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CONTENTS NAME SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION #! and quoting on non-Unix systems Location of Perl Command Switches ENVIRONMENT ORDER OF APPLICATION #NAME perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter #SYNOPSIS perl [ -gsTtuUWX ] [ -h?v ] [ -V[:configvar] ] [ -cw ] [ -d[t][:debugger] ] [ -D[number/list] ] [ -pna ] [ -Fpattern ] [ -l[octal] ] [ -0[octal/hexadecimal] ] [ -Idir ] [ -m[-]module ] [ -M[-]'module..

CONTENTS NAME DESCRIPTION Variable names Identifier parsing Context Scalar values Scalar value constructors Demarcated variable names using braces Special floating point: infinity (Inf) and not-a-number (NaN) Version Strings Special Literals Barewords Array Interpolation List value constructors Subscripts Multi-dimensional array emulation Slices Key/Value Hash Slices Index/Value Array Slices Typeg

CONTENTS NAME DESCRIPTION INTRODUCTION THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN PUMPKIN? THE RECORDS SELECTED RELEASE SIZES SELECTED PATCH SIZES The patch-free era THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS #NAME perlhist - the Perl history records #DESCRIPTION This document aims to record the Perl source code releases. #INTRODUCTION Perl history in brief, by Larry Wall: Perl 0 introduced Perl to my officemates. Perl 1 introdu

CONTENTS NAME VERSION DESCRIPTION Where to find the perlfaq How to use the perlfaq How to contribute to the perlfaq What if my question isn't answered in the FAQ? TABLE OF CONTENTS THE QUESTIONS perlfaq1: General Questions About Perl perlfaq2: Obtaining and Learning about Perl perlfaq3: Programming Tools perlfaq4: Data Manipulation perlfaq5: Files and Formats perlfaq6: Regular Expressions perlfaq7

CONTENTS NAME VERSION DESCRIPTION Data: Numbers Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? Why is int() broken? Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly? Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? Trig functions? How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes? Why doesn't & work the way I

CONTENTS NAME DESCRIPTION Variables Datatypes What is an "IV"? Working with SVs Offsets What's Really Stored in an SV? Working with AVs More efficient working with new or vanilla AVs Working with HVs Hash API Extensions AVs, HVs and undefined values References Blessed References and Class Objects Creating New Variables Reference Counts and Mortality Stashes and Globs I/O Handles Double-Typed SVs R

#sprintf FORMAT, LIST Returns a string formatted by the usual printf conventions of the C library function sprintf. See below for more details and see sprintf(3) or printf(3) on your system for an explanation of the general principles. For example: # Format number with up to 8 leading zeroes my $result = sprintf("%08d", $number); # Round number to 3 digits after decimal point my $rounded = sprintf

#use Module VERSION LIST #use Module VERSION #use Module LIST #use Module Imports some semantics into the current package from the named module, generally by aliasing certain subroutine or variable names into your package. It is exactly equivalent to BEGIN { require Module; Module->import( LIST ); } except that Module must be a bareword. The importation can be made conditional by using the if modu

CONTENTS NAME DESCRIPTION SECURITY VULNERABILITY CONTACT INFORMATION SECURITY MECHANISMS AND CONCERNS Taint mode Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data Switches On the "#!" Line Taint mode and @INC Cleaning Up Your Path Shebang Race Condition Protecting Your Programs Unicode Algorithmic Complexity Attacks Using Sudo SEE ALSO #NAME perlsec - Perl security #DESCRIPTION Perl is designed to make it eas

CONTENTS NAME VERSION DESCRIPTION How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? Why does exec() not return? How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse? How do I print something out in color? How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key? How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard? How do I clear the screen? How do I get the screen size? How do I a

CONTENTS NAME DESCRIPTION Declarations Comments Simple Statements Statement Modifiers Compound Statements Loop Control For Loops Foreach Loops Try Catch Exception Handling Basic BLOCKs defer blocks Switch Statements Goto The Ellipsis Statement PODs: Embedded Documentation Plain Old Comments (Not!) Experimental Details on given and when Breaking out Fall-through Return value Switching in a loop Dif

CONTENTS NAME DESCRIPTION Part 1: The basics Simple word matching Using character classes Matching this or that Grouping things and hierarchical matching Extracting matches Backreferences Relative backreferences Named backreferences Alternative capture group numbering Position information Non-capturing groupings Matching repetitions Possessive quantifiers Building a regexp Using regular expression

CONTENTS NAME DESCRIPTION Definitions Unicode UTF-8 Text strings (character strings) Binary strings (byte strings) Encoding Decoding Internal format Your new toolkit I/O flow (the actual 5 minute tutorial) SUMMARY Q and A (or FAQ) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AUTHOR SEE ALSO #NAME perlunitut - Perl Unicode Tutorial #DESCRIPTION The days of just flinging strings around are over. It's well established that mode

CONTENTS NAME DESCRIPTION What Is A Thread Anyway? Threaded Program Models Boss/Worker Work Crew Pipeline What kind of threads are Perl threads? Thread-Safe Modules Thread Basics Basic Thread Support A Note about the Examples Creating Threads Waiting For A Thread To Exit Ignoring A Thread Process and Thread Termination Threads And Data Shared And Unshared Data Thread Pitfalls: Races Synchronizatio

CONTENTS NAME SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Command Line Options, an Introduction Getting Started with Getopt::Long Simple options A little bit less simple options Mixing command line option with other arguments Options with values Options with multiple values Options with hash values User-defined subroutines to handle options Options with multiple names Case and abbreviations Summary of Option Specificati

CONTENTS NAME DESCRIPTION SUPER QUICK PATCH GUIDE BUG REPORTING PERL 5 PORTERS perl-changes mailing list #p5p on IRC GETTING THE PERL SOURCE Read access via Git Read access via the web Write access via git PATCHING PERL Submitting patches Getting your patch accepted Patch style Commit message Comments, Comments, Comments Style Test suite Patching a core module Updating perldelta What makes for a g

CONTENTS NAME SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION SEE ALSO #NAME File::Basename - Parse file paths into directory, filename and suffix. #SYNOPSIS use File::Basename; my ($name, $path, $suffix) = fileparse($fullname, @suffixlist); my $name = fileparse($fullname, @suffixlist); my $basename = basename($fullname, @suffixlist); my $dirname = dirname($fullname); #DESCRIPTION These routines allow you to parse file path

#-X FILEHANDLE #-X EXPR #-X DIRHANDLE #-X A file test, where X is one of the letters listed below. This unary operator takes one argument, either a filename, a filehandle, or a dirhandle, and tests the associated file to see if something is true about it. If the argument is omitted, tests $_, except for -t, which tests STDIN. Unless otherwise documented, it returns 1 for true and '' for false. If

CONTENTS NAME VERSION DESCRIPTION How do I do (anything)? How can I use Perl interactively? How do I find which modules are installed on my system? How do I debug my Perl programs? How do I profile my Perl programs? How do I cross-reference my Perl programs? Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl? Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? Where can I get Perl macros for vi? Where can I get p

#open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR #open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST #open FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE #open FILEHANDLE,EXPR #open FILEHANDLE Associates an internal FILEHANDLE with the external file specified by EXPR. That filehandle will subsequently allow you to perform I/O operations on that file, such as reading from it or writing to it. Instead of a filename, you may specify an external command (plus an

#alarm SECONDS #alarm Arranges to have a SIGALRM delivered to this process after the specified number of wallclock seconds has elapsed. If SECONDS is not specified, the value stored in $_ is used. (On some machines, unfortunately, the elapsed time may be up to one second less or more than you specified because of how seconds are counted, and process scheduling may delay the delivery of the signal

CONTENTS NAME DESCRIPTION What is Perl? Running Perl programs Safety net Basic syntax overview Perl variable types Variable scoping Conditional and looping constructs Builtin operators and functions Files and I/O Regular expressions Writing subroutines OO Perl Using Perl modules AUTHOR #NAME perlintro - a brief introduction and overview of Perl #DESCRIPTION This document is intended to give you a

CONTENTS NAME DESCRIPTION Important Caveats Byte and Character Semantics ASCII Rules versus Unicode Rules Extended Grapheme Clusters (Logical characters) Unicode Character Properties General_Category Bidirectional Character Types Scripts Use of the "Is" Prefix Blocks Other Properties Comparison of \N{...} and \p{name=...} Wildcards in Property Values User-Defined Character Properties User-Defined

CONTENTS NAME DESCRIPTION #NAME perlstyle - Perl style guide #DESCRIPTION Each programmer will, of course, have his or her own preferences in regards to formatting, but there are some general guidelines that will make your programs easier to read, understand, and maintain. The most important thing is to use strict and warnings in all your code or know the reason why not to. You may turn them off e

CONTENTS NAME SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Signatures Private Variables via my() Persistent Private Variables Persistent variables via state() Persistent variables with closures Temporary Values via local() Grammatical note on local() Localization of special variables Localization of globs Localization of elements of composite types Localized deletion of elements of composite types Lvalue subroutines Lexi

CONTENTS NAME DESCRIPTION The Syntax of Variable Names SPECIAL VARIABLES General Variables Variables related to regular expressions Scoping Rules of Regex Variables Performance issues Variables related to filehandles Variables related to formats Error Variables Variables related to the interpreter state Deprecated and removed variables #NAME perlvar - Perl predefined variables #DESCRIPTION #The Sy

CONTENTS NAME NOTE DESCRIPTION Making References Backslash Operator Square Brackets Curly Brackets Anonymous Subroutines Constructors Autovivification Typeglob Slots Using References Simple Scalar Block Arrow Notation Objects Miscellaneous Usage Circular References Symbolic references Not-so-symbolic references Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash Function Templates Postfix Dereference Syntax P