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Performance is one of the most important and most complex tasks when managing a database. It can be affected by the configuration, the hardware or even the design of the system. By default, PostgreSQL is configured with compatibility and stability in mind, since the performance depends a lot on the hardware and on our system itself. We can have a system with a lot of data being read but the inform

In every IT system where important business tasks take place, it is important to have an explicit set of policies and practices, and to make sure those are respected and followed. Introduction to Auditing An Information Technology system audit is the examination of the policies, processes, procedures, and practices of an organization regarding IT infrastructure against a certain set of objectives.

Databases, tables, normalization, and a solid backup plan allow us to store and maintain data. Those combined best practices, in turn, afford us interaction with that data. In today’s data-driven world, data is valuable. Not only valuable, data is oftentimes critical to end-user solutions provided by products and services. Extracting insight, answering questions, and meaningful metrics from data b

In our MySQL replication tutorial we have covered different aspects of replication including master failover by performing a slave promotion using ClusterControl. The slave promotion will turn a slave into the new master, and re-attach the remaining slaves in the topology under the new master. Keep in mind that ClusterControl will not perform an automated slave promotion in the current version. We

Nginx is well-known for its ability to act as a reverse-proxy with small memory footprint. It usually sits in the front-end web tier to redirect connections to available backend services, provided these passed some health checks. Using a reverse-proxy is common when you are running a critical application or service that requires high availability. It also distributes the load equally among the bac

Installing a Kubernetes Cluster with 3 Minions on CentOS 7 to Manage Pods and Services Note: This post updated on 28th April 2015 with updated installation steps. Kubernetes is a system for managing containerized applications in a clustered environment. It provides basic mechanisms for deployment, maintenance and scaling of applications on public, private or hybrid setups. It also comes with self-

There are two models of load balancing: transport and application layer. HAProxy is a great TCP load balancer, but it’s lack of SQL awareness effectively limits its ability to address certain scaling issues in distributed database environments. In the open source world, there’s been a few SQL-aware load balancers, namely MySQL Proxy, ProxySQL and MaxScale, but they all seemed to be in beta status

In a previous post, we gave you a quick overview of the MaxScale load balancer and walked through installation and configuration. We did some quick benchmarks using sysbench, a system performance benchmark that supports testing CPU, memory, IO, mutex and also MySQL performance. We will be sharing the results in this blog post. Sysbench setup For our tests we used the latest version of sysbench, st

Unlike standard MySQL server and MySQL Cluster, the way to start a MySQL/MariaDB Galera Cluster is a bit different. Galera requires you to start a node in a cluster as a reference point, before the remaining nodes are able to join and form the cluster. This process is known as cluster bootstrap. Bootstrapping is an initial step to introduce a database node as primary component, before others see i

Hybrid replication, i.e. combining Galera and asynchronous MySQL replication in the same setup, became much easier since GTID got introduced in MySQL 5.6. Although it was fairly straightforward to replicate from a standalone MySQL server to a Galera Cluster, doing it the other way round (Galera → standalone MySQL) was a bit more challenging. At least until the arrival of GTID. There are a few good

Applications typically connect to a database cluster or replicated setup by opening connections on one of the database nodes in order to run transactions. If the database node fails, the client would need to reconnect to another database node before it can continue to serve requests. There are different ways to provide connectivity to one or more MySQL database servers. One way is to use a databas

Database Ops Your Way Sovereign DBaaS Reliably scale your database ops anywhere and take control of your infrastructure and database layer from third-parties. Learn more about the implementation concept