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API Design for Heaps (aka Priority Queues) by Chris Okasaki, & on November 17, 2016 technical API Design for Heaps (aka Priority Queues) This is a guest post by Chris Okasaki. It was initially published as the design document behind scads. It is being republished here with the permission of the original author. A heap (or priority queue) is a collection of elements ordered by some Ordering, optimi

Higher-kinded types: the difference between giving up, and moving forward by Stephen Compall, & on August 21, 2016 technical Higher-kinded types: the difference between giving up, and moving forward As its opening sentence reminds the reader—a point often missed by many reviewers—the book Functional Programming in Scala is not a book about Scala. This (wise) choice occasionally manifests in peculi

Cats Overview Cats is a library which provides abstractions for functional programming in the Scala programming language. Scala supports both object-oriented and functional programming, and this is reflected in the hybrid approach of the standard library. Cats strives to provide functional programming abstractions that are core, binary compatible, modular, approachable and efficient. A broader go

Primitive recursion with fix and Mu by Stephen Compall, & on April 14, 2014 technical Primitive recursion with fix and Mu Consider the simple cons-list datatype. import scalaz.Equal, scalaz.std.option._, scalaz.syntax.std.option._, scalaz.std.anyVal._, scalaz.std.function._, scala.reflect.runtime.universe.reify sealed abstract class XList[A] final case class XNil[A]() extends XList[A] final case c

Type members are almost type parameters by Stephen Compall, & on July 13, 2015 technical Type members are almost type parameters This is the first of a series of articles on “Type Parameters and Type Members”. Type members like Member class Blah { type Member } and parameters like Param class Blah2[Param] have more similarities than differences. The choice of which to use for a given situation is

Motivating example Assume that you have a case class representing vectors in three-dimensional space: case class Vector3D(x: Int, y: Int, z: Int) Now you want to implement addition on this class. Currently, you have to do that manually: def +(that: Vector3D): Vector3D = Vector3D(this.x + that.x, this.y + that.y, this.z + that.z) If you are writing some code involving three-dimensional vectors, cha

Typelevel Scala and the future of the Scala ecosystem by Miles Sabin, & on September 2, 2014 technical Typelevel Scala and the future of the Scala ecosystem tl;dr Typelevel is forking Scala; we call on all stakeholders in the Scala ecosystem to collaborate on the creation of an independent, non-profit, open source foundation to safeguard the interests of the entire Scala community. Last week I twe

In this post I’d like to introduce you to what I have been calling generic numeric programming. What is Generic Numeric Programming? What do we mean by generic numeric programming? Let’s take a simple example; we want to add 2 numbers together. However, we don’t want to restrict ourselves to a particular type, like Int or Double, instead we just want to work with some generic type A that can be ad

We develop industry-proven, state-of-the-art libraries for functional programming. Start building scalable, performant applications that you can grow and maintain with confidence. Typelevel is an ecosystem of Scala-based projects and a community of people united to foster an inclusive, welcoming, and safe environment around functional programming. Typelevel is built by a vibrant global community a