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Reference   Language | Libraries | Comparison | Changes Keyboard Modifiers The Keyboard.write() and Keyboard.press() and Keyboard.release() commands don’t work with every possible ASCII character, only those that correspond to a key on the keyboard. For example, backspace works, but many of the other non-printable characters produce unpredictable results. For capital letters (and other keys), what

The board is powered by Atmel’s SAMD21 MCU, which features a 32-bit ARM Cortex® M0+ core. One of its most important features is Atmel’s Embedded Debugger (EDBG), which provides a full debug interface without the need for additional hardware, significantly increasing the ease-of-use for software debugging. EDBG also supports a virtual COM port that can be used for device and bootloader programming.

Discover how digital pins work and how they can be configured. The pins on the Arduino can be configured as either inputs or outputs. This document explains the functioning of the pins in those modes. While the title of this document refers to digital pins, it is important to note that vast majority of Arduino (Atmega) analog pins, may be configured, and used, in exactly the same manner as digital

(ADC5)PC5 28 (ADC4)PC4 27 (ADC3)PC3 26 (ADC2)PC2 25 (ADC1)PC1 24 (ADC0)PC0) 23 (SCK)PB5 19 (MISO)PB4 18 (MOSI)PB3 17 (SS)PB2 16 (OC1)PB1 15 (ICP)PB0 14 (AIN1)PD7 13 (AIN0)PD6 12 (T1)PD5 11 (T0)PD4 6 (INT1)PD3 5 (INT0)PD2 4 (TXD)PD1 3 (RXD)PD0 2 GND 8 VCC 7 AVCC 20 AREF 21 XTAL1 9 XTAL2 10 RESET 1 AGND 22 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 1 2 2 3 3 1 2 3 4 P$1 P$1 P$2 P

Arduino Web EditorStart coding online and save your sketches in the cloud. The most up-to-date version of the IDE includes all libraries and also supports new Arduino boards. Arduino IDE 2.2.1The new major release of the Arduino IDE is faster and even more powerful! In addition to a more modern editor and a more responsive interface it features autocompletion, code navigation, and even a live debu

Arduino Community LogoHow to use itArduino Logo and Arduino Community LogoA Trademark is a symbol, word, or words legally registered or established by use as representing a company or product. It is intended to identify a specific source of goods or services, protecting that source from confusion in the minds of consumers with other sources. The Arduino Logo is a Trademark and can only be used by

Home / Hardware / Retired Products & Legacy Documentation / Arduino Yún Arduino YúnArduino YÚN is the perfect board to use when designing connected devices and, more in general, Internet of Things projects. It combines the power of Linux with the ease of use of Arduino. Note: This page refers to a product that is retired. The Arduino Yún board The Arduino Yún is a microcontroller board based on th

Note: This page refers to a product that is retired. Arduino TRE (discontinued) Arduino TRE, the first Arduino board manufactured in the U.S. Thanks to the 1-GHz Sitara AM335x processor, Arduino developers get up to 100 times more performance with the Sitara-processor-based TRE than they do on the Arduino Leonardo or Uno. This performance opens the doors to more advanced Linux-powered applications

Learn how to install additional libraries in the Arduino IDE 1. Once you are comfortable with the Arduino software and using the built-in functions, you may want to extend the ability of your Arduino with additional libraries. What are Libraries?Libraries are a collection of code that makes it easy for you to connect to a sensor, display, module, etc. For example, the LiquidCrystal library makes i

Home / Hardware / Legacy Documentation / Arduino Robot Arduino RobotThe first Arduino on wheels, the easiest way to get started with robotics. Note: This page refers to a product that is retired. The Arduino Robot The Arduino Robot is the first official Arduino on wheels. The robot has two processors, one on each of its two boards. The Motor Board controls the motors, and the Control Board reads s

Arduino has over the years released over 100 hardware products: boards, shields, carriers, kits and other accessories. In this page, you will find an overview of all active Arduino hardware, including the Nano, MKR and Classic families. KitsKits are a great way to get started with Arduino. The classic Starter Kit includes an Arduino UNO, a large set of electronic components, and a physical book wi

Arduino EsploraThe Arduino Esplora is an Arduino Leonardo based board with integrated sensors and actuators The Arduino Esplora board The Arduino Esplora is a microcontroller board derived from the Arduino Leonardo. The Esplora differs from all preceding Arduino boards in that it provides a number of built-in, ready-to-use set of onboard sensors for interaction. It's designed for people who want t

Keep constant data in flash (program) memory only, instead of copying it to SRAM when the program starts. There’s a description of the various types of memory available on an Arduino board. The PROGMEM keyword is a variable modifier, it should be used only with the datatypes defined in pgmspace.h. It tells the compiler "keep this information in flash memory only", instead of copying it to SRAM at

This tutorial shows you how to build an Arduino compatible breadboard with an Atmel Atmega8/168/328 AVR microcontroller and FTDI FT232 breakout board from SparkFun. OverviewThis tutorial shows you how to build an Arduino compatible breadboard with an Atmel Atmega8/168/328 AVR microcontroller and FTDI FT232 breakout board from SparkFun. You could also use the Arduino USB Mini. Originally created by

The Arduino Mega 2560 is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560. It has 54 digital input/output pins (of which 15 can be used as PWM outputs), 16 analog inputs, 4 UARTs (hardware serial ports), a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.

Home / Tutorials / Secrets of Arduino PWM Secrets of Arduino PWMLearn about Pulse Width Modulation techniques IntroductionPulse-width modulation (PWM) can be implemented on the Arduino in several ways. This tutorial explains simple PWM techniques, as well as how to use the PWM registers directly for more control over the duty cycle and frequency. This tutorial focuses on the Arduino Diecimila and

The Arduino Mega ADK has the same features as the Arduino Mega board but it is specially designed to work with Android Note: This page refers to a product that is retired. The Arduino Mega ADK Rev3 board The Arduino MEGA ADK is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560. It has a USB host interface to connect with Android based phones, based on the MAX3421e IC. It has 54 digital input/output

Arduino UNO is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter

The Arduino Reference text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 License. Find anything that can be improved? Suggest corrections and new documentation via GitHub. Doubts on how to use Github? Learn everything you need to know in this tutorial.

Home / Programming / Built-in Examples / From Arduino to a Microcontroller on a Breadboard From Arduino to a Microcontroller on a BreadboardMigrating an Arduino board to a standalone microcontroller on a breadboard. This tutorial explains how to migrate from an Arduino board to a standalone microcontroller on a breadboard. It's similar to this tutorial, but uses an Arduino board to program the ATm

Getting Started with the Arduino FioThe first steps to setting up your Arduino Fio Getting Started with the Arduino FioThe ATmega328P on the Arduino Fio comes preburned with a bootloader that allows you to upload new code to it without the use of an external hardware programmer. It communicates using the original STK500 protocol (reference, C header files). There are two ways you can upload new sk

The Arduino Reference text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 License. Find anything that can be improved? Suggest corrections and new documentation via GitHub. Doubts on how to use Github? Learn everything you need to know in this tutorial. The Arduino environment can be extended through the use of libraries, just like most programming platforms. Libraries provide ex

Learn how to control a variety of stepper motors using unipolar / bipolar circuits with Arduino. Stepper motors, due to their unique design, can be controlled to a high degree of accuracy without any feedback mechanisms. The shaft of a stepper, mounted with a series of magnets, is controlled by a series of electromagnetic coils that are charged positively and negatively in a specific sequence, pre

Home / Hardware / Legacy Documentation / Getting Started with the Arduino Fio Getting Started with the Arduino FioThe first steps to setting up your Arduino Fio Getting Started with the Arduino FioThe ATmega328P on the Arduino Fio comes preburned with a bootloader that allows you to upload new code to it without the use of an external hardware programmer. It communicates using the original STK500

The SPI interface - and therefore these pins - is the interface used to program the AVR microcontrollers. Note that MISO, MOSI, and SCK are available in a consistent physical location on the ICSP header; this connector is used also by shields that rely on the SPI interface allowing the design of shields that work on every board. On the Arduino UNO in the following image, we have highlighted in red