はてなブックマーク

The More You Know, The More You Know You Don’t Know A Year in Review of 0-days Used In-the-Wild in 2021 Posted by Maddie Stone, Google Project Zero This is our third annual year in review of 0-days exploited in-the-wild [2020, 2019]. Each year we’ve looked back at all of the detected and disclosed in-the-wild 0-days as a group and synthesized what we think the trends and takeaways are. The goal of

Posted by Ryan Schoen, Project Zero tl;drIn 2021, vendors took an average of 52 days to fix security vulnerabilities reported from Project Zero. This is a significant acceleration from an average of about 80 days 3 years ago.In addition to the average now being well below the 90-day deadline, we have also seen a dropoff in vendors missing the deadline (or the additional 14-day grace period). In 20

A deep dive into an NSO zero-click iMessage exploit: Remote Code Execution Posted by Ian Beer & Samuel Groß of Google Project Zero We want to thank Citizen Lab for sharing a sample of the FORCEDENTRY exploit with us, and Apple’s Security Engineering and Architecture (SEAR) group for collaborating with us on the technical analysis. The editorial opinions reflected below are solely Project Zero’s an

Posted By Samuel Groß, Project Zero On December 20, Citizenlab published “The Great iPwn”, detailing how “Journalists [were] Hacked with Suspected NSO Group iMessage ‘Zero-Click’ Exploit”. Of particular interest is the following note: “We do not believe that [the exploit] works against iOS 14 and above, which includes new security protections''. Given that it is also now almost exactly one year ag

Posted by Natalie Silvanovich, Project Zero On January 29, 2019, a serious vulnerability was discovered in Group FaceTime which allowed an attacker to call a target and force the call to connect without user interaction from the target, allowing the attacker to listen to the target’s surroundings without their knowledge or consent. The bug was remarkable in both its impact and mechanism. The abili

Posted by Ian Beer, Project Zero NOTE: This specific issue was fixed before the launch of Privacy-Preserving Contact Tracing in iOS 13.5 in May 2020. In this demo I remotely trigger an unauthenticated kernel memory corruption vulnerability which causes all iOS devices in radio-proximity to reboot, with no user interaction. Over the next 30'000 words I'll cover the entire process to go from this ba

Posted by Felix Wilhelm, Project Zero IntroductionIn this blog post I'll discuss two vulnerabilities in HashiCorp Vault and its integration with Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Google Cloud Platform (GCP). These issues can lead to an authentication bypass in configurations that use the aws and gcp auth methods, and demonstrate the type of issues you can find in modern “cloud-native” software. Both v

You Won't Believe what this One Line Change Did to the Chrome Sandbox The Chromium sandbox on Windows has stood the test of time. It’s considered one of the better sandboxing mechanisms deployed at scale without requiring elevated privileges to function. For all the good, it does have its weaknesses. The main one being the sandbox’s implementation is reliant on the security of the Windows OS. Chan

tl;dr: Vulnerabilities that leak cross process memory can be exploited to escape the Chrome sandbox. An attacker is still required to compromise the renderer prior to mounting this attack. To protect against attacks on affected CPUs make sure your microcode is up to date and disable hyper-threading (HT). In my last guest blog post “Trashing the Flow of Data” I described how to exploit a bug in Chr

On October 3, 2019, we disclosed issue 1942 (CVE-2019-2215), which is a use-after-free in Binder in the Android kernel. The bug is a local privilege escalation vulnerability that allows for a full compromise of a vulnerable device. If chained with a browser renderer exploit, this bug could fully compromise a device through a malicious website. We reported this bug under a 7-day disclosure deadline

In my role here at Project Zero, I do not use some of the tooling used by some external iOS security researchers, in particular development-fused iPhones with hardware debugging capabilities like JTAG enabled. I believe that access to such devices puts those who can obtain them at a significant advantage over researchers who can not or do not wish to use them. Thus, early this year I decided I wou

Project Zero’s mission is to make 0-day hard. We often work with other companies to find and report security vulnerabilities, with the ultimate goal of advocating for structural security improvements in popular systems to help protect people everywhere. Earlier this year Google's Threat Analysis Group (TAG) discovered a small collection of hacked websites. The hacked sites were being used in indis

Posted by Tavis Ormandy, Security Research Over-Engineer. “Sometimes, hacking is just someone spending more time on something than anyone else might reasonably expect.”[1] I often find it valuable to write simple test cases confirming things work the way I think they do. Sometimes I can’t explain the results, and getting to the bottom of those discrepancies can reveal new research opportunities. T

Windows Exploitation Tricks: Exploiting Arbitrary Object Directory Creation for Local Elevation of Privilege And we’re back again for another blog in my series on Windows Exploitation tricks. This time I’ll detail how I was able to exploit Issue 1550 which results in an arbitrary object directory being created by using a useful behavior of the CSRSS privileged process. Once again by detailing how

Posted by Natalie Silvanovich, Project Zero At Project Zero, we spend a lot of time reporting security bugs to vendors. Most of the time, this is a fairly straightforward process, but we occasionally encounter challenges getting information about vulnerabilities into the hands of vendors. Since it is important to user security that software vendors fix reported vulnerabilities in a timely matter,

Windows Exploitation Tricks: Exploiting Arbitrary File Writes for Local Elevation of Privilege Previously I presented a technique to exploit arbitrary directory creation vulnerabilities on Windows to give you read access to any file on the system. In the upcoming Spring Creators Update (RS4) the abuse of mount points to link to files as I exploited in the previous blog post has been remediated. Th

We have discovered that CPU data cache timing can be abused to efficiently leak information out of mis-speculated execution, leading to (at worst) arbitrary virtual memory read vulnerabilities across local security boundaries in various contexts. Variants of this issue are known to affect many modern processors, including certain processors by Intel, AMD and ARM. For a few Intel and AMD CPU models

aPAColypse now: Exploiting Windows 10 in a Local Network with WPAD/PAC and JScript Many widely-deployed technologies, viewed through 20/20 hindsight, seem like an odd or unnecessarily risky idea. Engineering decisions in IT are often made with imperfect information and under time pressure, and some oddities of the IT stack can best be explained with “it seemed like a good idea at the time”. In the

Processes on Windows are securable objects, which prevents one user logged into a Windows machine from compromising another user’s processes. This is a pretty important security feature, at least from the perspective of a non-administrator user. The security prevents a non-administrator user from compromising the integrity of an arbitrary process. This security barrier breaks down when trying to p

Mobile devices are becoming an increasingly privacy-sensitive platform. Nowadays, devices process a wide range of personal and private information of a sensitive nature, such as biometric identifiers, payment data and cryptographic keys. Additionally, modern content protection schemes demand a high degree of confidentiality, requiring stricter guarantees than those offered by the “regular” operati

Introduction Lately I’ve been spending some time fuzzing network-related Linux kernel interfaces with syzkaller. Besides the recently discovered vulnerability in DCCP sockets, I also found another one, this time in packet sockets. This post describes how the bug was discovered and how we can exploit it to escalate privileges. The bug itself (CVE-2017-7308) is a signedness issue, which leads to an

In this blog post we'll continue our journey into gaining remote kernel code execution, by means of Wi-Fi communication alone. Having previously developed a remote code execution exploit giving us control over Broadcom’s Wi-Fi SoC, we are now left with the task of exploiting this vantage point in order to further elevate our privileges into the kernel. In this post, we’ll explore two distinct aven