的に結論付けるものだ。 もし、統計的有意差がある（薬を与えた群のパラメータの方が有意に大きい）なら「薬には効能がある」という結論を導けるが、有意差がなかった場合はどうだろうか。 「統計的有意差がある＝薬効
Research integrity: Cell-induced stress - Nature
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Review of Obokata STAP cells Nature papers - The Niche
In two Nature papers (here and here) published today researchers report the astounding finding of reprogramming differentiated cells back to a pluripotent or even totipotent state simply by exposing the cells to extreme environmental stress, creating cells they called STAP cells. Update: see more thoughts on STAP stem cells here. STAP cells: stressing the cell out No genes. No proteins. No nuclear
Cancer: 'Book of knowledge' published
The first volume of a "book of cancer knowledge" has been published, which scientists say will speed up the search for new cancer drugs. The "encyclopaedia" details how hundreds of different cancer cells respond to anti-cancer agents. UK, US and European researchers say the data, published inNature, external, is a step towards tailoring cancer medicine to a patient's genetic profile. A cancer char
Epigenetics: Marked for success
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The split brain: A tale of two halves - Nature
Since the 1960s, researchers have been scrutinizing a handful of patients who underwent a radical kind of brain surgery. The cohort has been a boon to neuroscience — but soon it will be gone. In the first months after her surgery, shopping for groceries was infuriating. Standing in the supermarket aisle, Vicki would look at an item on the shelf and know that she wanted to place it in her trolley —
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Cancer: Solving an age-old problem - Nature
