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[edit] Early C 1969: B created, based on BCPL, to replace PDP-7 assembler as the system programming language for Unix added operators ++, --, compound assignment, remained a typeless language like BCPL 1971: NB ("new B") created when porting B to PDP-11 types (int, char, arrays and pointers), array-to-pointer conversion, compilation to machine code 1972: Language renamed to C struct, operators &&
Planned Maintenance The site will be in a temporary read-only mode in the next few weeks to facilitate some long-overdue software updates. We apologize for any inconvenience this may cause!
This page is maintained as best-effort and may lag behind most recent compiler releases. If you see something is out-of-date, please help us by updating it! The following tables present compiler support for new C++ features. These include accepted revisions to the standard, as well as various technical specifications:
[edit] Rule of three If a class requires a user-defined destructor, a user-defined copy constructor, or a user-defined copy assignment operator, it almost certainly requires all three. Because C++ copies and copy-assigns objects of user-defined types in various situations (passing/returning by value, manipulating a container, etc), these special member functions will be called, if accessible, and
The objective of this page is to build a comprehensive list of open-source C++ libraries, so that when one needs an implementation of particular functionality, one needn’t to waste time searching on web (DuckDuckGo, Google, Bing, etc.) If you know a library that might be useful to others, please add a link to it here. There are no restrictions on what can be included except that the source of the
enum memory_order { memory_order_relaxed, memory_order_consume, memory_order_acquire, memory_order_release, memory_order_acq_rel, memory_order_seq_cst }; enum class memory_order : /* unspecified */ { relaxed, consume, acquire, release, acq_rel, seq_cst }; inline constexpr memory_order memory_order_relaxed = memory_order::relaxed; inline constexpr memory_order memory_order_consume = memory_order::c
namespace pmr { template< class CharT, class Traits = std::char_traits<CharT> > using basic_string = std::basic_string<CharT, Traits, std::pmr::polymorphic_allocator<CharT>>; } The class template basic_string stores and manipulates sequences of character-like objects, which are non-array objects of TrivialType and StandardLayoutType. The class is dependent neither on the character type nor on the
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This is a list of reserved keywords in C++. Since they are used by the language, these keywords are not available for re-definition or overloading. As an exception, they are not considered reserved in attributes (excluding attribute argument lists).(since C++11) alignas (C++11) alignof (C++11) and and_eq asm atomic_cancel (TM TS) atomic_commit (TM TS) atomic_noexcept (TM TS) auto (1) (3) (4) (5) b
1) Initializes the accumulator acc (of type T) with the initial value init and then modifies it with acc = acc + *i(until C++20)acc = std::move(acc) + *i(since C++20) for every iterator i in the range [first, last) in order. 2) Initializes the accumulator acc (of type T) with the initial value init and then modifies it with acc = op(acc, *i)(until C++20)acc = op(std::move(acc), *i)(since C++20) fo
The class template std::future provides a mechanism to access the result of asynchronous operations: An asynchronous operation (created via std::async, std::packaged_task, or std::promise) can provide a std::future object to the creator of that asynchronous operation. The creator of the asynchronous operation can then use a variety of methods to query, wait for, or extract a value from the std::fu
↑ The operand of sizeof cannot be a C-style type cast: the expression sizeof (int) * p is unambiguously interpreted as (sizeof(int)) * p, but not sizeof((int)*p). ↑ The expression in the middle of the conditional operator (between ? and :) is parsed as if parenthesized: its precedence relative to ?: is ignored. When parsing an expression, an operator which is listed on some row of the table above
Preprocessor − Comments ASCII chart Basic concepts Keywords Names (lookup) Types (fundamental types) The main function Modules (C++20) Contracts (C++26) Expressions Value categories Evaluation order Operators (precedence) Conversions − Literals Constant expressions Statements if − switch for − range-for (C++11) while − do-while Declarations − Initialization Functions − Overloading Coroutines (C++2
Function objects − hash (C++11) Swap − Type operations (C++11) Integer comparison (C++20) pair − tuple (C++11) optional (C++17) expected (C++23) variant (C++17) − any (C++17) bitset − Bit manipulation (C++20)
Keywords − Preprocessor ASCII chart Basic concepts Comments Names (lookup) Types (fundamental types) The main function Modules (C++20) Contracts (C++26) Expressions Value categories Evaluation order Operators (precedence) Conversions − Literals Constant expressions Statements if − switch for − range-for (C++11) while − do-while Declarations − Initialization Functions − Overloading Classes (unions)
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