Leon Festingerは、1954年12月21日に世界が滅ぶと信じたカルトを観察し、予言の破綻によって、カルトが信念をむしろ強化することを見出した。How would people so emotionally invested in a belief system react, now that it had been soundly refuted? At first, the group struggled for an explanation. But then rationalization set in. A new message arrived, announcing that they'd all been spared at the last minute. Festinger summarized the extraterrestrials' new prono
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