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As more and more mission-critical applications move on the Internet, providing highly available services becomes increasingly important. One of the advantages of a clustered system is that it has hardware and software redundancy, because the cluster system consists of a number of independent nodes, and each node runs a copy of operating system and application software. High availability can be ach
In the IPVS version 0.9.10 or later, an entry is created for each new connection in order to keep its state (such as the server that new connection is redirected to), and the size of each entry is 124 bytes thus 128 bytes effective memory is needed for each entry. The Denial-of-Service attck to the LVS host is to aggressively increase the number of entries until the host run out of memory. Three d
LVS Performance, Initial Tests with a single Realserver LVS (C) LVS Project and Joseph Mack 2000 v1.0, Jun 00 Summary For a single realserver VS-DR LVS the performance of a VS-DR LVS is the same as by forwarding through the director load on the director is almost undetectable with LVS (or by forwarding), under conditions when the client and server(s) are operating at high load average. performance
What is the Linux Virtual Server? The Linux Virtual Server is a highly scalable and highly available server built on a cluster of real servers, with the load balancer running on the Linux operating system. The architecture of the server cluster is fully transparent to end users, and the users interact as if it were a single high-performance virtual server. For more information, click here. Applica
What is virtual server? Virtual server is a highly scalable and highly available server built on a cluster of real servers. The architecture of server cluster is fully transparent to end users, and the users interact with the cluster system as if it were only a single high-performance virtual server. Please consider the following figure. The real servers and the load balancers may be interconnecte
Job Scheduling Algorithms in Linux Virtual Server This page describes the job scheduling algorithms implemented in Linux Virtual Server. Round-Robin Scheduling Weighted Round-Robin Scheduling Least-Connection Scheduling Weighted Least-Connection Scheduling Locality-Based Least-Connection Scheduling Locality-Based Least-Connection with Replication Scheduling Destination Hashing Scheduling Source Ha
The sysctl variables in IPVS All the sysctl variables in IPVS are under the directory /proc/sys/net/ipv4/vs/. The following description is for the sysctl variables in IPVS 1.0.x for the Linux kernel 2.4.xx. The /proc/sys/net/ipv4/vs/* Variables: debug_level - INTEGER It is only available when IPVS is compiled with the IPVS debugging option. The default value is 0. The higher value is set to debug_
In the VS/TUN and VS/DR clusters, the Virtual IP (VIP) addresses are shared by both the load balancer and real servers, because they all configure the VIP address on one of their interfaces. In some configurations that real servers are on the same network that the load balancer accepts request packets, if real servers answers arp request for the VIP, there will be race condition, no winner. Packet
The UltraMonkey Solution Ultra Monkey is a project to create load balanced and highly available services on a local area network using Open Source components on the Linux operating system, including heartbeat and ldirectord from the Linux-HA project. Configuation example Now we're going to using UltraMonkey to contruct a highly-available VS/NAT web cluster with two load balancers and three web ser
IPVS (IP Virtual Server) implements transport-layer load balancing inside the Linux kernel, so called Layer-4 switching. IPVS running on a host acts as a load balancer at the front of a cluster of real servers, it can direct requests for TCP/UDP based services to the real servers, and makes services of the real servers to appear as a virtual service on a single IP address. The IP Virtual Server Ne
This is a collection of LVS documents, some of them are in progress, some are in Chinese. 1. Overview documents The article "Linux Virtual Server Clusters: Build highly-scalable and highly-available network services at low cost" written by Wensong Zhang and Wenzhuo Zhang appeared in the November 2003 issue of Linux Magazine. The presentation of "Linux Virtual Server: Linux Server Clusters for Scal
This page contains information about working principle of the Direct Routing request dispatching technique and how to use it to contruct server clusters. Direct Routing request dispatching technique This request dispatching approach is similar to the one implemented in IBM's NetDispatcher. The virtual IP address is shared by real servers and the load balancer. The load balancer has an interface co
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